我知道如何从一个进程中使用以下方法以管理员权限启动进程：
proc.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = true;
proc.StartInfo.Verb = "runas";
proc 是一个 System.Diagnostics.Process。但是如何进行相反的操作呢？
如果你运行的进程已经被提升了权限，那么如何在没有管理员权限的情况下启动新进程？更准确地说，我们需要以与 Windows Explorer 相同的权限级别启动新进程，因此如果 UAC 被禁用，则不需要更改权限级别，但如果 UAC 启用且我们的进程正在以提升的方式运行，则需要执行某些未提升的操作，因为我们正在创建虚拟驱动器，如果使用提升的权限创建，并且 Windows Explorer 正在以未提升的方式运行，则不会显示它。
随意更改标题以得到更好的描述，我想不出更好的描述了。
对您的解决方案是使用EXPLORER.exe进程。
这个想法是在未提升的模式下运行进程，使用Windows的文件浏览器进程explorer.exe (信息)。
假设我们要启动的进程位于$TEMP\MyUnElevatedProcess.exe中。
因此，对于NSIS代码，我只需编写如下内容：（但可以用任何语言运行）
Exec '"$WINDIR\explorer.exe" "$TEMP\MyUnElevatedProcess.exe"'
示例代码（使用 NSIS 安装程序）
Exec '"$WINDIR\explorer.exe" "$TEMP\MyUnElevatedProcess.exe"'
***代码源自http://mdb-blog.blogspot.com/2013/01/nsis-lunch-program-as-user-from-uac.html
!define MUI_FINISHPAGE_RUN "$WINDIR\explorer.exe"，第二行：!define MUI_FINISHPAGE_RUN_PARAMETERS "$TEMP\MyUnElevatedProcess.exe"。 - Uwe Keim$\"，例如：!define MUI_FINISHPAGE_RUN_PARAMETERS '$\"$TEMP\MyUnElevatedProcess.exe$\"'。 - Uwe Keim雷蒙德·陈在他的博客中解决了这个问题:
在GitHub上搜索C#版本的此代码，我在微软的Visual Studio Node.js工具库中找到了以下实现: SystemUtilities.cs (其中包含ExecuteProcessUnElevated函数)。
以防万一文件消失，这里是文件的内容:
// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All Rights Reserved. Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace Microsoft.NodejsTools.SharedProject
{
/// <summary>
/// Utility for accessing window IShell* interfaces in order to use them to launch a process unelevated
/// </summary>
internal class SystemUtility
{
/// <summary>
/// We are elevated and should launch the process unelevated. We can't create the
/// process directly without it becoming elevated. So to workaround this, we have
/// explorer do the process creation (explorer is typically running unelevated).
/// </summary>
internal static void ExecuteProcessUnElevated(string process, string args, string currentDirectory = "")
{
var shellWindows = (IShellWindows)new CShellWindows();
// Get the desktop window
object loc = CSIDL_Desktop;
object unused = new object();
int hwnd;
var serviceProvider = (IServiceProvider)shellWindows.FindWindowSW(ref loc, ref unused, SWC_DESKTOP, out hwnd, SWFO_NEEDDISPATCH);
// Get the shell browser
var serviceGuid = SID_STopLevelBrowser;
var interfaceGuid = typeof(IShellBrowser).GUID;
var shellBrowser = (IShellBrowser)serviceProvider.QueryService(ref serviceGuid, ref interfaceGuid);
// Get the shell dispatch
var dispatch = typeof(IDispatch).GUID;
var folderView = (IShellFolderViewDual)shellBrowser.QueryActiveShellView().GetItemObject(SVGIO_BACKGROUND, ref dispatch);
var shellDispatch = (IShellDispatch2)folderView.Application;
// Use the dispatch (which is unelevated) to launch the process for us
shellDispatch.ShellExecute(process, args, currentDirectory, string.Empty, SW_SHOWNORMAL);
}
/// <summary>
/// Interop definitions
/// </summary>
private const int CSIDL_Desktop = 0;
private const int SWC_DESKTOP = 8;
private const int SWFO_NEEDDISPATCH = 1;
private const int SW_SHOWNORMAL = 1;
private const int SVGIO_BACKGROUND = 0;
private readonly static Guid SID_STopLevelBrowser = new Guid("4C96BE40-915C-11CF-99D3-00AA004AE837");
[ComImport]
[Guid("9BA05972-F6A8-11CF-A442-00A0C90A8F39")]
[ClassInterfaceAttribute(ClassInterfaceType.None)]
private class CShellWindows
{
}
[ComImport]
[Guid("85CB6900-4D95-11CF-960C-0080C7F4EE85")]
[InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIDispatch)]
private interface IShellWindows
{
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.IDispatch)]
object FindWindowSW([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Struct)] ref object pvarloc, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Struct)] ref object pvarlocRoot, int swClass, out int pHWND, int swfwOptions);
}
[ComImport]
[Guid("6d5140c1-7436-11ce-8034-00aa006009fa")]
[InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IServiceProvider
{
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)]
object QueryService(ref Guid guidService, ref Guid riid);
}
[ComImport]
[Guid("000214E2-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
[InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IShellBrowser
{
void VTableGap01(); // GetWindow
void VTableGap02(); // ContextSensitiveHelp
void VTableGap03(); // InsertMenusSB
void VTableGap04(); // SetMenuSB
void VTableGap05(); // RemoveMenusSB
void VTableGap06(); // SetStatusTextSB
void VTableGap07(); // EnableModelessSB
void VTableGap08(); // TranslateAcceleratorSB
void VTableGap09(); // BrowseObject
void VTableGap10(); // GetViewStateStream
void VTableGap11(); // GetControlWindow
void VTableGap12(); // SendControlMsg
IShellView QueryActiveShellView();
}
[ComImport]
[Guid("000214E3-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
[InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
private interface IShellView
{
void VTableGap01(); // GetWindow
void VTableGap02(); // ContextSensitiveHelp
void VTableGap03(); // TranslateAcceleratorA
void VTableGap04(); // EnableModeless
void VTableGap05(); // UIActivate
void VTableGap06(); // Refresh
void VTableGap07(); // CreateViewWindow
void VTableGap08(); // DestroyViewWindow
void VTableGap09(); // GetCurrentInfo
void VTableGap10(); // AddPropertySheetPages
void VTableGap11(); // SaveViewState
void VTableGap12(); // SelectItem
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)]
object GetItemObject(UInt32 aspectOfView, ref Guid riid);
}
[ComImport]
[Guid("00020400-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
[InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIDispatch)]
private interface IDispatch
{
}
[ComImport]
[Guid("E7A1AF80-4D96-11CF-960C-0080C7F4EE85")]
[InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIDispatch)]
private interface IShellFolderViewDual
{
object Application { [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.IDispatch)] get; }
}
[ComImport]
[Guid("A4C6892C-3BA9-11D2-9DEA-00C04FB16162")]
[InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIDispatch)]
public interface IShellDispatch2
{
void ShellExecute([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.BStr)] string File, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Struct)] object vArgs, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Struct)] object vDir, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Struct)] object vOperation, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Struct)] object vShow);
}
}
}
public static class UnelevatedProcessStarter
{
public static void Start(string cmdArgs)
{
// 1. Get the shell
var shell = NativeMethods.GetShellWindow();
if (shell == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new Exception("Could not find shell window");
}
// 2. Copy the access token of the process
NativeMethods.GetWindowThreadProcessId(shell, out uint shellProcessId);
var hShellProcess = NativeMethods.OpenProcess(0x00000400 /* QueryInformation */, false, (int)shellProcessId);
if (!NativeMethods.OpenProcessToken(hShellProcess, 2 /* TOKEN_DUPLICATE */, out IntPtr hShellToken))
{
throw new Win32Exception();
}
// 3. Duplicate the acess token
uint tokenAccess = 8 /*TOKEN_QUERY*/ | 1 /*TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY*/ | 2 /*TOKEN_DUPLICATE*/ | 0x80 /*TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT*/ | 0x100 /*TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID*/;
var securityAttributes = new SecurityAttributes();
NativeMethods.DuplicateTokenEx(
hShellToken,
tokenAccess,
ref securityAttributes,
2 /* SecurityImpersonation */,
1 /* TokenPrimary */,
out IntPtr hToken);
// 4. Create a new process with the copied token
var si = new Startupinfo();
si.cb = Marshal.SizeOf(si);
if (!NativeMethods.CreateProcessWithTokenW(
hToken,
0x00000002 /* LogonNetcredentialsOnly */,
null,
cmdArgs,
0x00000010 /* CreateNewConsole */,
IntPtr.Zero,
null,
ref si,
out ProcessInformation _))
{
throw new Win32Exception();
}
}
public class NativeMethods
{
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetShellWindow();
[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern uint GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hWnd, out uint lpdwProcessId);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern IntPtr OpenProcess(int processAccess, bool bInheritHandle, int processId);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public static extern bool OpenProcessToken(IntPtr processHandle, UInt32 desiredAccess, out IntPtr tokenHandle);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool DuplicateTokenEx(IntPtr hExistingToken, uint dwDesiredAccess,
ref SecurityAttributes lpTokenAttributes,
int impersonationLevel,
int tokenType,
out IntPtr phNewToken);
[DllImport("advapi32", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
public static extern bool CreateProcessWithTokenW(
IntPtr hToken, int dwLogonFlags,
string lpApplicationName, string lpCommandLine,
int dwCreationFlags, IntPtr lpEnvironment,
string lpCurrentDirectory, [In] ref Startupinfo lpStartupInfo, out ProcessInformation lpProcessInformation);
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct ProcessInformation
{
public IntPtr hProcess;
public IntPtr hThread;
public int dwProcessId;
public int dwThreadId;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct SecurityAttributes
{
public int nLength;
public IntPtr lpSecurityDescriptor;
public int bInheritHandle;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
public struct Startupinfo
{
public Int32 cb;
public string lpReserved;
public string lpDesktop;
public string lpTitle;
public Int32 dwX;
public Int32 dwY;
public Int32 dwXSize;
public Int32 dwYSize;
public Int32 dwXCountChars;
public Int32 dwYCountChars;
public Int32 dwFillAttribute;
public Int32 dwFlags;
public Int16 wShowWindow;
public Int16 cbReserved2;
public IntPtr lpReserved2;
public IntPtr hStdInput;
public IntPtr hStdOutput;
public IntPtr hStdError;
}
}
基于@NtFreX的解决方案，我创建了另一个解决方案，它：
CreateProcessWithTokenW将失败，并显示错误代码1314-“客户端未持有所需特权”）和using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Security.Principal;
public static class UnelevatedProcessStarter
{
public static int Start(string cmdArgs)
{
// 1. Get the shell
var shell = NativeMethods.GetShellWindow();
if (shell == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new Exception("Could not find shell window");
}
// 2. Copy the access token of the process
uint shellProcessId;
NativeMethods.GetWindowThreadProcessId(shell, out shellProcessId);
var hShellProcess = NativeMethods.OpenProcess(0x00000400 /* QueryInformation */, false, (int)shellProcessId);
IntPtr hShellToken;
if (!NativeMethods.OpenProcessToken(hShellProcess, 2 /* TOKEN_DUPLICATE */, out hShellToken))
{
throw new Win32Exception();
}
// 3. Duplicate the access token
uint tokenAccess = 8 /*TOKEN_QUERY*/ | 1 /*TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY*/ | 2 /*TOKEN_DUPLICATE*/ | 0x80 /*TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT*/ | 0x100 /*TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID*/;
var securityAttributes = new SecurityAttributes();
IntPtr hToken;
if (!NativeMethods.DuplicateTokenEx(
hShellToken,
tokenAccess,
ref securityAttributes,
2 /* SecurityImpersonation */,
1 /* TokenPrimary */,
out hToken))
{
throw new Win32Exception();
}
// 4. Create a new process with the copied token
var si = new Startupinfo();
si.cb = Marshal.SizeOf(si);
ProcessInformation processInfo;
if (!NativeMethods.CreateProcessWithTokenW(
hToken,
0x00000002 /* LogonNetcredentialsOnly */,
null,
cmdArgs,
0x00000010 /* CreateNewConsole */,
IntPtr.Zero,
null,
ref si,
out processInfo))
{
// Can't do that when not elevated (see https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winbase/nf-winbase-createprocesswithtokenw)
// -> start the process as usual
if (Marshal.GetLastWin32Error() == 1314)
{
SecurityAttributes processSecurityAttributes = new SecurityAttributes();
SecurityAttributes threadSecurityAttributes = new SecurityAttributes();
if (!NativeMethods.CreateProcessAsUser(
IntPtr.Zero,
null,
cmdArgs,
ref processSecurityAttributes,
ref threadSecurityAttributes,
true,
0x00000010 /* CreateNewConsole */,
IntPtr.Zero,
null,
ref si,
out processInfo))
{
throw new Win32Exception();
}
}
else
{
throw new Win32Exception();
}
}
return processInfo.dwProcessId;
}
public class NativeMethods
{
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetShellWindow();
[DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern uint GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hWnd, out uint lpdwProcessId);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern IntPtr OpenProcess(int processAccess, bool bInheritHandle, int processId);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public static extern bool OpenProcessToken(IntPtr processHandle, UInt32 desiredAccess, out IntPtr tokenHandle);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool DuplicateTokenEx(IntPtr hExistingToken, uint dwDesiredAccess,
ref SecurityAttributes lpTokenAttributes,
int impersonationLevel,
int tokenType,
out IntPtr phNewToken);
[DllImport("advapi32", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
public static extern bool CreateProcessWithTokenW(
IntPtr hToken, int dwLogonFlags,
string lpApplicationName, string lpCommandLine,
int dwCreationFlags, IntPtr lpEnvironment,
string lpCurrentDirectory,
[In] ref Startupinfo lpStartupInfo,
out ProcessInformation lpProcessInformation);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError=true, CharSet=CharSet.Unicode)]
public static extern bool CreateProcessAsUser(
IntPtr hToken,
string lpApplicationName,
string lpCommandLine,
ref SecurityAttributes lpProcessAttributes,
ref SecurityAttributes lpThreadAttributes,
bool bInheritHandles,
uint dwCreationFlags,
IntPtr lpEnvironment,
string lpCurrentDirectory,
ref Startupinfo lpStartupInfo,
out ProcessInformation lpProcessInformation);
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct ProcessInformation
{
public IntPtr hProcess;
public IntPtr hThread;
public int dwProcessId;
public int dwThreadId;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct SecurityAttributes
{
public int nLength;
public IntPtr lpSecurityDescriptor;
public int bInheritHandle;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
public struct Startupinfo
{
public Int32 cb;
public string lpReserved;
public string lpDesktop;
public string lpTitle;
public Int32 dwX;
public Int32 dwY;
public Int32 dwXSize;
public Int32 dwYSize;
public Int32 dwXCountChars;
public Int32 dwYCountChars;
public Int32 dwFillAttribute;
public Int32 dwFlags;
public Int16 wShowWindow;
public Int16 cbReserved2;
public IntPtr lpReserved2;
public IntPtr hStdInput;
public IntPtr hStdOutput;
public IntPtr hStdError;
}
}
您可以使用ProcessStartInfo.UserName和ProcessStartInfo.Password来指定您希望进程在哪个账户下运行。
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var psi = new ProcessStartInfo(@"c:\windows\system32\whoami.exe");
var password = new SecureString();
password.AppendChar('s');
password.AppendChar('e');
password.AppendChar('c');
password.AppendChar('r');
password.AppendChar('e');
password.AppendChar('t');
psi.Password = password;
psi.UserName = "username";
psi.UseShellExecute = false;
psi.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
var p = new Process();
p.StartInfo = psi;
p.Start();
p.WaitForExit();
Console.WriteLine(p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd());
}
}