如何使用C#编程自动安装Windows服务？

Question

我在VS解决方案中有三个项目，其中一个是Web应用程序，第二个是Windows服务，最后一个是我Web应用程序的安装程序项目。

我的目标是，在安装我的Web应用程序后，在我的自定义操作中尝试安装我的Windows服务，因为到那时我已经知道程序集的位置。

- Konstantinos

Answer 1

我发现你复用的代码中有几个错误，已经修复并稍微清理了一下。原始代码来自这里。

public static class ServiceInstaller
{
    private const int STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0xF0000;
    private const int SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS = 0x00000010;

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    private class SERVICE_STATUS
    {
        public int dwServiceType = 0;
        public ServiceState dwCurrentState = 0;
        public int dwControlsAccepted = 0;
        public int dwWin32ExitCode = 0;
        public int dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0;
        public int dwCheckPoint = 0;
        public int dwWaitHint = 0;
    }

    #region OpenSCManager
    [DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "OpenSCManagerW", ExactSpelling = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
    static extern IntPtr OpenSCManager(string machineName, string databaseName, ScmAccessRights dwDesiredAccess);
    #endregion

    #region OpenService
    [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    static extern IntPtr OpenService(IntPtr hSCManager, string lpServiceName, ServiceAccessRights dwDesiredAccess);
    #endregion

    #region CreateService
    [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
    private static extern IntPtr CreateService(IntPtr hSCManager, string lpServiceName, string lpDisplayName, ServiceAccessRights dwDesiredAccess, int dwServiceType, ServiceBootFlag dwStartType, ServiceError dwErrorControl, string lpBinaryPathName, string lpLoadOrderGroup, IntPtr lpdwTagId, string lpDependencies, string lp, string lpPassword);
    #endregion

    #region CloseServiceHandle
    [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
    static extern bool CloseServiceHandle(IntPtr hSCObject);
    #endregion

    #region QueryServiceStatus
    [DllImport("advapi32.dll")]
    private static extern int QueryServiceStatus(IntPtr hService, SERVICE_STATUS lpServiceStatus);
    #endregion

    #region DeleteService
    [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
    private static extern bool DeleteService(IntPtr hService);
    #endregion

    #region ControlService
    [DllImport("advapi32.dll")]
    private static extern int ControlService(IntPtr hService, ServiceControl dwControl, SERVICE_STATUS lpServiceStatus);
    #endregion

    #region StartService
    [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
    private static extern int StartService(IntPtr hService, int dwNumServiceArgs, int lpServiceArgVectors);
    #endregion

    public static void Uninstall(string serviceName)
    {
        IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights.AllAccess);

        try
        {
            IntPtr service = OpenService(scm, serviceName, ServiceAccessRights.AllAccess);
            if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
                throw new ApplicationException("Service not installed.");

            try
            {
                StopService(service);
                if (!DeleteService(service))
                    throw new ApplicationException("Could not delete service " + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
            }
            finally
            {
                CloseServiceHandle(service);
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            CloseServiceHandle(scm);
        }
    }

    public static bool ServiceIsInstalled(string serviceName)
    {
        IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights.Connect);

        try
        {
            IntPtr service = OpenService(scm, serviceName, ServiceAccessRights.QueryStatus);

            if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
                return false;

            CloseServiceHandle(service);
            return true;
        }
        finally
        {
            CloseServiceHandle(scm);
        }
    }

    public static void InstallAndStart(string serviceName, string displayName, string fileName)
    {
        IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights.AllAccess);

        try
        {
            IntPtr service = OpenService(scm, serviceName, ServiceAccessRights.AllAccess);

            if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
                service = CreateService(scm, serviceName, displayName, ServiceAccessRights.AllAccess, SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS, ServiceBootFlag.AutoStart, ServiceError.Normal, fileName, null, IntPtr.Zero, null, null, null);

            if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
                throw new ApplicationException("Failed to install service.");

            try
            {
                StartService(service);
            }
            finally
            {
                CloseServiceHandle(service);
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            CloseServiceHandle(scm);
        }
    }

    public static void StartService(string serviceName)
    {
        IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights.Connect);

        try
        {
            IntPtr service = OpenService(scm, serviceName, ServiceAccessRights.QueryStatus | ServiceAccessRights.Start);
            if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
                throw new ApplicationException("Could not open service.");

            try
            {
                StartService(service);
            }
            finally
            {
                CloseServiceHandle(service);
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            CloseServiceHandle(scm);
        }
    }

    public static void StopService(string serviceName)
    {
        IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights.Connect);

        try
        {
            IntPtr service = OpenService(scm, serviceName, ServiceAccessRights.QueryStatus | ServiceAccessRights.Stop);
            if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
                throw new ApplicationException("Could not open service.");

            try
            {
                StopService(service);
            }
            finally
            {
                CloseServiceHandle(service);
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            CloseServiceHandle(scm);
        }
    }

    private static void StartService(IntPtr service)
    {
        SERVICE_STATUS status = new SERVICE_STATUS();
        StartService(service, 0, 0);
        var changedStatus = WaitForServiceStatus(service, ServiceState.StartPending, ServiceState.Running);
        if (!changedStatus)
            throw new ApplicationException("Unable to start service");
    }

    private static void StopService(IntPtr service)
    {
        SERVICE_STATUS status = new SERVICE_STATUS();
        ControlService(service, ServiceControl.Stop, status);
        var changedStatus = WaitForServiceStatus(service, ServiceState.StopPending, ServiceState.Stopped);
        if (!changedStatus)
            throw new ApplicationException("Unable to stop service");
    }

    public static ServiceState GetServiceStatus(string serviceName)
    {
        IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights.Connect);

        try
        {
            IntPtr service = OpenService(scm, serviceName, ServiceAccessRights.QueryStatus);
            if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
                return ServiceState.NotFound;

            try
            {
                return GetServiceStatus(service);
            }
            finally
            {
                CloseServiceHandle(service);
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            CloseServiceHandle(scm);
        }
    }

    private static ServiceState GetServiceStatus(IntPtr service)
    {
        SERVICE_STATUS status = new SERVICE_STATUS();

        if (QueryServiceStatus(service, status) == 0)
            throw new ApplicationException("Failed to query service status.");

        return status.dwCurrentState;
    }

    private static bool WaitForServiceStatus(IntPtr service, ServiceState waitStatus, ServiceState desiredStatus)
    {
        SERVICE_STATUS status = new SERVICE_STATUS();

        QueryServiceStatus(service, status);
        if (status.dwCurrentState == desiredStatus) return true;

        int dwStartTickCount = Environment.TickCount;
        int dwOldCheckPoint = status.dwCheckPoint;

        while (status.dwCurrentState == waitStatus)
        {
            // Do not wait longer than the wait hint. A good interval is
            // one tenth the wait hint, but no less than 1 second and no
            // more than 10 seconds.

            int dwWaitTime = status.dwWaitHint / 10;

            if (dwWaitTime < 1000) dwWaitTime = 1000;
            else if (dwWaitTime > 10000) dwWaitTime = 10000;

            Thread.Sleep(dwWaitTime);

            // Check the status again.

            if (QueryServiceStatus(service, status) == 0) break;

            if (status.dwCheckPoint > dwOldCheckPoint)
            {
                // The service is making progress.
                dwStartTickCount = Environment.TickCount;
                dwOldCheckPoint = status.dwCheckPoint;
            }
            else
            {
                if (Environment.TickCount - dwStartTickCount > status.dwWaitHint)
                {
                    // No progress made within the wait hint
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        return (status.dwCurrentState == desiredStatus);
    }

    private static IntPtr OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights rights)
    {
        IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(null, null, rights);
        if (scm == IntPtr.Zero)
            throw new ApplicationException("Could not connect to service control manager.");

        return scm;
    }
}


public enum ServiceState
{
    Unknown = -1, // The state cannot be (has not been) retrieved.
    NotFound = 0, // The service is not known on the host server.
    Stopped = 1,
    StartPending = 2,
    StopPending = 3,
    Running = 4,
    ContinuePending = 5,
    PausePending = 6,
    Paused = 7
}

[Flags]
public enum ScmAccessRights
{
    Connect = 0x0001,
    CreateService = 0x0002,
    EnumerateService = 0x0004,
    Lock = 0x0008,
    QueryLockStatus = 0x0010,
    ModifyBootConfig = 0x0020,
    StandardRightsRequired = 0xF0000,
    AllAccess = (StandardRightsRequired | Connect | CreateService |
                 EnumerateService | Lock | QueryLockStatus | ModifyBootConfig)
}

[Flags]
public enum ServiceAccessRights
{
    QueryConfig = 0x1,
    ChangeConfig = 0x2,
    QueryStatus = 0x4,
    EnumerateDependants = 0x8,
    Start = 0x10,
    Stop = 0x20,
    PauseContinue = 0x40,
    Interrogate = 0x80,
    UserDefinedControl = 0x100,
    Delete = 0x00010000,
    StandardRightsRequired = 0xF0000,
    AllAccess = (StandardRightsRequired | QueryConfig | ChangeConfig |
                 QueryStatus | EnumerateDependants | Start | Stop | PauseContinue |
                 Interrogate | UserDefinedControl)
}

public enum ServiceBootFlag
{
    Start = 0x00000000,
    SystemStart = 0x00000001,
    AutoStart = 0x00000002,
    DemandStart = 0x00000003,
    Disabled = 0x00000004
}

public enum ServiceControl
{
    Stop = 0x00000001,
    Pause = 0x00000002,
    Continue = 0x00000003,
    Interrogate = 0x00000004,
    Shutdown = 0x00000005,
    ParamChange = 0x00000006,
    NetBindAdd = 0x00000007,
    NetBindRemove = 0x00000008,
    NetBindEnable = 0x00000009,
    NetBindDisable = 0x0000000A
}

public enum ServiceError
{
    Ignore = 0x00000000,
    Normal = 0x00000001,
    Severe = 0x00000002,
    Critical = 0x00000003
}

如果有人发现这段代码有任何问题，请告诉我！

- Lars A. Brekken

---

为什么要使用这么多代码？只需使用AssemblyInstaller.Install()！请参见@lakshmanaraj的答案。 - Josh M.

每次我安装并启动服务时，都会出现“无法启动服务”的错误。你能告诉我我做错了什么吗？ - Sudhanshu Gupta

Konstantinos做出了出色的贡献，但Lars A. Brekken提供了最好的（无bug）答案。 - The_Black_Smurf

那段代码使用的是哪个许可证？我能在一个MS-PL项目中使用它吗？ - Florian

我最终使用了ManagedInstallerClass。请参考@Newtopian的回答。 - arao6

Answer 2

好的，这里是真正对我起作用的方法，它在多台具有不同操作系统（Vista、XP、Win2k、Win2003 Server）的计算机上进行了测试。

代码取自这里，因此所有信用归于编写此代码的人。

一旦您将dll或源文件添加到项目中，请确保添加ServiceTools命名空间，然后您就可以访问一些非常方便的功能，例如...

//Installs and starts the service
ServiceInstaller.InstallAndStart("MyServiceName", "MyServiceDisplayName", "C:\\PathToServiceFile.exe");

//Removes the service
ServiceInstaller.Uninstall("MyServiceName");

//Checks the status of the service
ServiceInstaller.GetServiceStatus("MyServiceName");

//Starts the service
ServiceInstaller.StartService("MyServiceName");

//Stops the service
ServiceInstaller.StopService("MyServiceName");

//Check if service is installed
ServiceInstaller.ServiceIsInstalled("MyServiceName");

我希望这可以帮到你。

- Konstantinos

---

我已经发布了一个答案，其中包含对你发布的代码进行修复的bugfixes。看一下你找到该代码的讨论线程，你会发现代码的作者意识到其中存在一些漏洞。 - Lars A. Brekken

我所提到的帖子是：http://www.tech-archive.net/Archive/VB/microsoft.public.vb.winapi/2006-08/msg00253.html此外，我发现另外一个或两个bug，其中服务句柄未被释放。 - Lars A. Brekken

这个解决方案看起来像是要对抗一个长着25个头的九头蛇，但你只是想在公园里安静地散步……一定有更简单的方法。 - Newtopian

我该如何设置特定的用户和密码来运行服务？我可以使用上述提到的ServiceInstaller吗？ - mJay

如果安装时间超过10秒，则会报告失败。 - sendreams

Answer 3

请查看这篇文章，有时您可能需要以编程方式安装Windows服务, 但目标计算机没有InstallUtil.exe。添加对System.Configuration.Install的引用，并使用以下代码。请注意，exeFileName是InstallerClass.exe而不是ServiceClass.exe。

public static void InstallService(string exeFilename)
{
    string[] commandLineOptions = new string[1] { "/LogFile=install.log" };

    System.Configuration.Install.AssemblyInstaller installer = new System.Configuration.Install.AssemblyInstaller(exeFilename, commandLineOptions);

    installer.UseNewContext = true;    
    installer.Install(null);    
    installer.Commit(null);

}

卸载方法：

public static void UninstallService(string exeFilename)
{
    string[] commandLineOptions = new string[1] { "/LogFile=uninstall.log" };

    System.Configuration.Install.AssemblyInstaller installer = new System.Configuration.Install.AssemblyInstaller(exeFilename, commandLineOptions);

    installer.UseNewContext = true;    
    installer.Uninstall(null);

}

- lakshmanaraj

---

我的编译器报错，说AssemblyInstaller（ExeFilename）消耗了多个参数——实际上它似乎有3个重载——一个没有参数，另外两个每个都有2个参数。自从你们发布这篇文章以来，是否有任何更改？ - Brian Sweeney

这是将程序集安装为服务的正确方法。如果它对你不起作用，那么你一定做错了什么！你不需要其他第三方代码。感谢lakshmanaraj！ - Josh M.

它应该成为被接受的答案。它很简单而且有效。 （我建议编辑，因为第二个参数缺失。此外，您应该引用InstallerClass而不是ServiceClass作为exeFileName）。 - Zanon

我很好奇：它是否允许您配置服务名称和启动类型（自动、手动等）？如果是，如何操作？ - jweyrich

这个有点可行。我被提示输入凭据，然后在Installer.Install(null)上得到“访问被拒绝”的错误。有人知道如何解决吗？ - FAA

Answer 4

创建服务安装程序类的一个实例后（非常基本），我需要做的就是调用：

ManagedInstallerClass.InstallHelper(new string[] { 
    Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location });

安装它并且

ManagedInstallerClass.InstallHelper(new string[] { "/u", 
    Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location });

卸载服务。此处，调用代码位于与服务可执行文件相同的程序集中。

要通过命令行安装服务，我只需要通过命令行参数将其连接到可执行文件，并测试 System.Environment.UserInteractive 以确定是服务执行还是有人试图安装 - 卸载它，然后大功告成…没有奇怪的互操作问题…没有指针泄漏…

两个类分散在约20行代码上即可解决问题。

要替换 InstallUtil 只需查看 ManagedInstallerClass.InstallHelper。

- Newtopian

---

简单。当你反思InstallUtil.exe时，你可能会得出相同的结论。它确实做了完全相同的事情。此外，它还有一些有趣的控制台编码修复。安装和卸载都很好用。（记得以管理员身份运行...） - ygoe

Answer 5

通过使用Topshelf项目，您可以通过调用可执行文件来安装：

MyService.exe install

Topshelf还负责其他Windows服务的管理。

- Brian Low

Answer 6

自从我面临以编程方式安装在特定用户下运行的服务的挑战后，我扩展了 InstallAndStart 方法来利用 lp 和 lpPassword ...不多但可能有所帮助。

public static void InstallAndStart(
    string serviceName, 
    string displayName, 
    string fileName, 
    string username, 
    string password)
{
    IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights.AllAccess);

    try
    {
        IntPtr service = OpenService(
            scm, 
            serviceName, 
            ServiceAccessRights.AllAccess);

        if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
            service = CreateService(
                scm, 
                serviceName, 
                displayName, 
                ServiceAccessRights.AllAccess, 
                SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS, 
                ServiceBootFlag.AutoStart, 
                ServiceError.Normal, 
                fileName, 
                null, 
                IntPtr.Zero, 
                null, 
                username, 
                password);

        if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
            throw new ApplicationException("Failed to install service.");

        try
        {
            StartService(service);
        }
        finally
        {
            CloseServiceHandle(service);
        }
    }
    finally
    {
        CloseServiceHandle(scm);
    }
}

- mJay

Answer 7

我使用Lars的答案来管理我的服务，它能够很好地工作。但是我需要给服务传递参数，这让我花费了几个小时才找到如何实现。因此，我决定发布经过修改的类，使其具备使用参数启动服务的功能：

    public static class ServiceHelper
    {
        private const int STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0xF0000;
        private const int SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS = 0x00000010;

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        private class SERVICE_STATUS
        {
            public int dwServiceType = 0;
            public ServiceState dwCurrentState = 0;
            public int dwControlsAccepted = 0;
            public int dwWin32ExitCode = 0;
            public int dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0;
            public int dwCheckPoint = 0;
            public int dwWaitHint = 0;
        }

        #region OpenSCManager
        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "OpenSCManagerW", ExactSpelling = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError = true)]
        static extern IntPtr OpenSCManager(string machineName, string databaseName, ScmAccessRights dwDesiredAccess);
        #endregion

        #region OpenService
        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        static extern IntPtr OpenService(IntPtr hSCManager, string lpServiceName, ServiceAccessRights dwDesiredAccess);
        #endregion

        #region CreateService
        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        private static extern IntPtr CreateService(IntPtr hSCManager, string lpServiceName, string lpDisplayName, ServiceAccessRights dwDesiredAccess, int dwServiceType, ServiceBootFlag dwStartType, ServiceError dwErrorControl, string lpBinaryPathName, string lpLoadOrderGroup, IntPtr lpdwTagId, string lpDependencies, string lp, string lpPassword);
        #endregion

        #region CloseServiceHandle
        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
        static extern bool CloseServiceHandle(IntPtr hSCObject);
        #endregion

        #region QueryServiceStatus
        [DllImport("advapi32.dll")]
        private static extern int QueryServiceStatus(IntPtr hService, SERVICE_STATUS lpServiceStatus);
        #endregion

        #region DeleteService
        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
        private static extern bool DeleteService(IntPtr hService);
        #endregion

        #region ControlService
        [DllImport("advapi32.dll")]
        private static extern int ControlService(IntPtr hService, ServiceControl dwControl, SERVICE_STATUS lpServiceStatus);
        #endregion

        #region StartService
        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
        private static extern int StartService(IntPtr hService, int dwNumServiceArgs, string[] lpServiceArgVectors);
        #endregion

        public static void Uninstall(string serviceName)
        {
            IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights.AllAccess);

            try
            {
                IntPtr service = OpenService(scm, serviceName, ServiceAccessRights.AllAccess);
                if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
                    throw new ApplicationException("Service not installed.");

                try
                {
                    StopService(service);
                    if (!DeleteService(service))
                        throw new ApplicationException("Could not delete service " + Marshal.GetLastWin32Error());
                }
                finally
                {
                    CloseServiceHandle(service);
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                CloseServiceHandle(scm);
            }
        }

        public static bool ServiceIsInstalled(string serviceName)
        {
            IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights.Connect);

            try
            {
                IntPtr service = OpenService(scm, serviceName, ServiceAccessRights.QueryStatus);

                if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
                    return false;

                CloseServiceHandle(service);
                return true;
            }
            finally
            {
                CloseServiceHandle(scm);
            }
        }

        public static void InstallAndStart(string serviceName, string displayName, string fileName,string[] args)
        {
            IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights.AllAccess);

            try
            {
                IntPtr service = OpenService(scm, serviceName, ServiceAccessRights.AllAccess);

                if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
                    service = CreateService(scm, serviceName, displayName, ServiceAccessRights.AllAccess, SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS, ServiceBootFlag.AutoStart, ServiceError.Normal, fileName, null, IntPtr.Zero, null, null, null);

                if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
                    throw new ApplicationException("Failed to install service.");

                try
                {
                    StartService(service,args);
                }
                finally
                {
                    CloseServiceHandle(service);
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                CloseServiceHandle(scm);
            }
        }

        public static void StartService(string serviceName,string[] args)
        {
            IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights.Connect);

            try
            {
                IntPtr service = OpenService(scm, serviceName, ServiceAccessRights.QueryStatus | ServiceAccessRights.Start);
                if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
                    throw new ApplicationException("Could not open service.");

                try
                {
                    StartService(service,args);
                }
                finally
                {
                    CloseServiceHandle(service);
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                CloseServiceHandle(scm);
            }
        }

        public static void StopService(string serviceName)
        {
            IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights.Connect);

            try
            {
                IntPtr service = OpenService(scm, serviceName, ServiceAccessRights.QueryStatus | ServiceAccessRights.Stop);
                if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
                    throw new ApplicationException("Could not open service.");

                try
                {
                    StopService(service);
                }
                finally
                {
                    CloseServiceHandle(service);
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                CloseServiceHandle(scm);
            }
        }

        private static void StartService(IntPtr service,string[] args)
        {
            SERVICE_STATUS status = new SERVICE_STATUS();
            StartService(service, args.Length, args);
            var changedStatus = WaitForServiceStatus(service, ServiceState.StartPending, ServiceState.Running);
            if (!changedStatus)
                throw new ApplicationException("Unable to start service");
        }

        private static void StopService(IntPtr service)
        {
            SERVICE_STATUS status = new SERVICE_STATUS();
            ControlService(service, ServiceControl.Stop, status);
            var changedStatus = WaitForServiceStatus(service, ServiceState.StopPending, ServiceState.Stopped);
            if (!changedStatus)
                throw new ApplicationException("Unable to stop service");
        }

        public static ServiceState GetServiceStatus(string serviceName)
        {
            IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights.Connect);

            try
            {
                IntPtr service = OpenService(scm, serviceName, ServiceAccessRights.QueryStatus);
                if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
                    return ServiceState.NotFound;

                try
                {
                    return GetServiceStatus(service);
                }
                finally
                {
                    CloseServiceHandle(service);
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                CloseServiceHandle(scm);
            }
        }

        private static ServiceState GetServiceStatus(IntPtr service)
        {
            SERVICE_STATUS status = new SERVICE_STATUS();

            if (QueryServiceStatus(service, status) == 0)
                throw new ApplicationException("Failed to query service status.");

            return status.dwCurrentState;
        }

        private static bool WaitForServiceStatus(IntPtr service, ServiceState waitStatus, ServiceState desiredStatus)
        {
            SERVICE_STATUS status = new SERVICE_STATUS();

            QueryServiceStatus(service, status);
            if (status.dwCurrentState == desiredStatus) return true;

            int dwStartTickCount = Environment.TickCount;
            int dwOldCheckPoint = status.dwCheckPoint;

            while (status.dwCurrentState == waitStatus)
            {
                // Do not wait longer than the wait hint. A good interval is
                // one tenth the wait hint, but no less than 1 second and no
                // more than 10 seconds.

                int dwWaitTime = status.dwWaitHint / 10;

                if (dwWaitTime < 1000) dwWaitTime = 1000;
                else if (dwWaitTime > 10000) dwWaitTime = 10000;

                Thread.Sleep(dwWaitTime);

                // Check the status again.

                if (QueryServiceStatus(service, status) == 0) break;

                if (status.dwCheckPoint > dwOldCheckPoint)
                {
                    // The service is making progress.
                    dwStartTickCount = Environment.TickCount;
                    dwOldCheckPoint = status.dwCheckPoint;
                }
                else
                {
                    if (Environment.TickCount - dwStartTickCount > status.dwWaitHint)
                    {
                        // No progress made within the wait hint
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            return (status.dwCurrentState == desiredStatus);
        }

        private static IntPtr OpenSCManager(ScmAccessRights rights)
        {
            IntPtr scm = OpenSCManager(null, null, rights);
            if (scm == IntPtr.Zero)
                throw new ApplicationException("Could not connect to service control manager.");

            return scm;
        }
    }


    public enum ServiceState
    {
        Unknown = -1, // The state cannot be (has not been) retrieved.
        NotFound = 0, // The service is not known on the host server.
        Stopped = 1,
        StartPending = 2,
        StopPending = 3,
        Running = 4,
        ContinuePending = 5,
        PausePending = 6,
        Paused = 7
    }

    [Flags]
    public enum ScmAccessRights
    {
        Connect = 0x0001,
        CreateService = 0x0002,
        EnumerateService = 0x0004,
        Lock = 0x0008,
        QueryLockStatus = 0x0010,
        ModifyBootConfig = 0x0020,
        StandardRightsRequired = 0xF0000,
        AllAccess = (StandardRightsRequired | Connect | CreateService |
                     EnumerateService | Lock | QueryLockStatus | ModifyBootConfig)
    }

    [Flags]
    public enum ServiceAccessRights
    {
        QueryConfig = 0x1,
        ChangeConfig = 0x2,
        QueryStatus = 0x4,
        EnumerateDependants = 0x8,
        Start = 0x10,
        Stop = 0x20,
        PauseContinue = 0x40,
        Interrogate = 0x80,
        UserDefinedControl = 0x100,
        Delete = 0x00010000,
        StandardRightsRequired = 0xF0000,
        AllAccess = (StandardRightsRequired | QueryConfig | ChangeConfig |
                     QueryStatus | EnumerateDependants | Start | Stop | PauseContinue |
                     Interrogate | UserDefinedControl)
    }

    public enum ServiceBootFlag
    {
        Start = 0x00000000,
        SystemStart = 0x00000001,
        AutoStart = 0x00000002,
        DemandStart = 0x00000003,
        Disabled = 0x00000004
    }

    public enum ServiceControl
    {
        Stop = 0x00000001,
        Pause = 0x00000002,
        Continue = 0x00000003,
        Interrogate = 0x00000004,
        Shutdown = 0x00000005,
        ParamChange = 0x00000006,
        NetBindAdd = 0x00000007,
        NetBindRemove = 0x00000008,
        NetBindEnable = 0x00000009,
        NetBindDisable = 0x0000000A
    }

    public enum ServiceError
    {
        Ignore = 0x00000000,
        Normal = 0x00000001,
        Severe = 0x00000002,
        Critical = 0x00000003
    }

- Ali Sharafi

Answer 8

在这篇文章中，我阅读了所有的帖子和评论，但我仍然不知道当我要添加Windows服务时如何设置账户类型和StartType方法。这个代码示例在我的电脑上运行良好（只是添加了一个本地系统的服务），但我准备制作安装程序，因此必须考虑启动模式和用户账户类型方法，以适应客户的系统。
看起来ServiceBootFlag枚举提供了StartType，但Account Type仍然是个问题。

    [DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "CreateServiceA")]

    private static extern IntPtr CreateService(IntPtr hSCManager, string

    lpServiceName, string lpDisplayName, ServiceRights dwDesiredAccess, int

    dwServiceType, ServiceBootFlag dwStartType, ServiceError dwErrorControl,

    string lpBinaryPathName, string lpLoadOrderGroup, IntPtr lpdwTagId, string

    lpDependencies, string lp, string lpPassword); 

- Tayfur Yılmaz

Answer 9

使用以下代码来使用C#安装Windows服务：

public void InstallWinService(string winServicePath)
{
        try
        {
            ManagedInstallerClass.InstallHelper(new string[] { winServicePath});
        }
        catch (Exception)
        {

            throw;
        }
}

- Mahsh Nikam

Answer 10

另一种方法可能是使用命令提示符中的SC.exe：

 System.Diagnostics.Process process = new System.Diagnostics.Process();
 System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo startInfo = new 
 System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo();
 startInfo.WindowStyle = System.Diagnostics.ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden;
 startInfo.FileName = "cmd.exe";
 startInfo.Arguments = "/C sc create MyService binpath=\"c:\\...\\MyService.exe\"";
 process.StartInfo = startInfo;
 process.Start();

- Zohar