在Windows中如何SSH到Vagrant虚拟机？

我之前也遇到过同样的问题。

1. 在homestead文件夹中，使用bash init.sh命令。

2. 如果在D:/Users/你的用户名/下没有.ssh文件夹，你需要生成一对ssh密钥，使用命令ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "you@homestead"。

3. 编辑Homestead.yaml(homestead/)文件，将authoriza: ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub添加进去。

4. keys: - ~/.ssh/id_rsa

5.

folders:
    - map: (share directory path in the host computer) 
      to: /home/vagrant/Code

sites:
    - map: homestead.app
      to: /home/vagrant/Code

6. 你需要使用Git Bash桌面应用程序。

7. 打开Git Bash桌面应用程序。vagrant up

8. vagrant ssh

Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|

  # ...

  config.ssh.private_key_path = "vagrant_rsa"
  config.vm.provision "shell", path: "openssh.ps1"
  config.vm.provision "file", source: "./vagrant_rsa.pub", destination: "~/.ssh/authorized_keys"
end

其中vagrant_rsa和vagrant_rsa.pub是位于当前vagrant项目文件夹中的私钥和公钥（例如通过ssh-keygen -t rsa -C“your@email.here”生成），而openssh.ps1是：

$is_64bit = [IntPtr]::size -eq 8

# setup openssh
$ssh_download_url = "http://www.mls-software.com/files/setupssh-7.1p1-1.exe"

if (!(Test-Path "C:\Program Files\OpenSSH\bin\ssh.exe")) {
    Write-Output "Downloading $ssh_download_url"
    (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile($ssh_download_url, "C:\Windows\Temp\openssh.exe")

    Start-Process "C:\Windows\Temp\openssh.exe" "/S /privsep=1 /password=D@rj33l1ng" -NoNewWindow -Wait
}

Stop-Service "OpenSSHd" -Force

# ensure vagrant can log in
Write-Output "Setting vagrant user file permissions"
New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path "C:\Users\vagrant\.ssh"
C:\Windows\System32\icacls.exe "C:\Users\vagrant" /grant "vagrant:(OI)(CI)F"
C:\Windows\System32\icacls.exe "C:\Program Files\OpenSSH\bin" /grant "vagrant:(OI)RX"
C:\Windows\System32\icacls.exe "C:\Program Files\OpenSSH\usr\sbin" /grant "vagrant:(OI)RX"

Write-Output "Setting SSH home directories"
    (Get-Content "C:\Program Files\OpenSSH\etc\passwd") |
    Foreach-Object { $_ -replace '/home/(\w+)', '/cygdrive/c/Users/$1' } |
    Set-Content 'C:\Program Files\OpenSSH\etc\passwd'

# Set shell to /bin/sh to return exit status
$passwd_file = Get-Content 'C:\Program Files\OpenSSH\etc\passwd'
$passwd_file = $passwd_file -replace '/bin/bash', '/bin/sh'
Set-Content 'C:\Program Files\OpenSSH\etc\passwd' $passwd_file

# fix opensshd to not be strict
Write-Output "Setting OpenSSH to be non-strict"
$sshd_config = Get-Content "C:\Program Files\OpenSSH\etc\sshd_config"
$sshd_config = $sshd_config -replace 'StrictModes yes', 'StrictModes no'
$sshd_config = $sshd_config -replace '#PubkeyAuthentication yes', 'PubkeyAuthentication yes'
$sshd_config = $sshd_config -replace '#PermitUserEnvironment no', 'PermitUserEnvironment yes'
# disable the use of DNS to speed up the time it takes to establish a connection
$sshd_config = $sshd_config -replace '#UseDNS yes', 'UseDNS no'
# disable the login banner
$sshd_config = $sshd_config -replace 'Banner /etc/banner.txt', '#Banner /etc/banner.txt'
# next time OpenSSH starts have it listen on th eproper port
Set-Content "C:\Program Files\OpenSSH\etc\sshd_config" $sshd_config

Write-Output "Removing ed25519 key as Vagrant net-ssh 2.9.1 does not support it"
Remove-Item -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue "C:\Program Files\OpenSSH\etc\ssh_host_ed25519_key"
Remove-Item -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue "C:\Program Files\OpenSSH\etc\ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub"

# use c:\Windows\Temp as /tmp location
Write-Output "Setting temp directory location"
Remove-Item -Recurse -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue "C:\Program Files\OpenSSH\tmp"
C:\Program` Files\OpenSSH\bin\junction.exe /accepteula "C:\Program Files\OpenSSH\tmp" "C:\Windows\Temp"
C:\Windows\System32\icacls.exe "C:\Windows\Temp" /grant "vagrant:(OI)(CI)F"

# add 64 bit environment variables missing from SSH
Write-Output "Setting SSH environment"
$sshenv = "TEMP=C:\Windows\Temp"
if ($is_64bit) {
    $env_vars = "ProgramFiles(x86)=C:\Program Files (x86)", `
        "ProgramW6432=C:\Program Files", `
        "CommonProgramFiles(x86)=C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files", `
        "CommonProgramW6432=C:\Program Files\Common Files"
    $sshenv = $sshenv + "`r`n" + ($env_vars -join "`r`n")
}
Set-Content C:\Users\vagrant\.ssh\environment $sshenv

# record the path for provisioners (without the newline)
Write-Output "Recording PATH for provisioners"
Set-Content C:\Windows\Temp\PATH ([byte[]][char[]] $env:PATH) -Encoding Byte

# configure firewall
Write-Output "Configuring firewall"
netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="SSHD" dir=in action=allow service=OpenSSHd enable=yes
netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="SSHD" dir=in action=allow program="C:\Program Files\OpenSSH\usr\sbin\sshd.exe" enable=yes
netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="ssh" dir=in action=allow protocol=TCP localport=22

Start-Service "OpenSSHd"

这是 joefitzgerald/packer-windows openssh setup script 的简化版本。

现在你可以通过 vagrant ssh 进入 Windows 虚拟机。

对于那些使用 vagrant-libvirt 的用户，可能需要将一些端口（如 RDP）从主机转发到虚拟机。vagrant-libvirt 使用 ssh 进行 端口转发，因此您需要按照上述说明在 Windows 上设置 ssh，然后就可以转发端口了：

config.vm.network :forwarded_port, host: 3389, guest: 3389, id: "rdp", gateway_ports: true, host_ip: '*'

我认为对于这个问题，一个更好的答案应该是：

https://eamann.com/tech/linux-flavored-windows/

Eric 写了一篇关于如何将您的 Windows 计算机转换为 Linux 环境的好文章。即使使用一些技巧来让 Vim 在 cmd 中本地工作。

如果您按照此指南操作，基本上可以让您安装 git cli，并通过一些技巧，在 vagrant box 文件夹中键入 vagrant ssh 命令提示符，它将正确执行所有操作，无需配置 ssh 密钥等。所有这些都与 ssh 和 git cli /bin 一起提供。

这样做的好处是，您实际上可以运行 powershell 并获得所有 *nix 的好处。这真正简化了您的环境，并有助于运行 Vagrant 和其他事情。

TL;DR 下载 Git cli 并将 git/bin 添加到 PATH。在 /bin 中修改 vim.bat 以适用于 Windows。在 cmd 中本地使用 ssh。