我想要一个包含进度条、几个输入框、标签和按钮小部件的顶层窗口/对话框。我希望对话框从主窗口更新。主窗口完成工作,我需要在对话框中反映出来。我希望主窗口保持活动状态,以便您可以停止该过程。我还希望能够在对话框中停止该过程。
如果没有使用多处理和线程,我无法使其正常工作。看起来我走了错误的路线,或者是吗?另外,我对多处理和线程还不熟悉,所以我希望我已经正确地做了这些。如果有人知道更好的方法,请告诉我。
以下是我尝试做到我想要的东西的代码,它可以工作,但是这是否是正确的方法呢?
我的第一次尝试:
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
from time import sleep
from queue import Empty
from threading import Thread
from multiprocessing import Process, Queue
HIDE = -1
STOP = -2
BREAK = -3
PAUSE = -4
RESUME = -5
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
title = kwargs.pop('title', '')
theme = kwargs.pop('theme', 'clam')
geometry = kwargs.pop('geometry', None)
exit_callback = kwargs.pop('exit_callback', None)
super().__init__(**kwargs)
self.title(title)
self.style = ttk.Style()
self.style.theme_use(theme)
if geometry:
self.geometry(geometry)
if exit_callback:
self.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', exit_callback)
def main_window(out_que, in_que, maximum):
def worker():
if app.running:
return
app.running = True
app.finished = False
for count in range(0, maximum + 1):
try:
message = in_que.get_nowait()
if message:
if message == PAUSE:
message = in_que.get()
if message == BREAK:
break
elif message == STOP:
app.destroy()
except Empty:
pass
sleep(0.1) # Simulate work.
out_que.put(count)
app.running = False
app.finished = True
start_btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
def app_stop():
out_que.put(STOP)
app.destroy()
def test_stop():
if app.running:
out_que.put(HIDE)
elif app.finished:
out_que.put(HIDE)
in_que.get()
stop_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
start_btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
def test_start():
while not in_que.empty():
in_que.get()
stop_btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
start_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
thread = Thread(target=worker, daemon=True)
thread.daemon = True
thread.start()
app = App(title='Main Window', theme='alt', geometry='350x150', exit_callback=app_stop)
app.running = False
app.finished = True
app.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
app.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
app.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
start_btn = ttk.Button(app, text='Start Test', command=test_start)
start_btn.grid(padx=10, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW)
stop_btn = ttk.Button(app, text='Stop Test', state=tk.DISABLED, command=test_stop)
stop_btn.grid(padx=10, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW)
app.mainloop()
def progress_window(in_que, out_que, maximum):
def hide():
out_que.put(BREAK)
pause_btn.config(text='Pause')
app.withdraw()
def pause():
if progress_bar['value'] < progress_bar['maximum']:
text = pause_btn.cget('text')
text = 'Resume' if text == 'Pause' else 'Pause'
pause_btn.config(text=text)
out_que.put(PAUSE)
else:
pause_btn.config(text='Pause')
def worker():
while True:
data = in_que.get()
print(data)
if data == HIDE:
hide()
elif data == STOP:
app.destroy()
out_que.put(STOP)
break
elif not data:
app.deiconify()
progress_bar["value"] = 0
else:
progress_bar["value"] = data
app.update_idletasks()
app = App(title='Progress', theme='clam', geometry='350x150', exit_callback=hide)
app.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
app.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
app.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
app.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
progress_bar = ttk.Progressbar(app, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, mode='determinate')
progress_bar["maximum"] = maximum
progress_bar.grid(padx=10, sticky=tk.EW, columnspan=1000)
pause_btn = ttk.Button(app, text='Pause', command=pause)
pause_btn.grid()
cancel_btn = ttk.Button(app, text='Cancel', command=hide)
cancel_btn.grid(row=1, column=1)
thread = Thread(target=worker)
thread.daemon = True
thread.start()
app.withdraw()
app.mainloop()
if __name__ == '__main__':
jobs = []
que1 = Queue()
que2 = Queue()
process = 50 # The maximum amount of work to process, # items.
for target in (main_window, progress_window):
p = Process(target=target, args=(que1, que2, process))
jobs.append(p)
p.start()
for j in jobs:
j.join()
这是我的第二次尝试,没有使用多进程,只使用了线程。
我已经更新了代码,不再使用多进程,而是使用线程。使用线程是否必要,还是可以不用它实现相同的功能呢?
代码似乎正常工作,但我是否做得正确?我对线程还很陌生,只是想确保在继续我的项目之前做正确的事情。
import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.ttk as ttk
from time import sleep
from queue import Empty
from threading import Thread
from multiprocessing import Queue
HIDE = -1
STOP = -2
DONE = -3
BREAK = -4
PAUSE = -5
class App(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.running = False
self.finished = True
self.app_que = Queue()
self.dialog_que = Queue()
self.process_items = 50
self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.title('Main Window')
self.geometry('350x150')
self.style = ttk.Style()
self.style.theme_use('clam')
wdg = self.start_btn = ttk.Button(self, text='Start Test', command=self.test_start)
wdg.grid(padx=10, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW)
wdg = self.stop_btn = ttk.Button(self, text='Stop Test', state=tk.DISABLED, command=self.test_stop)
wdg.grid(padx=10, pady=5, sticky=tk.NSEW)
self.dlg = ProgressDialog(self, title='Progress', geometry='350x150', process=self.process_items)
self.dlg.app_que = self.app_que
self.dlg.dialog_que = self.dialog_que
self.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.app_stop)
thread = Thread(target=self.dlg.worker, daemon=True)
thread.start()
def worker(self):
self.dlg.cancel_btn.config(text='Cancel')
self.dlg.pause_btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
for count in range(0, self.process_items + 1):
try:
message = self.app_que.get_nowait()
if message:
if message == PAUSE:
message = self.app_que.get()
if message == BREAK:
self.stop_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
break
elif message == STOP:
self.destroy()
except Empty:
pass
sleep(0.1) # Simulate work.
self.dialog_que.put(count)
self.dialog_que.put(DONE)
self.dlg.cancel_btn.config(text='Close')
self.finished = True
self.start_btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.stop_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
def app_stop(self):
self.dialog_que.put(STOP)
self.destroy()
def test_stop(self):
if self.running or self.finished:
self.dialog_que.put(HIDE)
self.stop_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
self.start_btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
def test_start(self):
while not self.app_que.empty():
self.app_que.get()
thread = Thread(target=self.worker, daemon=True)
thread.start()
self.stop_btn.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
self.start_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
self.dlg.deiconify()
class ProgressDialog(tk.Toplevel):
def __init__(self, parent, *args, **kwargs):
title = kwargs.pop('title', '')
process = kwargs.pop('process', 0)
geometry = kwargs.pop('geometry', None)
super().__init__(parent, *args, **kwargs)
self.withdraw()
self.app_que = None
self.dialog_que = None
self.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.rowconfigure(1, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.columnconfigure(1, weight=1)
self.title(title)
if geometry:
self.geometry(geometry)
wdg = self.progress_bar = ttk.Progressbar(self, orient=tk.HORIZONTAL, mode='determinate')
wdg["value"] = 0
wdg["maximum"] = process
wdg.grid(padx=10, sticky=tk.EW, columnspan=1000)
wdg = self.pause_btn = ttk.Button(self, text='Pause', command=self.pause)
wdg.grid()
wdg = self.cancel_btn = ttk.Button(self, text='Cancel', command=self.hide)
wdg.grid(row=1, column=1)
self.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.hide)
def worker(self):
while True:
message = self.dialog_que.get()
print(message)
if message == HIDE:
self.hide()
elif message == STOP:
self.app_que.put(DONE)
break
elif message == DONE:
self.pause_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
else:
self.progress_bar["value"] = message
def hide(self):
self.app_que.put(BREAK)
self.pause_btn.config(text='Pause')
self.withdraw()
def pause(self):
if self.progress_bar['value'] < self.progress_bar['maximum']:
text = self.pause_btn.cget('text')
text = 'Resume' if text == 'Pause' else 'Pause'
self.pause_btn.config(text=text)
self.app_que.put(PAUSE)
else:
self.pause_btn.config(text='Pause')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = App()
app.mainloop()
tkinter
具体情况,但没有理由它会有所不同。 - Mark Ransomtkinter
;使用其他机制来传递线程内外的信息。 - Mark Ransom