负载均衡器无法为客户端提供可用的服务器。

36

我正在尝试使用Feign客户端。下面是我的Feign客户端:

import com.eprogrammerz.examples.domain.Movie;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

/**
 * Created by Yogen on 12/26/2016.
 */
@FeignClient(name = "movie-api")
public interface MovieApi {
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, value = "/movies/{id}")
    Movie getMovie(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}

我从下面的简单服务中调用它:

@Service
public class MovieService {

    @Autowired
    MovieApi movieApi;

    public Movie findMovie(Long id){
        Movie movieOfTheDay = movieApi.getMovie(id);
        return movieOfTheDay;
    }
}

我的Spring Boot应用如下:

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients;

@EnableFeignClients(basePackages = {"com.eprogrammerz.examples"})
@EnableCircuitBreaker
@SpringBootApplication
public class ClientAppApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ClientAppApplication.class, args);
    }
}

build.gradle

buildscript {
    ext {
        springBootVersion = '1.4.3.RELEASE'
    }
    repositories {
        jcenter()
        mavenCentral()
    }
    dependencies {
        classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")
    }
}

apply plugin: 'java'
apply plugin: 'eclipse'
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'

jar {
    baseName = 'client-app'
    version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
}
sourceCompatibility = 1.8
targetCompatibility = 1.8

repositories {
    jcenter()
    mavenCentral()
    maven { url "https://repo.spring.io/snapshot" }
    maven { url "https://repo.spring.io/milestone" }
}


dependencies {
    compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-feign')
    // https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.netflix.hystrix/hystrix-core
    compile('org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-hystrix')
    compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web"){
        exclude group: 'org.springframework.boot', module: 'spring-boot-starter-logging'
    }
    compileOnly('org.projectlombok:lombok')
    testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')
}

dependencyManagement {
    imports {
        mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:Camden.BUILD-SNAPSHOT"
        mavenBom "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-parent:${springBootVersion}"
    }
}

我遇到了以下错误:

2016-12-30 13:07:16.894  INFO 6748 --- [nio-8082-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 39 ms
2016-12-30 13:07:16.939  INFO 6748 --- [nio-8082-exec-1] c.e.e.controllers.RequestController      : Calling findMovie(1203)
2016-12-30 13:07:17.240  INFO 6748 --- [rix-movie-api-1] s.c.a.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@547496c2: startup date [Fri Dec 30 13:07:17 EST 2016]; parent: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@542e560f
2016-12-30 13:07:17.318  INFO 6748 --- [rix-movie-api-1] f.a.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor : JSR-330 'javax.inject.Inject' annotation found and supported for autowiring
2016-12-30 13:07:17.619  INFO 6748 --- [rix-movie-api-1] c.netflix.config.ChainedDynamicProperty  : Flipping property: movie-api.ribbon.ActiveConnectionsLimit to use NEXT property: niws.loadbalancer.availabilityFilteringRule.activeConnectionsLimit = 2147483647
2016-12-30 13:07:17.670  INFO 6748 --- [rix-movie-api-1] c.n.u.concurrent.ShutdownEnabledTimer    : Shutdown hook installed for: NFLoadBalancer-PingTimer-movie-api
2016-12-30 13:07:17.727  INFO 6748 --- [rix-movie-api-1] c.netflix.loadbalancer.BaseLoadBalancer  : Client:movie-api instantiated a LoadBalancer:DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=movie-api,current list of Servers=[],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {},Server stats: []}ServerList:null
2016-12-30 13:07:17.739  INFO 6748 --- [rix-movie-api-1] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer      : Using serverListUpdater PollingServerListUpdater
2016-12-30 13:07:17.746  INFO 6748 --- [rix-movie-api-1] c.n.l.DynamicServerListLoadBalancer      : DynamicServerListLoadBalancer for client movie-api initialized: DynamicServerListLoadBalancer:{NFLoadBalancer:name=movie-api,current list of Servers=[],Load balancer stats=Zone stats: {},Server stats: []}ServerList:com.netflix.loadbalancer.ConfigurationBasedServerList@45bcfd5
2016-12-30 13:07:18.191 ERROR 6748 --- [nio-8082-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/].[dispatcherServlet]    : Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcherServlet] in context with path [] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is com.netflix.hystrix.exception.HystrixRuntimeException: MovieApi#getMovie(Long) failed and no fallback available.] with root cause

com.netflix.client.ClientException: Load balancer does not have available server for client: movie-api
    at com.netflix.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerContext.getServerFromLoadBalancer(LoadBalancerContext.java:468) ~[ribbon-loadbalancer-2.2.0.jar:2.2.0]
    at com.netflix.loadbalancer.reactive.LoadBalancerCommand$1.call(LoadBalancerCommand.java:184) ~[ribbon-loadbalancer-2.2.0.jar:2.2.0]
    at com.netflix.loadbalancer.reactive.LoadBalancerCommand$1.call(LoadBalancerCommand.java:180) ~[ribbon-loadbalancer-2.2.0.jar:2.2.0]
    at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10211) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeConcatMap.call(OnSubscribeConcatMap.java:94) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeConcatMap.call(OnSubscribeConcatMap.java:42) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10211) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OperatorRetryWithPredicate$SourceSubscriber$1.call(OperatorRetryWithPredicate.java:127) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.schedulers.TrampolineScheduler$InnerCurrentThreadScheduler.enqueue(TrampolineScheduler.java:73) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.schedulers.TrampolineScheduler$InnerCurrentThreadScheduler.schedule(TrampolineScheduler.java:52) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OperatorRetryWithPredicate$SourceSubscriber.onNext(OperatorRetryWithPredicate.java:79) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OperatorRetryWithPredicate$SourceSubscriber.onNext(OperatorRetryWithPredicate.java:45) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.util.ScalarSynchronousObservable$WeakSingleProducer.request(ScalarSynchronousObservable.java:276) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.Subscriber.setProducer(Subscriber.java:209) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.util.ScalarSynchronousObservable$JustOnSubscribe.call(ScalarSynchronousObservable.java:138) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.util.ScalarSynchronousObservable$JustOnSubscribe.call(ScalarSynchronousObservable.java:129) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.Observable.subscribe(Observable.java:10307) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.Observable.subscribe(Observable.java:10274) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.observables.BlockingObservable.blockForSingle(BlockingObservable.java:445) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.observables.BlockingObservable.single(BlockingObservable.java:342) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at com.netflix.client.AbstractLoadBalancerAwareClient.executeWithLoadBalancer(AbstractLoadBalancerAwareClient.java:102) ~[ribbon-loadbalancer-2.2.0.jar:2.2.0]
    at org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.ribbon.LoadBalancerFeignClient.execute(LoadBalancerFeignClient.java:63) ~[spring-cloud-netflix-core-1.2.4.BUILD-SNAPSHOT.jar:1.2.4.BUILD-SNAPSHOT]
    at feign.SynchronousMethodHandler.executeAndDecode(SynchronousMethodHandler.java:97) ~[feign-core-9.3.1.jar:na]
    at feign.SynchronousMethodHandler.invoke(SynchronousMethodHandler.java:76) ~[feign-core-9.3.1.jar:na]
    at feign.hystrix.HystrixInvocationHandler$1.run(HystrixInvocationHandler.java:108) ~[feign-hystrix-9.3.1.jar:na]
    at com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommand$2.call(HystrixCommand.java:301) ~[hystrix-core-1.5.6.jar:1.5.6]
    at com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommand$2.call(HystrixCommand.java:297) ~[hystrix-core-1.5.6.jar:1.5.6]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:46) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:35) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10211) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:51) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDefer.call(OnSubscribeDefer.java:35) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10211) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach.call(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:41) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeDoOnEach.call(OnSubscribeDoOnEach.java:30) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:48) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OnSubscribeLift.call(OnSubscribeLift.java:30) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.Observable.unsafeSubscribe(Observable.java:10211) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at rx.internal.operators.OperatorSubscribeOn$1.call(OperatorSubscribeOn.java:94) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at com.netflix.hystrix.strategy.concurrency.HystrixContexSchedulerAction$1.call(HystrixContexSchedulerAction.java:56) ~[hystrix-core-1.5.6.jar:1.5.6]
    at com.netflix.hystrix.strategy.concurrency.HystrixContexSchedulerAction$1.call(HystrixContexSchedulerAction.java:47) ~[hystrix-core-1.5.6.jar:1.5.6]
    at com.netflix.hystrix.strategy.concurrency.HystrixContexSchedulerAction.call(HystrixContexSchedulerAction.java:69) ~[hystrix-core-1.5.6.jar:1.5.6]
    at rx.internal.schedulers.ScheduledAction.run(ScheduledAction.java:55) ~[rxjava-1.1.10.jar:1.1.10]
    at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511) ~[na:1.8.0_51]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266) ~[na:1.8.0_51]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) ~[na:1.8.0_51]
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) ~[na:1.8.0_51]
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [na:1.8.0_51]

我尝试了不同的方法,但是无法找出解决方案。在Spring Cloud Netflix上也找不到任何关于这个的信息。在StackOverflow的讨论线程上也找不到任何信息。

我错过了什么?TIA。

更多细节:

movie-api微服务的application.yml如下:

server:
  port: 8090
logging:
  config: classpath:log4j2.yml
spring:
  application:
    name: movie-api

电影API模块上的Spring Boot应用:

@SpringBootApplication
public class MovieApiApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(MovieApiApplication.class, args);
    }
}

控制器如下:

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class MovieController {
    @Autowired
    private MovieRepository movieRepository;

    @RequestMapping("/movies/{id}")
    public ResponseEntity<Movie> getBook(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        log.trace("getBook({})",id);
        Optional<Movie> movie = Optional.of(movieRepository.findOneById(id));
        if(movie.isPresent())
            return new ResponseEntity(movie.get(), HttpStatus.OK);
        return new ResponseEntity<Movie>(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
    }
}

1
你是否正在使用像Eureka或Consul这样的服务发现?如果是,您是否已在Spring Boot应用程序的application.yml中定义了配置,以将应用程序注册为Eureka的客户端?基本上,Feign抱怨它无法在任何地方找到注册的服务。您可以使用Spring Cloud非常轻松地配置像Eureka这样的服务发现。请参见http://projects.spring.io/spring-cloud/ - Kartik Pandya
1
@Bloodysock,我应该在哪一边使用发现服务?是在客户端还是API端? - Yogen Rai
1
您需要使用唯一名称将API(更好的术语是“服务”)注册到服务发现中。客户端只需发现服务并调用它。Spring Cloud使开发人员特别是使用Spring Boot变得非常容易。请查看我上面链接的网站上记录的示例。您将在15分钟内开始进行服务调用 :) - Kartik Pandya
@Bloodysock 是的,你说得对!我忘记注册“service”了。谢谢! - Yogen Rai
11个回答

46

经过研究,并在@Bloodysock的帮助下,我发现我在“client-app”微服务中缺少远程服务器的注册。 文档位于Spring Cloud Netflix

我在'client-app'微服务中使用了没有Eureka的Ribbon配置,如下所示:application.yml

movie-api:
  ribbon:
    listOfServers: http://localhost:8090

2
如何设置以避免硬编码电影API的URL,而是让Ribbon使用Eureka查找电影API的URL? - xpz
据我所知,我们应该进行服务器端负载均衡才能实现这一点! - Yogen Rai
@xpz 请查看 https://www.py4u.net/discuss/1754436 获取更多详细信息。 - Hhovhann

25

问题在于您的服务不知道所请求的服务的主机名。如果您正在使用Eureka,请将此行添加到您的.properties文件中:

eureka.client.fetchRegistry=true

或者.yml文件中:

eureka:
    client:
        fetch-registry: true

它将使您的服务与Eureka通信并发现请求服务的主机。


7

我花了近2个小时才找到问题的根本原因。我错误地在客户端应用程序中导入了EnableEurekaClient,这是问题的根本原因。最终,我通过删除import来解决了这个问题。让我惊讶的是@EnableDiscoveryClient并不需要以下依赖。但如果您正在使用Eureka Naming服务器,则必须使用它。

   <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

2
谢谢,使用您的解决方案解决了同样的问题。 - Nitin Jangid

7
如果您的Spring Cloud设置不支持在application.properties/application.yml中指定服务器,则必须在Configuration类中配置服务URL。请注意我的application.properties中的警告消息 [Spring Boot v2.0.0 RELEASE,spring-cloud-starter-feign和spring-cloud-starter-ribbon v1.4.3.RELEASE]。因此,我编写了以下Configuration类:
@Configuration
class LocalRibbonClientConfiguration {
    @Bean
    public ServerList<Server> ribbonServerList() {
        // return new ConfigurationBasedServerList();
        StaticServerList<Server> staticServerList = new StaticServerList<>((new Server("localhost", 8001)),
                new Server("localhost", 8000));
        return staticServerList;
    }
}

然后,按照以下方式配置Spring Boot应用程序以使用此配置:

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients("my-package.currencyconversionservice")
@RibbonClient(name = "currency-conversion-service", configuration = LocalRibbonClientConfiguration.class)
public class CurrencyConversionServiceApplication {
 // nothing new here...
}

无需更改Feign代理类。仅发布此帖子作为解决该问题的完整解决方案:

@FeignClient(name="currency-exchange-service")
@RibbonClient(name="currency-exchange-service")
public interface CurrencyExchangeServiceProxy {
    @GetMapping("/currency-exchange/from/{from}/to/{to}")
    public CurrencyConversionBean retrieveExchangeValue(@PathVariable("from") String from, @PathVariable("to") String to);
}

完成了,问题已经解决。


2
在您的Zuul网关的application.properties文件中添加以下行。
movie-api.ribbon.listOfServers=http://localhost:8080
一般而言 - {{name-of-the-service}}.ribbon.listOfServers={{url-of-the-service}}
这对我有用。

1
问题在于您的服务不知道所请求服务的主机。如果您正在使用Eureka和Zuul,请将此行放在您的Zuul .properties或.yml文件中:

eureka.client.fetch-registry=true


0

我曾经遇到过这个错误,我想为这个问题做出我的贡献,因为这是谷歌返回的第一个结果。希望能帮到你们。

我的项目使用了Spring Boot 2.3.4.REALEASE和Eureka Client 3.1.3。 解决我的问题是将Eureka Client切换到版本2.1.6.RELEASE

我认为由于某种原因,最新版本破坏了Spring旧版本。

如果你们想要查看我的项目,请点击以下链接:
https://github.com/mahonrimaia/course-microservices/tree/08e1db607729d37752bac5c68cd98c4a7dbfe20d


0

如果在客户端应用程序中没有eureka,并且没有application.yml文件而是有application.properties文件,则可以在客户端应用程序重新启动之前将属性设置如下:

currency-exchange-service.ribbon.listOfServers: http://localhost:8000,http://localhost:8001


0

看起来 ClientAppApplication 不知道您的 Eureka 服务器地址。 您可以检查您的 applation.yml 文件。

eureka
  instance:
    hostname: cloud-feignorder-consume
  client:
    register-with-eureka: false #default true     
    fetch-registry: true #default true

你需要检查最后一行中的属性'eureka.client.fetch-registry'。它应该为true或未进行标记。然后你的客户端才能从eureka服务端获取服务器列表。


0

使用Feign客户端时,我遇到了这个错误,但请求仍然失败。主要原因是我没有指定url属性,只指定了value属性。

更正之前

@FeignClient(value = "${url-value-in properties-files}", configuration = FeignConfiguration.class)

更正后

@FeignClient(name = "class-name", url = "${url-value-in properties-files}", configuration = FeignConfiguration.class)

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