我有一个路径，比如说 C:\temp\something.js ，我想在Windows中获取路径的大小写敏感版本 - 所以如果磁盘上存储了 C:\Temp\someThing.js ，我想获得这个值 (路径)。
如何在Node.js中从前一个路径获取后一个路径？
我已经查阅了FS API (https://nodejs.org/api/fs.html)，但是没有发现有用的内容（即fs.realpathSync、fs.statSync、fs.accessSync没有返回我需要的内容）。
大小写不敏感的文件系统平台（如Windows、macOS）使得获取给定路径的确切大小写形式变得异常困难，即使路径大小写可能有所不同 - 系统似乎没有相应的API，因此Node.js（或Python、Perl等环境）并不是罪魁祸首。
更新：@barsh很好心地将下面的代码打包起来供npm使用，因此您可以轻松安装它
npm install true-case-path。
glob npm包及其nocase选项在这里拯救了我们（尽管在Windows上需要进行一些调整）；基本上，将输入路径视为通配符 - 即使它是一个字面路径 - 使glob()返回存储在文件系统中的确切大小写：
在项目文件夹中安装glob包: npm install glob (根据需要添加--save或--save-dev).
使用下面的trueCasePathSync()函数; 请参阅注释以了解用法和限制; 特别地,尽管输入路径也被规范化，但以..开头的路径不受支持，因为path.normalize()不会相对于当前目录解析这些路径.
trueCasePathSync()不会返回规范路径：如果你传入一个相对路径，那么你也会得到一个相对输出路径，并且没有符号链接被解析。如果你想要规范路径，请将fs.realPathSync()应用于结果。应该可以在Windows、macOS和Linux上工作（虽然在区分大小写的文件系统上有限），经过了Node.js v4.1.1的测试。
/*
SYNOPSIS
trueCasePathSync(<fileSystemPath>)
DESCRIPTION
Given a possibly case-variant version of an existing filesystem path, returns
the case-exact, normalized version as stored in the filesystem.
Note: If the input path is a globbing *pattern* as defined by the 'glob' npm
package (see prerequisites below), only the 1st match, if any,
is returned.
Only a literal input path guarantees an unambiguous result.
If no matching path exists, undefined is returned.
On case-SENSITIVE filesystems, a match will also be found, but if case
variations of a given path exist, it is undefined which match is returned.
PLATFORMS
Windows, OSX, and Linux (though note the limitations with case-insensitive
filesystems).
LIMITATIONS
- Paths starting with './' are acceptable, but paths starting with '../'
are not - when in doubt, resolve with fs.realPathSync() first.
An initial '.' and *interior* '..' instances are normalized, but a relative
input path still results in a relative output path. If you want to ensure
an absolute output path, apply fs.realPathSync() to the result.
- On Windows, no attempt is made to case-correct the drive letter or UNC-share
component of the path.
- Unicode support:
- Be sure to use UTF8 source-code files (with a BOM on Windows)
- On OSX, the input path is automatically converted to NFD Unicode form
to match how the filesystem stores names, but note that the result will
invariably be NFD too (which makes no difference for ASCII-characters-only
names).
PREREQUISITES
npm install glob # see https://www.npmjs.com/search?q=glob
EXAMPLES
trueCasePathSync('/users/guest') // OSX: -> '/Users/Guest'
trueCasePathSync('c:\\users\\all users') // Windows: -> 'c:\Users\All Users'
*/
function trueCasePathSync(fsPath) {
var glob = require('glob')
var path = require('path')
// Normalize the path so as to resolve . and .. components.
// !! As of Node v4.1.1, a path starting with ../ is NOT resolved relative
// !! to the current dir, and glob.sync() below then fails.
// !! When in doubt, resolve with fs.realPathSync() *beforehand*.
var fsPathNormalized = path.normalize(fsPath)
// OSX: HFS+ stores filenames in NFD (decomposed normal form) Unicode format,
// so we must ensure that the input path is in that format first.
if (process.platform === 'darwin') fsPathNormalized = fsPathNormalized.normalize('NFD')
// !! Windows: Curiously, the drive component mustn't be part of a glob,
// !! otherwise glob.sync() will invariably match nothing.
// !! Thus, we remove the drive component and instead pass it in as the 'cwd'
// !! (working dir.) property below.
var pathRoot = path.parse(fsPathNormalized).root
var noDrivePath = fsPathNormalized.slice(Math.max(pathRoot.length - 1, 0))
// Perform case-insensitive globbing (on Windows, relative to the drive /
// network share) and return the 1st match, if any.
// Fortunately, glob() with nocase case-corrects the input even if it is
// a *literal* path.
return glob.sync(noDrivePath, { nocase: true, cwd: pathRoot })[0]
}
在Node 9及以后版本中，fs.realpathSync.native似乎可以解决问题。
__dirname助手时遇到了问题，我使用了const dirname = fileSystem.realpathSync.native(__dirname)，现在我得到了__dirname的正确区分大小写的值。 - Ionel Lupu/**
* @param {string} filePath
* @returns {string|undefined}
*/
function getRealPath(filePath) {
/** @type {number} */
var i;
/** @type {string} */
var dirname = path.dirname(filePath);
/** @type {string} */
var lowerFileName = path.basename(filePath).toLowerCase();
/** @type {Array.<string>} */
var fileNames = fs.readdirSync(dirname);
for (i = 0; i < fileNames.length; i += 1) {
if (fileNames[i].toLowerCase() === lowerFileName) {
return path.join(dirname, fileNames[i]);
}
}
}