为什么AWS Elastic Beanstalk无法安装pg gem？

Question

我正在将一个简单的应用程序部署到AWS Elastic Beanstalk。然而，当我在Gemfile中添加gem 'pg'并将其推送到Elastic Beanstalk时，我的日志中出现了以下错误：

-------------------------------------
/var/log/eb-tools.log
-------------------------------------
Installing actionpack (4.0.1) 
Installing mime-types (1.25) 
Installing polyglot (0.3.3) 
Installing treetop (1.4.15) 
Installing mail (2.5.4) 
Installing actionmailer (4.0.1) 
Installing activemodel (4.0.1) 
Installing activerecord-deprecated_finders (1.0.3) 
Installing arel (4.0.1) 
Installing activerecord (4.0.1) 
Installing coffee-script-source (1.6.3) 
Installing execjs (2.0.2) 
Installing coffee-script (2.2.0) 
Installing thor (0.18.1) 
Installing railties (4.0.1) 
Installing coffee-rails (4.0.1) 
Installing hike (1.2.3) 
Installing jbuilder (1.5.2) 
Installing jquery-rails (3.0.4) 
Using json (1.8.1) 
Installing pg (0.17.0) 
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /usr/bin/ruby1.9 extconf.rb 
checking for pg_config... no
No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails, please try again with
 --with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... no
Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/usr/bin/ruby1.9
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-config
    --without-pg-config
    --with-pg_config
    --without-pg_config
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/


Gem files will remain installed in /usr/share/ruby/1.9/gems/1.9.1/gems/pg-0.17.0 for inspection.
Results logged to /usr/share/ruby/1.9/gems/1.9.1/gems/pg-0.17.0/ext/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing pg (0.17.0), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install pg -v '0.17.0'` succeeds before bundling.
ERROR: bundle install failed!

2013-11-17 14:10:03,371 [ERROR] (8302 MainThread) [directoryHooksExecutor.py-34] [root directoryHooksExecutor error] Script failed with returncode 1
2013-11-17 14:10:03,499 [INFO] (8269 MainThread) [command.py-130] [root command execute] Command returned: (code: 1, stdout: Error occurred during build: Command hooks failed
, stderr: None)
....

本地没有出现任何错误。

很久以前，我记得在其他Ubuntu系统上遇到过这个问题。显然，需要通过sudo apt-get install ruby-dev build-essential或sudo apt-get install postgresql-client libpq5 libpq-dev安装额外的库。我想试一试，但在AWS Elastic Beanstalk上，我不太确定该怎么做。

- Christian Fazzini

Answer 1

在 .ebextensions/packages.config 文件中：

packages:
  yum:
    postgresql-devel: []

这将确保任何新的实例都安装了这个库。

- Christian Fazzini

---

你是怎么解决这个问题的找不到'libpq-fe.h header？ 这个问题困扰我已经三天了，拜托帮忙！ - RajG

谢谢，它起作用了。唯一的问题是我的git命令根本没有跟踪**.ebextensions/p.config**文件。 - RajG

这意味着在AWS Elastic Beanstalk上，您需要postgresql-devel而不是libpq-dev。非常感谢，这很有效。另外，对于那些不知道的人，.ebextensions/packages.config是一个目录和文件，是由您自己在源码包中创建的：请参阅http://docs.aws.amazon.com/elasticbeanstalk/latest/dg/customize-containers.html。 - Mark Berry

此答案适用于 AL1。但对于 Amazon Linux 2，请参见此答案-https://dev59.com/uFIH5IYBdhLWcg3wHZNA#63204453。 - stwr667

Answer 2

添加

packages:
  yum:
    postgresql93-devel: []

- Alexander Paramonov

Answer 3

在`.ebextensions/packages.config`中。

packages:
  yum:
    postgresql-devel: []

重要的一点是，您需要设置postgresql-devel以匹配您的postgresql版本的库。例如，如果您有postgresql 9.4.5，则需要安装postgresql-develXX。

使用yum list，您将能够识别正确的库。

- Jerome Anthony