使用继承自 React.Component
的类,可以在 componentDidMount
中实现:
class MyComponent extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
error: null,
isLoaded: false,
items: []
};
}
componentDidMount() {
fetch("https://api.example.com/items")
.then(res => res.json())
.then(
(result) => {
this.setState({
isLoaded: true,
items: result.items
});
},
(error) => {
this.setState({
isLoaded: true,
error
});
}
)
}
render() {
const { error, isLoaded, items } = this.state;
if (error) {
return <div>Error: {error.message}</div>;
} else if (!isLoaded) {
return <div>Loading...</div>;
} else {
return (
<ul>
{items.map(item => (
<li key={item.id}>
{item.name} {item.price}
</li>
))}
</ul>
);
}
}
}
如果您使用带有Hooks的函数组件,应该像这样做:
function MyComponent() {
const [error, setError] = useState(null);
const [isLoaded, setIsLoaded] = useState(false);
const [items, setItems] = useState([]);
useEffect(() => {
fetch("https://api.example.com/items")
.then(res => res.json())
.then(
(result) => {
setIsLoaded(true);
setItems(result);
},
(error) => {
setIsLoaded(true);
setError(error);
}
)
}, [])
if (error) {
return <div>Error: {error.message}</div>;
} else if (!isLoaded) {
return <div>Loading...</div>;
} else {
return (
<ul>
{items.map(item => (
<li key={item.id}>
{item.name} {item.price}
</li>
))}
</ul>
);
}
}
示例响应:
{
"items": [
{ "id": 1, "name": "Apples", "price": "$2" },
{ "id": 2, "name": "Peaches", "price": "$5" }
]
}
Source:
https://reactjs.org/docs/faq-ajax.html
async
关键字,因为Promises是不可取消的。如果在await
期间卸载了组件,则会在未安装的组件上调用this.setState
。这就是为什么像Redux这样的存储库的创建; React组件最好完全保持同步。如果您确实向组件添加了async
,请在componentDidMount
中创建订阅,并在componentWillUnmount
中取消订阅,但我建议在React组件方法中完全避免使用async
关键字。 - Ross Allen