以下适用于任何有效路径，只要它不是UNC路径。路径可以是绝对路径或相对路径。它可以使用短文件名或长文件名（或混合使用）。路径可能指向文件夹或文件。
如果结果是一个文件夹，那么结果将以 \ 结尾；如果是文件，则不会在结尾添加 \ 。
:getLongPath 过程的第一个参数应为 inputPath 变量名称，第二个参数应为可选的返回变量名称。inputPath 变量应包含有效路径。如果未指定返回变量，则结果将在屏幕上呈现（带引号）。如果指定了返回变量，则结果将以变量形式返回（不带引号）。
如果正在返回变量，则仅当禁用延迟扩展时才应调用该过程。如果启用延迟扩展，则如果结果包含 ! 字符，则结果将损坏。
测试用例（仅限我的机器）在脚本顶部，实际过程在底部。
@echo off
setlocal
for %%F in (
"D:\test\AB2761~1\AZCFE4~1.TXT"
"AB2761~1\AZCFE4~1.TXT"
"D:\test\AB2761~1\ZZCE57~1\"
"D:\test\a b\a z.txt"
"D:\test\a b\z z"
"."
"\"
"x%%&BAN~1\test"
"x%% & bang!\test"
) do (
echo(
echo resolving %%F
set "shortPath=%%~F"
call :getLongPath shortPath longPath
set longPath
)
echo(
echo(
set "shortPath=D:\test\AB2761~1\AZCFE4~1.TXT"
set shortPath
echo Calling :getLongPath with with no return variable
call :getLongPath shortPath
exit /b
:getLongPath path [rtnVar]
setlocal disableDelayedExpansion
setlocal enableDelayedExpansion
for %%F in ("!%~1!") do (
endlocal
set "sourcePath=%%~sF"
set "sourceFile=%%~nxF"
)
if not exist "%sourcePath%" (
>&2 echo ERROR: Invalid path
exit /b 1
)
set "rtn="
2>nul cd "%sourcePath%" || (
cd "%sourcePath%\.."
for /f "eol=: delims=" %%F in ('dir /b /a-d "%sourceFile%"') do set "rtn=%%F"
)
:resolveFolders
for %%F in ("%cd%") do (
cd ..
set "folder=%%~nxF"
)
if defined folder for /f "eol=: delims=" %%: in ('dir /b /ad') do (
if /i "%%~snx:" equ "%folder%" (
set "rtn=%%:\%rtn%"
goto :resolveFolders
)
)
set "rtn=%cd%%rtn%
( endlocal
if "%~2" equ "" (echo "%rtn%") else set "%~2=%rtn%"
)
=== 输出 ===
resolving "D:\test\AB2761~1\AZCFE4~1.TXT"
longPath=D:\test\a b\a z.txt
resolving "AB2761~1\AZCFE4~1.TXT"
longPath=D:\test\a b\a z.txt
resolving "D:\test\AB2761~1\ZZCE57~1\"
longPath=D:\test\a b\z z\
resolving "D:\test\a b\a z.txt"
longPath=D:\test\a b\a z.txt
resolving "D:\test\a b\z z"
longPath=D:\test\a b\z z\
resolving "."
longPath=D:\test\
resolving "\"
longPath=D:\
resolving "x%&BAN~1\test"
longPath=D:\test\x% & bang!\test\
resolving "x% & bang!\test"
longPath=D:\test\x% & bang!\test\
shortPath=D:\test\AB2761~1\AZCFE4~1.TXT
Calling :getLongPath with with no return variable
"D:\test\a b\a z.txt"
如果您想运行上面的代码，则建议您完全删除
@echo off和
:getLongPath之间的所有测试场景代码。然后，您可以简单地调用脚本，并将任何有效路径作为第一个参数传递。正确的长路径应作为结果打印。
我惊讶地发现，使用批处理难以解决这个问题。我认为使用JScript或VBS也不会更容易（实际上，Ansgar找到了一个不错的VBS解决方案）。但我喜欢Ansgar的简单PowerShell解决方案-要简单得多。
更新
我发现了一个比较特殊的情况，在该情况下，如果从FOR循环中调用上面的代码，并且路径恰好包含FOR变量，则上面的代码会失败。如果路径中有通配符，则它也无法正确报告错误，并且当路径包含感叹号“!”时启用延迟扩展时它也不能正常工作。
因此，我创建了下面的修改版本。我非常有信心它可以真正在所有情况下工作，除了UNC路径并且可能不能处理路径中的Unicode字符。我将其打包为易于调用的过程，并附带内置文档。它可以作为独立脚本保留，也可以并入更大的脚本中。
@echo off
:getLongPath
:::
:::getLongPath PathVar [RtnVar]
:::getLongPath /?
:::
::: Resolves the path contained in PathVar into the full long path.
::: If the path represents a folder then it will end with \
:::
::: The result is returned in variable RtnVar.
::: The result is echoed to the screen if RtnVar is not specified.
:::
::: Prints this documentation if the first argument is /?
if "%~1" equ "" (
>&2 echo ERROR: Insufficient arguments. Use getLongPath /? to get help.
exit /b 1
)
if "%~1" equ "/?" (
for /f "delims=" %%A in ('findstr "^:::" "%~f0"') do (
set "ln=%%A"
setlocal enableDelayedExpansion
echo(!ln:~3!
endlocal
)
exit /b 0
)
setlocal
set "notDelayed=!"
setlocal disableDelayedExpansion
setlocal enableDelayedExpansion
for /f "eol=: delims=" %%F in ("!%~1!") do (
endlocal
set "sourcePath=%%~sF"
set "sourcePath2=%%F"
set "sourceFile=%%~nxF"
)
if not exist "%sourcePath%" (
>&2 echo ERROR: Invalid path
exit /b 1
)
set "sourcePath3=%sourcePath2:**=%"
set "sourcePath3=%sourcePath3:?=%"
if "%sourcePath3%" neq "%sourcePath2%" (
>&2 echo ERROR: Invalid path
exit /b 1
)
set "rtn="
2>nul cd "%sourcePath%" || (
cd "%sourcePath%\.."
for /f "eol=: delims=" %%F in ('dir /b /a-d "%sourceFile%"') do set "rtn=%%F"
)
:resolveFolders
for %%F in ("%cd%") do (
cd ..
set "folder=%%~nxF"
)
if defined folder for /f "delims=: tokens=1,2" %%A in ("%folder%:%rtn%") do for /f "eol=: delims=" %%F in ('dir /b /ad') do (
if /i "%%~snxF" equ "%%A" (
set "rtn=%%F\%%B"
goto :resolveFolders
)
)
set "rtn=%cd%%rtn%"
if not defined notDelayed set "rtn=%rtn:^=^^%"
if not defined notDelayed set "rtn=%rtn:!=^!%"
if not defined notDelayed (set "!=!==!") else set "!="
for %%A in ("%rtn%") do (
endlocal
endlocal
if "%~2" equ "" (echo %%~A%!%) else set "%~2=%%~A"!
)
我还将Ansgar的VBS脚本改编成了混合的JScript/batch脚本。它应该提供与上面纯批处理脚本相同的结果，但是JScript要容易理解得多。
@if (@X)==(@Y) @end /* harmless hybrid line that begins a JScrpt comment
@echo off
:getLongpath
:::
:::getLongPath PathVar [RtnVar]
:::getLongPath /?
:::
::: Resolves the path contained in PathVar into the full long path.
::: If the path represents a folder then it will end with \
:::
::: The result is returned in variable RtnVar.
::: The result is echoed to the screen if RtnVar is not specified.
:::
::: Prints this documentation if the first argument is /?
::************ Batch portion ***********
if "%~1" equ "" (
>&2 echo ERROR: Insufficient arguments. Use getLongPath /? to get help.
exit /b 1
)
if "%~1" equ "/?" (
for /f "delims=" %%A in ('findstr "^:::" "%~f0"') do (
set "ln=%%A"
setlocal enableDelayedExpansion
echo(!ln:~3!
endlocal
)
exit /b 0
)
setlocal
set "notDelayed=!"
setlocal disableDelayedExpansion
set "rtn="
for /f "delims=" %%A in ('cscript //E:JScript //nologo "%~f0" %*') do set "rtn=%%A"
if not defined rtn exit /b 1
if not defined notDelayed set "rtn=%rtn:^=^^%"
if not defined notDelayed set "rtn=%rtn:!=^!%"
if not defined notDelayed (set "!=!==!") else set "!="
for %%A in ("%rtn%") do (
endlocal
endlocal
if "%~2" equ "" (echo %%~A%!%) else set "%~2=%%~A"!
)
exit /b 0
************ JScript portion ***********/
var env=WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell").Environment("Process");
var fso=WScript.CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject");
var app=WScript.CreateObject("Shell.Application");
var inPath=env(WScript.Arguments.Item(0));
var folder="";
var f;
if (fso.FileExists(inPath)) {
f=fso.GetFile(inPath);
}
else if (fso.FolderExists(inPath)) {
folder="\\"
f=fso.GetFolder(inPath);
if (f.IsRootFolder) {
WScript.StdOut.WriteLine(f.Path);
WScript.Quit(0);
}
}
else {
WScript.StdErr.WriteLine('ERROR: Invalid path');
WScript.Quit(1);
}
WScript.StdOut.WriteLine( app.NameSpace(f.ParentFolder.Path).ParseName(f.Name).Path + folder);
SET my_file=%~f2这个怎么样？ - Vlastimil Ovčáčík