Django AWS S3动态定义上传文件路径和文件翻译

Question

在我的Django应用程序中，我希望在保存到AWS S3时动态定义上传路径和文件。目前我能够直接将文件保存到S3，但是我想自己设置路径和文件名。

例如，上传时我希望它在S3路径bucketname\employeeid\file_randomnumber.png中。

我该如何做到这样呢？

以下是我的代码：

https://gitlab.com/firdausmah/railercom/blob/master/railercomapp/api.py

@api_view(['POST'])
def update_employee_image(request):
    # ----- YAML below for Swagger -----
    """
    description: update employee image.
    parameters:
      - name: employee_id
        type: integer
        required: true
        location: form
      - name: face_image
        type: file
        required: true
        location: form
    """
    parser_classes = (FileUploadParser,)
    employee_id = request.POST['employee_id']
    face_image_obj = request.data['face_image']

    employee = Employee.objects.get(id = employee_id)
    logging.debug(f"API employee username {employee.username}")
    #employee.face_image = face_image_obj
    employee.upload = face_image_obj <--- here is where it assign the file to S3
    employee.save()
    return Response("Employee Updated!", status=status.HTTP_200_OK)

https://gitlab.com/firdausmah/railercom/blob/master/railercomapp/models.py

class Employee(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='employee')
    company = models.ForeignKey(Company)
    username = models.CharField(max_length=30, blank=False)
    upload = models.FileField(blank=True) <--- S3 field

https://gitlab.com/firdausmah/railercom/blob/master/railercom/settings.py（AWS设置）

AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID = config('AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID')
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = config('AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY')
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME = config('AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME')
AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN = '%s.s3.amazonaws.com' % AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME
AWS_S3_OBJECT_PARAMETERS = {
    'CacheControl': 'max-age=86400',
}

DEFAULT_FILE_STORAGE = 'railercomapp.storage_backends.MediaStorage'

https://gitlab.com/firdausmah/railercom/blob/master/railercomapp/storage_backends.py 导入 S3Boto3Storage 类，来自于 storages.backends.s3boto3 模块。

class MediaStorage(S3Boto3Storage):
    location = 'media/yy'
    file_overwrite = False

我已经基于https://simpleisbetterthancomplex.com/tutorial/2017/08/01/how-to-setup-amazon-s3-in-a-django-project.html的解决方案来实现我的Django AWS S3。

- Axil

Answer 1

您可以重写存储get_available_name方法。

以下是示例。请进行修改以获取所需的精确文件名方案。

class MediaStorage(S3Boto3Storage):
    location = 'media/yy'
    file_overwrite = False

    def get_available_name(self, name, max_length=None):
        custom_name = f'/employeeid/{name}_randomnumber.png'
        return super().get_available_name(custom_name, max_length)

文件： 编写自定义存储系统

- Håken Lid

---

谢谢，我不太清楚如何使用这个。我知道get_available_name是从Model的参数中获取的。但是我该如何将这些信息从API传递过去呢？例如，在文件上传时，我希望API能够定义员工ID目录并为文件创建一个随机名称。 - undefined