有没有办法在PowerShell中复制一个非常大的文件(从一个服务器到另一个服务器)并显示进度?
有一些解决方案可以使用Write-Progress与循环结合使用来复制多个文件并显示进度。 但是,我似乎找不到任何可以显示单个文件进度的东西。
有什么想法吗?
有没有办法在PowerShell中复制一个非常大的文件(从一个服务器到另一个服务器)并显示进度?
有一些解决方案可以使用Write-Progress与循环结合使用来复制多个文件并显示进度。 但是,我似乎找不到任何可以显示单个文件进度的东西。
有什么想法吗?
似乎更好的解决方案是使用BitsTransfer,它似乎在大多数安装有PowerShell 2.0或更高版本的Windows机器上默认安装。
Import-Module BitsTransfer
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $Source -Destination $Destination -Description "Backup" -DisplayName "Backup"
我没有听说过 Copy-Item
有什么进展。如果您不想使用任何外部工具,可以尝试使用流进行实验。缓冲区的大小是不同的,您可以尝试不同的值(从2kb到64kb)。
function Copy-File {
param( [string]$from, [string]$to)
$ffile = [io.file]::OpenRead($from)
$tofile = [io.file]::OpenWrite($to)
Write-Progress -Activity "Copying file" -status "$from -> $to" -PercentComplete 0
try {
[byte[]]$buff = new-object byte[] 4096
[long]$total = [int]$count = 0
do {
$count = $ffile.Read($buff, 0, $buff.Length)
$tofile.Write($buff, 0, $count)
$total += $count
if ($total % 1mb -eq 0) {
Write-Progress -Activity "Copying file" -status "$from -> $to" `
-PercentComplete ([long]($total * 100 / $ffile.Length))
}
} while ($count -gt 0)
}
finally {
$ffile.Dispose()
$tofile.Dispose()
Write-Progress -Activity "Copying file" -Status "Ready" -Completed
}
}
或者,该选项使用本机Windows进度条...
$FOF_CREATEPROGRESSDLG = "&H0&"
$objShell = New-Object -ComObject "Shell.Application"
$objFolder = $objShell.NameSpace($DestLocation)
$objFolder.CopyHere($srcFile, $FOF_CREATEPROGRESSDLG)
$objFolder.CopyHere($srcFile, 16)
。 - R.cmd /c copy /z src dest
虽然不是纯的PowerShell,但可以在PowerShell中执行,并以百分比显示进度。
我修改了来自stej的代码(非常棒,正是我需要的!)以使用更大的缓冲区,[long]用于更大的文件,并使用System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch类跟踪经过的时间并估计剩余时间。
同时添加了在传输期间报告传输速率和输出总耗时和总传输速率。
使用4MB(4096 * 1024字节)的缓冲区可实现从NAS到笔记本电脑上的USB存储设备的wifi传输带宽优于Win7本机传输速度。
待办事项:
欢迎使用/改进 :-)
function Copy-File {
param( [string]$from, [string]$to)
$ffile = [io.file]::OpenRead($from)
$tofile = [io.file]::OpenWrite($to)
Write-Progress `
-Activity "Copying file" `
-status ($from.Split("\")|select -last 1) `
-PercentComplete 0
try {
$sw = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew();
[byte[]]$buff = new-object byte[] (4096*1024)
[long]$total = [long]$count = 0
do {
$count = $ffile.Read($buff, 0, $buff.Length)
$tofile.Write($buff, 0, $count)
$total += $count
[int]$pctcomp = ([int]($total/$ffile.Length* 100));
[int]$secselapsed = [int]($sw.elapsedmilliseconds.ToString())/1000;
if ( $secselapsed -ne 0 ) {
[single]$xferrate = (($total/$secselapsed)/1mb);
} else {
[single]$xferrate = 0.0
}
if ($total % 1mb -eq 0) {
if($pctcomp -gt 0)`
{[int]$secsleft = ((($secselapsed/$pctcomp)* 100)-$secselapsed);
} else {
[int]$secsleft = 0};
Write-Progress `
-Activity ($pctcomp.ToString() + "% Copying file @ " + "{0:n2}" -f $xferrate + " MB/s")`
-status ($from.Split("\")|select -last 1) `
-PercentComplete $pctcomp `
-SecondsRemaining $secsleft;
}
} while ($count -gt 0)
$sw.Stop();
$sw.Reset();
}
finally {
write-host (($from.Split("\")|select -last 1) + `
" copied in " + $secselapsed + " seconds at " + `
"{0:n2}" -f [int](($ffile.length/$secselapsed)/1mb) + " MB/s.");
$ffile.Close();
$tofile.Close();
}
}
[io.file]::OpenWrite($to)
替换为 [io.file]::Create($to)
,否则它将无法正确地覆盖文件。 - Scott Chamberlain::OpenWrite
方法从未出现过任何覆盖失败,但如果有的话,我会记住这一点。 - Graham Gold我不知道有没有这样的功能。无论如何,我不建议使用copy-item命令来完成此操作。我认为它并没有像robocopy.exe一样被设计成强大且支持重试的工具,而对于需要在网络上复制大型文件的情况,你肯定需要这样的工具。
不想成为推动旧话题的人,但是我发现这篇文章非常有用。在对 stej 的代码片段及其由Graham Gold改进和Nacht提出的BITS建议进行性能测试之后,我决定:
面对这两个选择...我发现 Start-BitsTransfer 支持异步模式。因此,这就是我将两者合并的结果。
function Copy-File {
# ref: https://dev59.com/uXE95IYBdhLWcg3wJKl_#55527732
param([string]$From, [string]$To)
try {
$job = Start-BitsTransfer -Source $From -Destination $To `
-Description "Moving: $From => $To" `
-DisplayName "Backup" -Asynchronous
# Start stopwatch
$sw = [System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew()
Write-Progress -Activity "Connecting..."
while ($job.JobState.ToString() -ne "Transferred") {
switch ($job.JobState.ToString()) {
"Connecting" {
break
}
"Transferring" {
$pctcomp = ($job.BytesTransferred / $job.BytesTotal) * 100
$elapsed = ($sw.elapsedmilliseconds.ToString()) / 1000
if ($elapsed -eq 0) {
$xferrate = 0.0
}
else {
$xferrate = (($job.BytesTransferred / $elapsed) / 1mb);
}
if ($job.BytesTransferred % 1mb -eq 0) {
if ($pctcomp -gt 0) {
$secsleft = ((($elapsed / $pctcomp) * 100) - $elapsed)
}
else {
$secsleft = 0
}
Write-Progress -Activity ("Copying file '" + ($From.Split("\") | Select-Object -last 1) + "' @ " + "{0:n2}" -f $xferrate + "MB/s") `
-PercentComplete $pctcomp `
-SecondsRemaining $secsleft
}
break
}
"Transferred" {
break
}
Default {
throw $job.JobState.ToString() + " unexpected BITS state."
}
}
}
$sw.Stop()
$sw.Reset()
}
finally {
Complete-BitsTransfer -BitsJob $job
Write-Progress -Activity "Completed" -Completed
}
}
function Copy-ItemWithProgress
{
<#
.SYNOPSIS
RoboCopy with PowerShell progress.
.DESCRIPTION
Performs file copy with RoboCopy. Output from RoboCopy is captured,
parsed, and returned as Powershell native status and progress.
.PARAMETER Source
Directory to copy files from, this should not contain trailing slashes
.PARAMETER Destination
DIrectory to copy files to, this should not contain trailing slahes
.PARAMETER FilesToCopy
A wildcard expresion of which files to copy, defaults to *.*
.PARAMETER RobocopyArgs
List of arguments passed directly to Robocopy.
Must not conflict with defaults: /ndl /TEE /Bytes /NC /nfl /Log
.PARAMETER ProgressID
When specified (>=0) will use this identifier for the progress bar
.PARAMETER ParentProgressID
When specified (>= 0) will use this identifier as the parent ID for progress bars
so that they appear nested which allows for usage in more complex scripts.
.OUTPUTS
Returns an object with the status of final copy.
REMINDER: Any error level below 8 can be considered a success by RoboCopy.
.EXAMPLE
C:\PS> .\Copy-ItemWithProgress c:\Src d:\Dest
Copy the contents of the c:\Src directory to a directory d:\Dest
Without the /e or /mir switch, only files from the root of c:\src are copied.
.EXAMPLE
C:\PS> .\Copy-ItemWithProgress '"c:\Src Files"' d:\Dest /mir /xf *.log -Verbose
Copy the contents of the 'c:\Name with Space' directory to a directory d:\Dest
/mir and /XF parameters are passed to robocopy, and script is run verbose
.LINK
https://keithga.wordpress.com/2014/06/23/copy-itemwithprogress
.NOTES
By Keith S. Garner (KeithGa@KeithGa.com) - 6/23/2014
With inspiration by Trevor Sullivan @pcgeek86
Tweaked by Justin Marshall - 02/20/2020
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
[string]$Source,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
[string]$Destination,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)]
[string]$FilesToCopy="*.*",
[Parameter(Mandatory = $true,ValueFromRemainingArguments=$true)]
[string[]] $RobocopyArgs,
[int]$ParentProgressID=-1,
[int]$ProgressID=-1
)
#handle spaces and trailing slashes
$SourceDir = '"{0}"' -f ($Source -replace "\\+$","")
$TargetDir = '"{0}"' -f ($Destination -replace "\\+$","")
$ScanLog = [IO.Path]::GetTempFileName()
$RoboLog = [IO.Path]::GetTempFileName()
$ScanArgs = @($SourceDir,$TargetDir,$FilesToCopy) + $RobocopyArgs + "/ndl /TEE /bytes /Log:$ScanLog /nfl /L".Split(" ")
$RoboArgs = @($SourceDir,$TargetDir,$FilesToCopy) + $RobocopyArgs + "/ndl /TEE /bytes /Log:$RoboLog /NC".Split(" ")
# Launch Robocopy Processes
write-verbose ("Robocopy Scan:`n" + ($ScanArgs -join " "))
write-verbose ("Robocopy Full:`n" + ($RoboArgs -join " "))
$ScanRun = start-process robocopy -PassThru -WindowStyle Hidden -ArgumentList $ScanArgs
try
{
$RoboRun = start-process robocopy -PassThru -WindowStyle Hidden -ArgumentList $RoboArgs
try
{
# Parse Robocopy "Scan" pass
$ScanRun.WaitForExit()
$LogData = get-content $ScanLog
if ($ScanRun.ExitCode -ge 8)
{
$LogData|out-string|Write-Error
throw "Robocopy $($ScanRun.ExitCode)"
}
$FileSize = [regex]::Match($LogData[-4],".+:\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+)").Groups[2].Value
write-verbose ("Robocopy Bytes: $FileSize `n" +($LogData -join "`n"))
#determine progress parameters
$ProgressParms=@{}
if ($ParentProgressID -ge 0) {
$ProgressParms['ParentID']=$ParentProgressID
}
if ($ProgressID -ge 0) {
$ProgressParms['ID']=$ProgressID
} else {
$ProgressParms['ID']=$RoboRun.Id
}
# Monitor Full RoboCopy
while (!$RoboRun.HasExited)
{
$LogData = get-content $RoboLog
$Files = $LogData -match "^\s*(\d+)\s+(\S+)"
if ($null -ne $Files )
{
$copied = ($Files[0..($Files.Length-2)] | ForEach-Object {$_.Split("`t")[-2]} | Measure-Object -sum).Sum
if ($LogData[-1] -match "(100|\d?\d\.\d)\%")
{
write-progress Copy -ParentID $ProgressParms['ID'] -percentComplete $LogData[-1].Trim("% `t") $LogData[-1]
$Copied += $Files[-1].Split("`t")[-2] /100 * ($LogData[-1].Trim("% `t"))
}
else
{
write-progress Copy -ParentID $ProgressParms['ID'] -Complete
}
write-progress ROBOCOPY -PercentComplete ($Copied/$FileSize*100) $Files[-1].Split("`t")[-1] @ProgressParms
}
}
} finally {
if (!$RoboRun.HasExited) {Write-Warning "Terminating copy process with ID $($RoboRun.Id)..."; $RoboRun.Kill() ; }
$RoboRun.WaitForExit()
# Parse full RoboCopy pass results, and cleanup
(get-content $RoboLog)[-11..-2] | out-string | Write-Verbose
remove-item $RoboLog
write-output ([PSCustomObject]@{ ExitCode = $RoboRun.ExitCode })
}
} finally {
if (!$ScanRun.HasExited) {Write-Warning "Terminating scan process with ID $($ScanRun.Id)..."; $ScanRun.Kill() }
$ScanRun.WaitForExit()
remove-item $ScanLog
}
}
Function Copy-FilesBitsTransfer(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][String]$sourcePath,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][String]$destinationPath,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][bool]$createRootDirectory = $true)
{
$item = Get-Item $sourcePath
$itemName = Split-Path $sourcePath -leaf
if (!$item.PSIsContainer){ #Item Is a file
$clientFileTime = Get-Item $sourcePath | select LastWriteTime -ExpandProperty LastWriteTime
if (!(Test-Path -Path $destinationPath\$itemName)){
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $sourcePath -Destination $destinationPath -Description "$sourcePath >> $destinationPath" -DisplayName "Copy Template file" -Confirm:$false
if (!$?){
return $false
}
}
else{
$serverFileTime = Get-Item $destinationPath\$itemName | select LastWriteTime -ExpandProperty LastWriteTime
if ($serverFileTime -lt $clientFileTime)
{
Start-BitsTransfer -Source $sourcePath -Destination $destinationPath -Description "$sourcePath >> $destinationPath" -DisplayName "Copy Template file" -Confirm:$false
if (!$?){
return $false
}
}
}
}
else{ #Item Is a directory
if ($createRootDirectory){
$destinationPath = "$destinationPath\$itemName"
if (!(Test-Path -Path $destinationPath -PathType Container)){
if (Test-Path -Path $destinationPath -PathType Leaf){ #In case item is a file, delete it.
Remove-Item -Path $destinationPath
}
New-Item -ItemType Directory $destinationPath | Out-Null
if (!$?){
return $false
}
}
}
Foreach ($fileOrDirectory in (Get-Item -Path "$sourcePath\*"))
{
$status = Copy-FilesBitsTransfer $fileOrDirectory $destinationPath $true
if (!$status){
return $false
}
}
}
return $true
}
来自Hey, Scripting Guy! 博客的Sean Kearney提供了一个我发现非常好用的解决方案。
Function Copy-WithProgress
{
[CmdletBinding()]
Param
(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,
ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true,
Position=0)]
$Source,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,
ValueFromPipelineByPropertyName=$true,
Position=0)]
$Destination
)
$Source=$Source.tolower()
$Filelist=Get-Childitem "$Source" –Recurse
$Total=$Filelist.count
$Position=0
foreach ($File in $Filelist)
{
$Filename=$File.Fullname.tolower().replace($Source,'')
$DestinationFile=($Destination+$Filename)
Write-Progress -Activity "Copying data from '$source' to '$Destination'" -Status "Copying File $Filename" -PercentComplete (($Position/$total)*100)
Copy-Item $File.FullName -Destination $DestinationFile
$Position++
}
}
Copy-WithProgress -Source $src -Destination $dest
$Filelist
中复制的文件数量,而问题是要求报告复制单个文件的进度(即迄今为止复制的字节/块数)。如果使用此代码复制单个大文件,则无法指示复制操作在该文件内进行了多少进度。从问题正文中:“有解决方案可以使用Write-Progress与循环结合使用来复制多个文件并显示进度。但是我似乎找不到任何可以显示单个文件进度的东西。” - Lance U. Matthews