Robolectric单元测试在Android Studio 2.3更新后失败

Question

我所有的单元测试都开始抛出这个错误：

No such manifest file: build\intermediates\bundles\debug\AndroidManifest.xml

java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowAssetManager.getAndResolve(ShadowAssetManager.java:375)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowAssetManager.getResourceValue(ShadowAssetManager.java:117)
    at android.content.res.AssetManager.getResourceValue(AssetManager.java)
    at android.content.res.Resources.getValue(Resources.java:1347)
    at android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatDrawableManager.loadDrawableFromDelegates(AppCompatDrawableManager.java:332)
    at android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatDrawableManager.getDrawable(AppCompatDrawableManager.java:197)
    at android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatDrawableManager.getDrawable(AppCompatDrawableManager.java:190)
    at android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatDrawableManager.checkVectorDrawableSetup(AppCompatDrawableManager.java:711)
    at android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatDrawableManager.getDrawable(AppCompatDrawableManager.java:195)
    at android.support.v7.widget.TintTypedArray.getDrawableIfKnown(TintTypedArray.java:81)
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplBase.__constructor__(AppCompatDelegateImplBase.java:131)
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplBase.<init>(AppCompatDelegateImplBase.java)
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV9.<init>(AppCompatDelegateImplV9.java)
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV11.<init>(AppCompatDelegateImplV11.java)
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV14.<init>(AppCompatDelegateImplV14.java)
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV23.<init>(AppCompatDelegateImplV23.java)
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegate.create(AppCompatDelegate.java:203)
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegate.create(AppCompatDelegate.java:185)
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity.getDelegate(AppCompatActivity.java:519)
    at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity.onCreate(AppCompatActivity.java:71)
    at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:6237)
    at org.robolectric.util.ReflectionHelpers.callInstanceMethod(ReflectionHelpers.java:195)
    at org.robolectric.util.ActivityController$1.run(ActivityController.java:126)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowLooper.runPaused(ShadowLooper.java:340)
    at org.robolectric.shadows.CoreShadowsAdapter$2.runPaused(CoreShadowsAdapter.java:40)
    at org.robolectric.util.ActivityController.create(ActivityController.java:123)
    at org.robolectric.util.ActivityController.create(ActivityController.java:133)
    at com.si.play.adapter.RosterAdapter2Test.setUp(RosterAdapter2Test.java:43)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:24)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$2.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:250)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:176)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner.runChild(RobolectricTestRunner.java:49)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.robolectric.RobolectricTestRunner$1.evaluate(RobolectricTestRunner.java:142)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:117)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:42)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:262)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:84)

它工作得非常好。我唯一改变的是将Android Studio更新到了2.3，并将gradle插件更新到了2.3。到目前为止，我通过在每个测试的运行配置路径中手动编写 $MODULE_DIR$ 来修复它。但是每次都手动输入真的很烦人。有人遇到过这样的问题吗？

- 4gus71n

Answer 1

将其设置为默认值，这样您创建的每个新测试配置都将继承它：

运行 > 编辑配置... > 默认值 > Android JUnit

在 工作目录 中输入：$MODULE_DIR$

- Eugen Martynov

---

这里需要记住的另一件事是，如果您在设置“工作目录”后尝试重新运行以前失败的测试，它可能仍然会失败，因为它可能具有已经存在的配置而没有“工作目录”（在窗口中更高的位置）。请务必删除以前的JUnit配置！ - Bartek Lipinski

Answer 2

当有人遇到这个问题时，针对这种情况，在 "android" 括号中添加这一行应该会有所帮助。

在 app/build.gradle 中。

testOptions.unitTests {
    includeAndroidResources = true
}

- Lucas

Answer 3

从AS 2.3版本开始，Android Studio将查看APP文件夹以运行测试。如果您有自定义Roboelectric Runner扩展RoboelectricTestRunner，则可以在其中覆盖工作目录，而不是每次从编辑配置中设置工作目录。

这是我的代码。

public class CustomRobolectricRunner extends RobolectricTestRunner {

    // Build output location for Android Studio 2.2 and older
    private static final String BUILD_OUTPUT = "build/intermediates";

    // Build output location for Android Studio 2.3 and newer
    private static final String BUILD_OUTPUT_APP_LEVEL = "app/build/intermediates";

    public CustomRobolectricRunner(Class<?> testClass) throws InitializationError {
        super(testClass);
    }

    @Override
    protected AndroidManifest getAppManifest(Config config) {
        FileFsFile res = FileFsFile.from(BUILD_OUTPUT, "/res/merged", BuildConfig.FLAVOR, BuildConfig.BUILD_TYPE);
        FileFsFile assets = FileFsFile.from(BUILD_OUTPUT, "assets", BuildConfig.FLAVOR, BuildConfig.BUILD_TYPE);
        FileFsFile manifest = FileFsFile.from(BUILD_OUTPUT, "manifests", "full", BuildConfig.FLAVOR, BuildConfig.BUILD_TYPE, "AndroidManifest.xml");

        // If above files does not exist in the specified paths, look them at the app folder level. This is needed
        // as Android studio 2.3 changed the working directory.
        if (!manifest.exists()) {
            manifest = FileFsFile.from(BUILD_OUTPUT_APP_LEVEL, "manifests", "full", BuildConfig.FLAVOR, BuildConfig.BUILD_TYPE, "AndroidManifest.xml");
        }

        if (!res.exists()) {
            res = FileFsFile.from(BUILD_OUTPUT_APP_LEVEL, "/res/merged", BuildConfig.FLAVOR, BuildConfig.BUILD_TYPE);
        }

        if (!assets.exists()) {
            assets = FileFsFile.from(BUILD_OUTPUT_APP_LEVEL, "assets", BuildConfig.FLAVOR, BuildConfig.BUILD_TYPE);
        }

        AndroidManifest androidManifest = new AndroidManifest(manifest, res, assets) {
            @Override
            public Class getRClass() {
                return R.class;
            }

            public int getTargetSdkVersion() {
                /**
                 * Lollipop is currently the highest version supported in 3.0.
                 */
                return Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP;
            }
        };

        return androidManifest;
    }

- Rama Krishna