我在stackoverflow上找到一个问题，其中使用Row_Number（）函数在where子句中回答。当我尝试查询时，出现以下错误：
"Msg 4108, Level 15, State 1, Line 1 Windowed functions can only appear in the SELECT or ORDER BY clauses."
这是我尝试的查询。如果有人知道如何解决，请告诉我。
SELECT employee_id
FROM V_EMPLOYEE
WHERE row_number() OVER ( ORDER BY employee_id ) > 0
ORDER BY Employee_ID
为了解决这个问题，将您的选择语句包装在CTE中，然后您可以针对CTE进行查询，并在where子句中使用窗口函数的结果。
WITH MyCte AS
(
select employee_id,
RowNum = row_number() OVER ( order by employee_id )
from V_EMPLOYEE
ORDER BY Employee_ID
)
SELECT employee_id
FROM MyCte
WHERE RowNum > 0
SELECT employee_id
FROM (
SELECT employee_id, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY employee_id) AS rn
FROM V_EMPLOYEE
) q
WHERE rn > 0
ORDER BY
Employee_ID
请注意，这个筛选器是多余的：ROW_NUMBER() 从 1 开始，并且始终大于 0。
AS q，但这样也可以工作）。 - QuassnoiSelect * from
(
Select ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( order by Id) as 'Row_Number', *
from tbl_Contact_Us
) as tbl
Where tbl.Row_Number = 5
我认为你想要的是这样的：
SELECT employee_id
FROM (SELECT employee_id, row_number()
OVER (order by employee_id) AS 'rownumber'
FROM V_EMPLOYEE) TableExpressionsMustHaveAnAliasForDumbReasons
WHERE rownumber > 0
From V_EMPLOYEE) A，即添加A作为别名。 - TheTechGuy
- FROM
- ON
- JOIN
- WHERE
- GROUP BY
- WITH CUBE/ROLLUP
- HAVING
- SELECT
- DISTINCT
- ORDER BY
- TOP
- OFFSET/FETCH
我认为这对答案的贡献很大，因为它解释了为什么会出现像这样的问题。在处理许多函数时，WHERE总是在SELECT之前进行处理，这就需要使用公用表表达式或子查询。你会经常在SQL Server中看到这种情况。
针对rexem的回答中的评论，关于内联视图或CTE哪个更快的问题，我重新设计了查询，使用了一个我和其他人都可以使用的表：sys.objects。
WITH object_rows AS (
SELECT object_id,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY object_id) RN
FROM sys.objects)
SELECT object_id
FROM object_rows
WHERE RN > 1
SELECT object_id
FROM (SELECT object_id,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY object_id) RN
FROM sys.objects) T
WHERE RN > 1
WITH MyCte AS
(
select
employee_id,
RowNum = row_number() OVER (order by employee_id)
from V_EMPLOYEE
)
SELECT employee_id
FROM MyCte
WHERE RowNum > 0
ORDER BY employee_id
使用CTE（SQL Server 2005+）：
WITH employee_rows AS (
SELECT t.employee_id,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY t.employee_id ) 'rownum'
FROM V_EMPLOYEE t)
SELECT er.employee_id
FROM employee_rows er
WHERE er.rownum > 1
使用内联视图/非CTE等效替代方法：
SELECT er.employee_id
FROM (SELECT t.employee_id,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY t.employee_id ) 'rownum'
FROM V_EMPLOYEE t) er
WHERE er.rownum > 1
根据问题的回答者所说：
请查看此链接。它有一个不同的解决方案，对于提出问题的人来说似乎有效。我正在尝试找到这样的解决方案。
在SQL Server 2005中使用ROW_NUMBER() OVER ()进行排序的分页查询
~Joseph
"方法1"类似于链接问题中的OP的查询，而"方法2"类似于所选答案中的查询。您需要查看此答案中链接的代码才能真正了解正在发生什么，因为所选答案中的代码已被修改以使其工作。请尝试以下操作：
DECLARE @YourTable table (RowID int not null primary key identity, Value1 int, Value2 int, value3 int)
SET NOCOUNT ON
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (1,1,1)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (1,1,2)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (1,1,3)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (1,2,1)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (1,2,2)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (1,2,3)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (1,3,1)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (1,3,2)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (1,3,3)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (2,1,1)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (2,1,2)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (2,1,3)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (2,2,1)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (2,2,2)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (2,2,3)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (2,3,1)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (2,3,2)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (2,3,3)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (3,1,1)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (3,1,2)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (3,1,3)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (3,2,1)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (3,2,2)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (3,2,3)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (3,3,1)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (3,3,2)
INSERT INTO @YourTable VALUES (3,3,3)
SET NOCOUNT OFF
DECLARE @PageNumber int
DECLARE @PageSize int
DECLARE @SortBy int
SET @PageNumber=3
SET @PageSize=5
SET @SortBy=1
--SELECT * FROM @YourTable
--Method 1
;WITH PaginatedYourTable AS (
SELECT
RowID,Value1,Value2,Value3
,CASE @SortBy
WHEN 1 THEN ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY Value1 ASC)
WHEN 2 THEN ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY Value2 ASC)
WHEN 3 THEN ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY Value3 ASC)
WHEN -1 THEN ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY Value1 DESC)
WHEN -2 THEN ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY Value2 DESC)
WHEN -3 THEN ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY Value3 DESC)
END AS RowNumber
FROM @YourTable
--WHERE
)
SELECT
RowID,Value1,Value2,Value3,RowNumber
,@PageNumber AS PageNumber, @PageSize AS PageSize, @SortBy AS SortBy
FROM PaginatedYourTable
WHERE RowNumber>=(@PageNumber-1)*@PageSize AND RowNumber<=(@PageNumber*@PageSize)-1
ORDER BY RowNumber
--------------------------------------------
--Method 2
;WITH PaginatedYourTable AS (
SELECT
RowID,Value1,Value2,Value3
,ROW_NUMBER() OVER
(
ORDER BY
CASE @SortBy
WHEN 1 THEN Value1
WHEN 2 THEN Value2
WHEN 3 THEN Value3
END ASC
,CASE @SortBy
WHEN -1 THEN Value1
WHEN -2 THEN Value2
WHEN -3 THEN Value3
END DESC
) RowNumber
FROM @YourTable
--WHERE more conditions here
)
SELECT
RowID,Value1,Value2,Value3,RowNumber
,@PageNumber AS PageNumber, @PageSize AS PageSize, @SortBy AS SortBy
FROM PaginatedYourTable
WHERE
RowNumber>=(@PageNumber-1)*@PageSize AND RowNumber<=(@PageNumber*@PageSize)-1
--AND more conditions here
ORDER BY
CASE @SortBy
WHEN 1 THEN Value1
WHEN 2 THEN Value2
WHEN 3 THEN Value3
END ASC
,CASE @SortBy
WHEN -1 THEN Value1
WHEN -2 THEN Value2
WHEN -3 THEN Value3
END DESC
输出：
RowID Value1 Value2 Value3 RowNumber PageNumber PageSize SortBy
------ ------ ------ ------ ---------- ----------- ----------- -----------
10 2 1 1 10 3 5 1
11 2 1 2 11 3 5 1
12 2 1 3 12 3 5 1
13 2 2 1 13 3 5 1
14 2 2 2 14 3 5 1
(5 row(s) affected
RowID Value1 Value2 Value3 RowNumber PageNumber PageSize SortBy
------ ------ ------ ------ ---------- ----------- ----------- -----------
10 2 1 1 10 3 5 1
11 2 1 2 11 3 5 1
12 2 1 3 12 3 5 1
13 2 2 1 13 3 5 1
14 2 2 2 14 3 5 1
(5 row(s) affected)
select salary from (
select Salary, ROW_NUMBER() over (order by Salary desc) rn from Employee
) t where t.rn = 2
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY employee_id) > 0这个条件将始终被判定为TRUE。 - Quassnoi