我正在开发一个跨平台的性能测试套件,并希望在每次测试报告中添加有关计算机CPU(架构/时钟速度/核心数)和RAM(总量)的信息。目前,我需要针对Windows和Unix两个平台获取这些信息,有什么方法可以获得吗?
编辑:感谢大家提供的答案,现在我已经获得了CPU架构、CPU核心数和总内存,但是我仍然缺少CPU时钟速度的信息。对于这个问题有什么想法吗?
我正在开发一个跨平台的性能测试套件,并希望在每次测试报告中添加有关计算机CPU(架构/时钟速度/核心数)和RAM(总量)的信息。目前,我需要针对Windows和Unix两个平台获取这些信息,有什么方法可以获得吗?
编辑:感谢大家提供的答案,现在我已经获得了CPU架构、CPU核心数和总内存,但是我仍然缺少CPU时钟速度的信息。对于这个问题有什么想法吗?
下面是一种在Windows机器上获取所需信息的方法。我从一个实际项目中复制并粘贴了它,并进行了一些小修改,所以请随意清理它以使其更易理解。
int CPUInfo[4] = {-1};
unsigned nExIds, i = 0;
char CPUBrandString[0x40];
// Get the information associated with each extended ID.
__cpuid(CPUInfo, 0x80000000);
nExIds = CPUInfo[0];
for (i=0x80000000; i<=nExIds; ++i)
{
__cpuid(CPUInfo, i);
// Interpret CPU brand string
if (i == 0x80000002)
memcpy(CPUBrandString, CPUInfo, sizeof(CPUInfo));
else if (i == 0x80000003)
memcpy(CPUBrandString + 16, CPUInfo, sizeof(CPUInfo));
else if (i == 0x80000004)
memcpy(CPUBrandString + 32, CPUInfo, sizeof(CPUInfo));
}
//string includes manufacturer, model and clockspeed
cout << "CPU Type: " << CPUBrandString << endl;
SYSTEM_INFO sysInfo;
GetSystemInfo(&sysInfo);
cout << "Number of Cores: " << sysInfo.dwNumberOfProcessors << endl;
MEMORYSTATUSEX statex;
statex.dwLength = sizeof (statex);
GlobalMemoryStatusEx(&statex);
cout << "Total System Memory: " << (statex.ullTotalPhys/1024)/1024 << "MB" << endl;
更多信息请查看GetSystemInfo、GlobalMemoryStatusEx和__cpuid。虽然我没有包含它,但你也可以通过GetSystemInfo函数确定操作系统是32位还是64位。
很抱歉来晚了,但这是我的贡献。 我尝试采用更现代的C++方法。
#include <intrin.h> // NOTE this header is MSVC specific!
#include <string>
#include <array>
std::string GetCpuInfo()
{
// 4 is essentially hardcoded due to the __cpuid function requirements.
// NOTE: Results are limited to whatever the sizeof(int) * 4 is...
std::array<int, 4> integerBuffer = {};
constexpr size_t sizeofIntegerBuffer = sizeof(int) * integerBuffer.size();
std::array<char, 64> charBuffer = {};
// The information you wanna query __cpuid for.
// https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/intrinsics/cpuid-cpuidex?view=vs-2019
constexpr std::array<int, 3> functionIds = {
// Manufacturer
// EX: "Intel(R) Core(TM"
0x8000'0002,
// Model
// EX: ") i7-8700K CPU @"
0x8000'0003,
// Clockspeed
// EX: " 3.70GHz"
0x8000'0004
};
std::string cpu;
for (int id : functionIds)
{
// Get the data for the current ID.
__cpuid(integerBuffer.data(), id);
// Copy the raw data from the integer buffer into the character buffer
std::memcpy(charBuffer.data(), integerBuffer.data(), sizeofIntegerBuffer);
// Copy that data into a std::string
cpu += std::string(charBuffer.data());
}
return cpu;
}
以下是该函数对我的结果:"Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8700K CPU @ 3.70GHz"
老实说,这样的东西没有被标准化真的很恼人...
对于使用GCC的Linux,您可以像在Windows上一样使用非常相似的解决方案。您需要包括<cpuid.h>
并根据此处修改__cpuid()
方法的输入。
#include <cpuid.h>
char CPUBrandString[0x40];
unsigned int CPUInfo[4] = {0,0,0,0};
__cpuid(0x80000000, CPUInfo[0], CPUInfo[1], CPUInfo[2], CPUInfo[3]);
unsigned int nExIds = CPUInfo[0];
memset(CPUBrandString, 0, sizeof(CPUBrandString));
for (unsigned int i = 0x80000000; i <= nExIds; ++i)
{
__cpuid(i, CPUInfo[0], CPUInfo[1], CPUInfo[2], CPUInfo[3]);
if (i == 0x80000002)
memcpy(CPUBrandString, CPUInfo, sizeof(CPUInfo));
else if (i == 0x80000003)
memcpy(CPUBrandString + 16, CPUInfo, sizeof(CPUInfo));
else if (i == 0x80000004)
memcpy(CPUBrandString + 32, CPUInfo, sizeof(CPUInfo));
}
cout << "CPU Type: " << CPUBrandString << endl;
在Windows中确定CPU时钟速度的方法:
double CPUSpeed()
{
wchar_t Buffer[_MAX_PATH];
DWORD BufSize = _MAX_PATH;
DWORD dwMHz = _MAX_PATH;
HKEY hKey;
// open the key where the proc speed is hidden:
long lError = RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
L"HARDWARE\\DESCRIPTION\\System\\CentralProcessor\\0",
0,
KEY_READ,
&hKey);
if(lError != ERROR_SUCCESS)
{// if the key is not found, tell the user why:
FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM,
NULL,
lError,
0,
Buffer,
_MAX_PATH,
0);
wprintf(Buffer);
return 0;
}
// query the key:
RegQueryValueEx(hKey, L"~MHz", NULL, NULL, (LPBYTE) &dwMHz, &BufSize);
return (double)dwMHz;
}
CPU很容易。使用cpuid
指令即可。我会让其他帖子的作者找到一种便携式的方法来确定系统有多少RAM。 :-)
对于Linux特定的方法,您可以访问/proc/meminfo
(如果您不想解析cpuid
响应,则可以访问/proc/cpuinfo
)。
#include <cpuid.h> // GCC-provided
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
int main(void) {
uint32_t brand[12];
if (!__get_cpuid_max(0x80000004, NULL)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Feature not implemented.");
return 2;
}
__get_cpuid(0x80000002, brand+0x0, brand+0x1, brand+0x2, brand+0x3);
__get_cpuid(0x80000003, brand+0x4, brand+0x5, brand+0x6, brand+0x7);
__get_cpuid(0x80000004, brand+0x8, brand+0x9, brand+0xa, brand+0xb);
printf("Brand: %s\n", brand);
}
std::string CPUBrandString;
CPUBrandString.resize(49);
uint *CPUInfo = reinterpret_cast<uint*>(CPUBrandString.data());
for (uint i=0; i<3; i++)
__cpuid(0x80000002+i, CPUInfo[i*4+0], CPUInfo[i*4+1], CPUInfo[i*4+2], CPUInfo[i*4+3]);
CPUBrandString.assign(CPUBrandString.data()); // correct null terminator
std::cout << CPUBrandString << std::endl;
楼主想要一个在Windows和Linux之间可移植的CPU时钟速度计算程序。这里是:
#ifdef WIN32
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>
typedef unsigned __int64 usCount;
static usCount GetUsCount()
{
static LARGE_INTEGER ticksPerSec;
static double scalefactor;
LARGE_INTEGER val;
if(!scalefactor)
{
if(QueryPerformanceFrequency(&ticksPerSec))
scalefactor=ticksPerSec.QuadPart/1000000000000.0;
else
scalefactor=1;
}
if(!QueryPerformanceCounter(&val))
return (usCount) GetTickCount() * 1000000000;
return (usCount) (val.QuadPart/scalefactor);
}
#else
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sched.h>
typedef unsigned long long usCount;
static usCount GetUsCount()
{
#ifdef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
struct timespec ts;
clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
return ((usCount) ts.tv_sec*1000000000000LL)+ts.tv_nsec*1000LL;
#else
struct timeval tv;
gettimeofday(&tv, 0);
return ((usCount) tv.tv_sec*1000000000000LL)+tv.tv_usec*1000000LL;
#endif
}
#endif
static usCount usCountOverhead, CPUClockSpeed;
#ifdef __GNUC__
#include "x86intrin.h"
#define __rdtsc() __builtin_ia32_rdtsc()
#endif
static usCount GetClockSpeed()
{
int n;
usCount start, end, start_tsc, end_tsc;
if(!usCountOverhead)
{
usCount foo=0;
start=GetUsCount();
for(n=0; n<1000000; n++)
{
foo+=GetUsCount();
}
end=GetUsCount();
usCountOverhead=(end-start)/n;
}
start=GetUsCount();
start_tsc=__rdtsc();
for(n=0; n<1000; n++)
#ifdef WIN32
Sleep(0);
#else
sched_yield();
#endif
end_tsc=__rdtsc();
end=GetUsCount();
return (usCount)((1000000000000.0*(end_tsc-start_tsc))/(end-start-usCountOverhead));
}
显然,这仅适用于x86 / x64,并且依赖于TSC以与CPU相同的速度计数。如果您进行了奇怪的超频操作,例如在我的电脑上,我超频FSB但降低倍频器以保持核心时钟在规格上,因此TSC将计算FSB乘以最大倍频器,这太快了。
为了获得最佳结果,在运行GetClockSpeed()之前,建议您运行反SpeedStep循环,例如
usCount start;
start=GetUsCount();
while(GetUsCount()-start<3000000000000ULL);
CPUClockSpeed=GetClockSpeed();
Niall
prtconf | grep Memory
-针对中央处理器
psrinfo -v | grep MHz