所以我不确定在哪里/如何实现这个方法来使我的服务在前台运行。目前，我通过在另一个活动中使用以下方式启动我的服务:
Intent i = new Intent(context, myService.class);
context.startService(i);
然后在我的服务（myServices）的onCreate()方法中，我尝试使用startForeground()...？
Notification notification = new Notification();
startForeground(1, notification);
所以，我有点迷失并且不确定如何实现这个。
我建议从完全填写Notification开始。这里有一个示例项目，演示了如何使用startForeground（）. 请点击此处链接。
从您的主活动中，使用以下代码启动服务：
Intent i = new Intent(context, MyService.class);
context.startService(i);
那么在您的onCreate()服务中，您将构建通知并将其设置为前台，如下所示：
然后在您的onCreate（）服务中，您将构建通知并将其设置为前台，如下所示：
Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
notificationIntent, 0);
Notification notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.app_icon)
.setContentTitle("My Awesome App")
.setContentText("Doing some work...")
.setContentIntent(pendingIntent).build();
startForeground(1337, notification);
最近的Android版本中，我遇到了一些问题，比如无效通道ID导致RemoteServiceException。这是我的解决方法：
活动：
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
val intent = Intent(this, BackgroundService::class.java)
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
startForegroundService(intent)
} else {
startService(intent)
}
}
后台服务：
override fun onCreate() {
super.onCreate()
startForeground()
}
private fun startForeground() {
val channelId =
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
createNotificationChannel()
} else {
// If earlier version channel ID is not used
// https://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/v4/app/NotificationCompat.Builder.html#NotificationCompat.Builder(android.content.Context)
""
}
val notificationBuilder = NotificationCompat.Builder(this, channelId )
val notification = notificationBuilder.setOngoing(true)
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
.setPriority(PRIORITY_MIN)
.setCategory(Notification.CATEGORY_SERVICE)
.build()
startForeground(101, notification)
}
@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
private fun createNotificationChannel(): String{
val channelId = "my_service"
val channelName = "My Background Service"
val chan = NotificationChannel(channelId,
channelName, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH)
chan.lightColor = Color.BLUE
chan.importance = NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_NONE
chan.lockscreenVisibility = Notification.VISIBILITY_PRIVATE
val service = getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager
service.createNotificationChannel(chan)
return channelId
}
JAVA对应的等效代码
public class YourService extends Service {
// Constants
private static final int ID_SERVICE = 101;
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
return START_STICKY;
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
// do stuff like register for BroadcastReceiver, etc.
// Create the Foreground Service
NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
String channelId = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O ? createNotificationChannel(notificationManager) : "";
NotificationCompat.Builder notificationBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, channelId);
Notification notification = notificationBuilder.setOngoing(true)
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
.setPriority(PRIORITY_MIN)
.setCategory(NotificationCompat.CATEGORY_SERVICE)
.build();
startForeground(ID_SERVICE, notification);
}
@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
private String createNotificationChannel(NotificationManager notificationManager){
String channelId = "my_service_channelid";
String channelName = "My Foreground Service";
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(channelId, channelName, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH);
// omitted the LED color
channel.setImportance(NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_NONE);
channel.setLockscreenVisibility(Notification.VISIBILITY_PRIVATE);
notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
return channelId;
}
}
ContextCompat.startForegroundService(Context,Intent)，它会自动执行正确的操作。(https://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/v4/content/ContextCompat.html) - Simon Featherstone.setCategory(NotificationCompat.CATEGORY_SERVICE)而不是Notification.CATEGORY_SERVICE。请注意，翻译过程中不会添加解释或其他内容。 - Someone SomewhereBuild.VERSION_CODES.P（API 级别 28）或更高版本的应用程序必须请求权限 Manifest.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE 才能使用 startForeground() 方法 - 详情请查看 https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Service.html#startForeground(int,%20android.app.Notification)。 - Vadim Kotov这是我设置服务前台的代码：
private void runAsForeground(){
Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(this, RecorderMainActivity.class);
PendingIntent pendingIntent=PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,
notificationIntent, Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
Notification notification=new NotificationCompat.Builder(this)
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
.setContentText(getString(R.string.isRecording))
.setContentIntent(pendingIntent).build();
startForeground(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);
}
我需要使用PendingIntent构建一个通知，以便可以从通知中启动我的主Activity。
要删除该通知，只需调用stopForeground(true);
该方法在onStartCommand()中调用。请参考我的代码：https://github.com/bearstand/greyparrot/blob/master/src/com/xiong/richard/greyparrot/Mp3Recorder.java
PendingIntent的上下文中，Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK无效。 - mixel除了 RAWA 的回答，这段代码也可以：
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
startForegroundService(intent)
} else {
startService(intent)
}
你可以更改为：
ContextCompat.startForegroundService(context, yourIntent);
那么你应该像这样覆盖onHandleIntent()
Override
protected void onHandleIntent(@Nullable Intent intent) {
startForeground(FOREGROUND_ID,getNotification()); //<-- Makes Foreground
// Do something
stopForeground(true); // <-- Makes it again a normal Service
}
简单。这里是getNotification()方法。
public Notification getNotification()
{
Intent intent = new Intent(this, SecondActivity.class);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,0,intent,0);
NotificationCompat.Builder foregroundNotification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
foregroundNotification.setOngoing(true);
foregroundNotification.setContentTitle("MY Foreground Notification")
.setContentText("This is the first foreground notification Peace")
.setSmallIcon(android.R.drawable.ic_btn_speak_now)
.setContentIntent(pendingIntent);
return foregroundNotification.build();
}
会发生以下情况
前台服务：
通过提供通知确保用户积极地意识到后台正在进行某些操作。
(最重要的)在系统内存不足时，不会被系统终止。
@Override
public void onCreate(){
super.onCreate();
.................................
.................................
//For creating the Foreground Service
NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
String channelId = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O ? getNotificationChannel(notificationManager) : "";
NotificationCompat.Builder notificationBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this, channelId);
Notification notification = notificationBuilder.setOngoing(true)
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
// .setPriority(PRIORITY_MIN)
.setCategory(NotificationCompat.CATEGORY_SERVICE)
.build();
startForeground(110, notification);
}
@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
private String getNotificationChannel(NotificationManager notificationManager){
String channelId = "channelid";
String channelName = getResources().getString(R.string.app_name);
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(channelId, channelName, NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH);
channel.setImportance(NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_NONE);
channel.setLockscreenVisibility(Notification.VISIBILITY_PRIVATE);
notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
return channelId;
}
在清单文件中添加此权限：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
使用startCommand处理服务的意图。
stopForeground(true)
val ACTION_STOP_SERVICE = "stop_service"
val NOTIFICATION_ID_SERVICE = 1
...
override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int {
super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId)
if (ACTION_STOP_SERVICE == intent.action) {
stopForeground(true)
stopSelf()
} else {
//Start your task
//Send forground notification that a service will run in background.
sendServiceNotification(this)
}
return Service.START_NOT_STICKY
}
当通过 stopSelf() 调用时，处理您的任务。
override fun onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy()
//Stop whatever you started
}
//This is from Util class so as not to cloud your service
fun sendServiceNotification(myService: Service) {
val notificationTitle = "Service running"
val notificationContent = "<My app> is using <service name> "
val actionButtonText = "Stop"
//Check android version and create channel for Android O and above
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
//You can do this on your own
//createNotificationChannel(CHANNEL_ID_SERVICE)
}
//Build notification
val notificationBuilder = NotificationCompat.Builder(applicationContext, CHANNEL_ID_SERVICE)
notificationBuilder.setAutoCancel(true)
.setDefaults(NotificationCompat.DEFAULT_ALL)
.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_location)
.setContentTitle(notificationTitle)
.setContentText(notificationContent)
.setVibrate(null)
//Add stop button on notification
val pStopSelf = createStopButtonIntent(myService)
notificationBuilder.addAction(R.drawable.ic_location, actionButtonText, pStopSelf)
//Build notification
val notificationManagerCompact = NotificationManagerCompat.from(applicationContext)
notificationManagerCompact.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_SERVICE, notificationBuilder.build())
val notification = notificationBuilder.build()
//Start notification in foreground to let user know which service is running.
myService.startForeground(NOTIFICATION_ID_SERVICE, notification)
//Send notification
notificationManagerCompact.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID_SERVICE, notification)
}
/**
* Function to create stop button intent to stop the service.
*/
private fun createStopButtonIntent(myService: Service): PendingIntent? {
val stopSelf = Intent(applicationContext, MyService::class.java)
stopSelf.action = ACTION_STOP_SERVICE
return PendingIntent.getService(myService, 0,
stopSelf, PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT)
}
startForegroundService()。该方法创建一个后台服务，但该方法向系统发出信号，表明服务将自我提升到前台。startForeground()方法。startForegroundService 方法。 - Andrii Kovalchukpublic class SocketService extends Service {
private String TAG = this.getClass().getSimpleName();
@Override
public void onCreate() {
Log.d(TAG, "Inside onCreate() API");
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26) {
NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
mBuilder.setContentTitle("Notification Alert, Click Me!");
mBuilder.setContentText("Hi, This is Android Notification Detail!");
NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
// notificationID allows you to update the notification later on.
mNotificationManager.notify(100, mBuilder.build());
startForeground(100, mBuilder.mNotification);
}
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "inside onCreate()", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent resultIntent, int resultCode, int startId) {
Log.d(TAG, "inside onStartCommand() API");
return startId;
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.d(TAG, "inside onDestroy() API");
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
}
然后要启动该服务，我触发了以下命令 -
adb -s " + serial_id + " shell am startforegroundservice -n com.test.socket.sample/.SocketService
的意思是启动一个名为 com.test.socket.sample/.SocketService 的前台服务，其中的 serial_id 为设备的序列号。这样可以帮助我在 Oreo 设备上启动服务而不需要活动 :)