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在Linux中，如何获取我正在使用的命令的完整路径？

linuxpath
10

如何获取我所使用命令的完整路径？

比如，我已经安装了jdk到/opt/Oracle/jdk1.7.0_25，而我的PATH看起来是这样的：

/opt/Oracle/jdk1.7.0_25/bin/:/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qt4/bin:/home/unimous/bin:/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games.

我想从java中获取/opt/Oracle/jdk1.7.0_25/bin/java。

4个回答
16
which java

应该给你完整的路径。

这对于Linux中的任何其他命令也适用，只需使用which command_name即可。

0
这取决于你的发行版，在 Debian 及基于 Debian 的发行版中，你有 update-alternatives。
而对于你的 Java，例如： update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/opt/Oracle/jdk1.7.0_25/bin/java" 3
Help section on update-alternatives 

update-alternatives: --install needs <link> <name> <path> <priority>

Usage: update-alternatives [<option> ...] <command>

Commands:
  --install <link> <name> <path> <priority>
    [--slave <link> <name> <path>] ...
                           add a group of alternatives to the system.
  --remove <name> <path>   remove <path> from the <name> group alternative.
  --remove-all <name>      remove <name> group from the alternatives system.
  --auto <name>            switch the master link <name> to automatic mode.
  --display <name>         display information about the <name> group.
  --query <name>           machine parseable version of --display <name>.
  --list <name>            display all targets of the <name> group.
  --get-selections         list master alternative names and their status.
  --set-selections         read alternative status from standard input.
  --config <name>          show alternatives for the <name> group and ask the
                           user to select which one to use.
  --set <name> <path>      set <path> as alternative for <name>.
  --all                    call --config on all alternatives.

<link> is the symlink pointing to /etc/alternatives/<name>.
  (e.g. /usr/bin/pager)
<name> is the master name for this link group.
  (e.g. pager)
<path> is the location of one of the alternative target files.
  (e.g. /usr/bin/less)
<priority> is an integer; options with higher numbers have higher priority in
  automatic mode.

Options:
  --altdir <directory>     change the alternatives directory.
  --admindir <directory>   change the administrative directory.
  --log <file>             change the log file.
  --force                  allow replacing files with alternative links.
  --skip-auto              skip prompt for alternatives correctly configured
                           in automatic mode (relevant for --config only)
  --verbose                verbose operation, more output.
  --quiet                  quiet operation, minimal output.
  --help                   show this help message.
  --version                show the version.
0
如果你在使用bash：
type java

type 是一个内置的关键字，通常是一个单独的可执行文件：

$ type type
type is a shell builtin
$ type which
which is hashed (/usr/bin/which)
0

不要使用which命令，而是使用type命令。which命令只会给出第一个命令所在的路径。而type命令加上-a选项则会给出所有路径，包括别名：

type -a java
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