知识是帮助的源泉——理解git协议
实际上，你不需要模拟任何东西。你可以测试所有的功能，例如本地git操作，如：添加、提交、切换、变基或挑选，以及远程操作，如获取、推送或拉取，而无需设置git服务器。
本地和远程仓库使用以下协议交换数据：
本地协议（不使用网络，在Unix系统中表示为file://）http(s)://协议ssh://协议git://协议
关于这个问题，可以参考git协议解释。
创建git操作的测试环境
使用本地协议-当您在本地文件系统中指定其他存储库的路径时。因此，为了在干净且隔离的环境中执行测试，您只需要安排两个存储库。惯例是将“远程”设置为裸存储库。
然后，另一个存储库应该通过路径设置为第一个存储库的上游，就完成了！
从现在开始，您拥有了完全功能的测试设置。感谢Linus Torvalds。
Pytest实现了一个虚拟git存储库的夹具
这使用了一个内置的tmp_path夹具，它负责在临时文件夹中创建（和清理）存储库，对我来说是在：
/tmp/pytest-of-mikaelblomkvistsson/pytest-current/test_preparing_repo0
import datetime
from pathlib import Path
import pytest
from git import Actor, Remote, Repo
@pytest.fixture
def fake_repo(tmp_path) -> "Helper":
return Helper(tmp_path)
class Helper:
"""The main purpose of defining it as a class is to gather all the variables
under one namespace, so that we don't need to define 6 separate pytest fixtures.
You don't need git server to test pull/push operations. Since git offers
"local protocol" - plain bare repository in your filesystem is fully
compatible with http(s), ssh and git protocol (Neglecting authentication functionality).
"""
def __init__(self, tmp_path_fixture: Path):
self.local_repo_path: Path = tmp_path_fixture / "local-repo"
remote_repo_path: Path = tmp_path_fixture / "remote-repo"
remote_repo_path.mkdir()
self.remote_repo: Repo = Repo.init(str(remote_repo_path), bare=True)
self.repo: Repo = Repo.init(str(self.local_repo_path))
self.remote_obj: Remote = self.repo.create_remote("origin", str(remote_repo_path))
commit_date = self.tz_datetime(2023, 10, 1, 11, 12, 13)
self.repo.index.commit("Initial commit", author_date=commit_date, commit_date=commit_date)
self.remote_obj.push("master")
def local_graph(self) -> str:
return self.repo.git.log("--graph --decorate --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit".split())
@classmethod
def tz_datetime(cls, *args, **kwargs):
tz_info = datetime.datetime.utcnow().astimezone().tzinfo
return datetime.datetime(*args, **kwargs, tzinfo=tz_info)
def do_commit(self, *files_to_add, msg: str = "Sample commit message.", author: str = "author") -> None:
author = Actor(author, f"{author}@example.com")
date = self.tz_datetime(2023, 10, 4, 15, 45, 13)
self.repo.index.add([str(file_) for file_ in files_to_add])
self.repo.index.commit(msg, author=author, committer=author, author_date=date, commit_date=date)
def test_preparing_repo(fake_repo):
file_1 = fake_repo.local_repo_path / "file_1.txt"
file_1.write_text("Initial file contents")
fake_repo.do_commit(file_1, msg="First commit.")
fake_repo.repo.git.checkout("-b", "new_branch")
file_1.write_text("Changed file contents")
fake_repo.do_commit(file_1, msg="Second commit.")
fake_repo.repo.git.checkout("-b", "other_branch")
file_1.write_text("Another change")
fake_repo.do_commit(file_1, msg="Change on other_branch.")
assert (
fake_repo.repo.git.branch("-a")
== """\
master
new_branch
* other_branch
remotes/origin/master"""
)
assert (
fake_repo.local_graph()
== """\
* 1743bd6 (HEAD -> other_branch) Change on other_branch.
* 2696781 (new_branch) Second commit.
* 5ea439d (master) First commit.
* 04fc02f (origin/master) Initial commit"""
)
Mock- 你尝试过吗？ - jonrsharpe