使用Docker安装了Pillow，但Django找不到它

Question

你好，我正在遵循这个教程教程链接。一切都正常工作，但是当我运行下面的命令时，它会提示找不到pillow，但是pillow已经安装了。

这是错误信息：

employee.Employee.image: (fields.E210) Cannot use ImageField because Pillow is not installed.
    HINT: Get Pillow at https://pypi.org/project/Pillow/ or run command "python -m pip install Pillow".
students.Student.image: (fields.E210) Cannot use ImageField because Pillow is not installed.
    HINT: Get Pillow at https://pypi.org/project/Pillow/ or run command "python -m pip install Pillow".

然后我再次尝试使用以下命令进行安装：

docker-compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml exec app python -m pip install Pillow

它说pillow已经安装好了。

Requirement already satisfied: Pillow in /usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages (6.2.1)

这是我的 Docker 文件

###########
# BUILDER #
###########

# pull official base image
FROM python:3.8.3-alpine as builder

# set work directory
WORKDIR /usr/src/app

# set environment variables
ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE 1
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1

# install psycopg2 dependencies
RUN apk update \
    && apk add postgresql-dev gcc python3-dev zlib-dev jpeg-dev musl-dev


# lint
RUN pip install --upgrade pip
RUN pip install Pillow
COPY . .


# install dependencies
COPY ./requirements.txt .
RUN pip wheel --no-cache-dir --no-deps --wheel-dir /usr/src/app/wheels -r requirements.txt


#########
# FINAL #
#########

# pull official base image
FROM python:3.8.3-alpine

# create directory for the app user
RUN mkdir -p /home/app

# create the app user
RUN addgroup -S app && adduser -S app -G app

# create the appropriate directories
ENV HOME=/home/app
ENV APP_HOME=/home/app/web
RUN mkdir $APP_HOME
RUN mkdir $APP_HOME/staticfiles
RUN mkdir $APP_HOME/mediafiles
WORKDIR $APP_HOME

# install dependencies
RUN apk update && apk add libpq
COPY --from=builder /usr/src/app/wheels /wheels
COPY --from=builder /usr/src/app/requirements.txt .
RUN pip install --no-cache /wheels/*

# copy entrypoint-prod.sh
COPY ./entrypoint.prod.sh $APP_HOME

# copy project
COPY . $APP_HOME

# chown all the files to the app user
RUN chown -R app:app $APP_HOME

# change to the app user
USER app

# run entrypoint.prod.sh
ENTRYPOINT ["/home/app/web/entrypoint.prod.sh"]

请帮帮我。涉及到IT技术相关的内容。

- Mahmudul Hassan

Answer 1

将这两行添加到FINAl部分下面，就在RUN apk update && apk add libpq的下方。

# install pillow dependencies
RUN apk add --no-cache jpeg-dev zlib-dev
RUN apk add --no-cache --virtual .build-deps build-base linux-headers

这是因为BUILDER在创建镜像后会删除Pillow所需的依赖关系。在FINAL镜像中，Pillow可用，但其所需的依赖关系不可用。

- Basil C Sunny

Answer 2

请尝试使用以小写字母p开头的"pillow"。

- Andrey Borzenko

Answer 3

我遇到了同样的问题。 将这些依赖项添加到最终部分解决了这个问题。

# install pillow dependencies
RUN apk add --no-cache jpeg-dev zlib-dev \
    fribidi-dev \
    harfbuzz-dev \
    lcms2-dev \
    openjpeg-dev \
    tcl-dev \
    tiff-dev \
    tk-dev 

- Dmytro Zimin