我该如何在PHP中生成一个(伪)随机的字母数字字符串,例如:“d79jd8c”?
$characters = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789';
您还可以使用range()更快地完成此操作。
然后,在循环中,选择一个随机数字,并将其用作索引来获取随机字符的$characters
字符串,并将其附加到您的字符串中:
$string = '';
$max = strlen($characters) - 1;
for ($i = 0; $i < $random_string_length; $i++) {
$string .= $characters[mt_rand(0, $max)];
}
$random_string_length
是随机字符串的长度。
strlen()
并不好。将strlen($characters) - 1
赋值给一个变量,在循环外执行strlen
。虽然在这种情况下不是必要的,但这只是一种Mauvais ton。 - mintobit我喜欢这个函数来完成这项工作
function randomKey($length) {
$pool = array_merge(range(0,9), range('a', 'z'),range('A', 'Z'));
for($i=0; $i < $length; $i++) {
$key .= $pool[mt_rand(0, count($pool) - 1)];
}
return $key;
}
echo randomKey(20);
使用openssl_random_pseudo_bytes函数生成8字符长的加密强度随机字符串:
echo bin2hex(openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(4));
流程化方法:
function randomString(int $length): string
{
return bin2hex(openssl_random_pseudo_bytes($length));
}
更新:
PHP7引入了random_x()
函数,应该会更好。如果你来自PHP 5.X,请使用出色的paragonie/random_compat库,它是PHP 7的random_bytes()和random_int()的填充程序。
function randomString($length)
{
return bin2hex(random_bytes($length));
}
一行代码解决方案:
echo substr( str_shuffle( str_repeat( 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789', 10 ) ), 0, 7 );
我知道这是一篇老文章,但我想分享一个类,它基于Jeremy Ruten的答案并结合评论中的建议得到了改进:
class RandomString
{
private static $characters = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789';
private static $string;
private static $length = 8; //default random string length
public static function generate($length = null)
{
if($length){
self::$length = $length;
}
$characters_length = strlen(self::$characters) - 1;
for ($i = 0; $i < self::$length; $i++) {
self::$string .= self::$characters[mt_rand(0, $characters_length)];
}
return self::$string;
}
}
// range is numbers (48) through capital and lower case letters (122)
$range_start = 48;
$range_end = 122;
$random_string = "";
$random_string_length = 10;
for ($i = 0; $i < $random_string_length; $i++) {
$ascii_no = round( mt_rand( $range_start , $range_end ) ); // generates a number within the range
// finds the character represented by $ascii_no and adds it to the random string
// study **chr** function for a better understanding
$random_string .= chr( $ascii_no );
}
echo $random_string;
查看更多:
$str = bin2hex(random_bytes(32)); // 64 character string returned
range()
函数。它可能会在某个时候帮助到某个人。Function pseudostring($length = 50) {
// Generate arrays with characters and numbers
$lowerAlpha = range('a', 'z');
$upperAlpha = range('A', 'Z');
$numeric = range('0', '9');
// Merge the arrays
$workArray = array_merge($numeric, array_merge($lowerAlpha, $upperAlpha));
$returnString = "";
// Add random characters from the created array to a string
for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) {
$character = $workArray[rand(0, 61)];
$returnString .= $character;
}
return $returnString;
}
function random_string() {
// 8 characters: 7 lower-case alphabets and 1 digit
$character_sets = [
["count" => 7, "characters" => "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"],
["count" => 1, "characters" => "0123456789"]
];
$temp_array = array();
foreach ($character_sets as $character_set) {
for ($i = 0; $i < $character_set["count"]; $i++) {
$random = random_int(0, strlen($character_set["characters"]) - 1);
$temp_array[] = $character_set["characters"][$random];
}
}
shuffle($temp_array);
return implode("", $temp_array);
}
Random::alphanumericString($length)
可以实现你想要的功能。如果你想自己构建,请不要使用除 PHP 内置的random_bytes
或random_int
之外的任何随机源。 - caw