Nginx的MIME类型和Gzip

Question

Nginx的MIME类型和Gzip

nginxmime-types

21

Nginx允许您将文件扩展名映射到mime类型。正如文档所述，它甚至带有一个预先构建的mime类型列表（粘贴在问题末尾）。我一直信任这个列表，并且一切顺利，但现在我注意到有些类型缺失了。

application/javascript和application/json怎么办？它使用旧的已弃用的application/x-javascript，我想这是为了确保IE支持... 但这真的没问题吗？

此外，应该gzip哪些类型？我一直使用以下代码段中的列表，虽然我承认这只是一个nginx配置文件的示例的一部分，我几年前开始使用nginx时使用过它作为范例。

是否应该包括application/json？

http {
    include mime.types;
    default_type application/octet-stream;

    gzip_types text/plain text/xml text/css
               text/comma-separated-values
               text/javascript application/x-javascript
               application/atom+xml;

    # text/html is included in the gzip list by default                   

    # ...
}

默认的 MIME 类型在 /etc/nginx/mime.types 中。

types {
    text/html                             html htm shtml;
    text/css                              css;
    text/xml                              xml;
    image/gif                             gif;
    image/jpeg                            jpeg jpg;
    application/x-javascript              js;
    application/atom+xml                  atom;
    application/rss+xml                   rss;

    text/mathml                           mml;
    text/plain                            txt;
    text/vnd.sun.j2me.app-descriptor      jad;
    text/vnd.wap.wml                      wml;
    text/x-component                      htc;

    image/png                             png;
    image/tiff                            tif tiff;
    image/vnd.wap.wbmp                    wbmp;
    image/x-icon                          ico;
    image/x-jng                           jng;
    image/x-ms-bmp                        bmp;
    image/svg+xml                         svg svgz;
    image/webp                            webp;

    application/java-archive              jar war ear;
    application/mac-binhex40              hqx;
    application/msword                    doc;
    application/pdf                       pdf;
    application/postscript                ps eps ai;
    application/rtf                       rtf;
    application/vnd.ms-excel              xls;
    application/vnd.ms-powerpoint         ppt;
    application/vnd.wap.wmlc              wmlc;
    application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml  kml;
    application/vnd.google-earth.kmz      kmz;
    application/x-7z-compressed           7z;
    application/x-cocoa                   cco;
    application/x-java-archive-diff       jardiff;
    application/x-java-jnlp-file          jnlp;
    application/x-makeself                run;
    application/x-perl                    pl pm;
    application/x-pilot                   prc pdb;
    application/x-rar-compressed          rar;
    application/x-redhat-package-manager  rpm;
    application/x-sea                     sea;
    application/x-shockwave-flash         swf;
    application/x-stuffit                 sit;
    application/x-tcl                     tcl tk;
    application/x-x509-ca-cert            der pem crt;
    application/x-xpinstall               xpi;
    application/xhtml+xml                 xhtml;
    application/zip                       zip;

    application/octet-stream              bin exe dll;
    application/octet-stream              deb;
    application/octet-stream              dmg;
    application/octet-stream              eot;
    application/octet-stream              iso img;
    application/octet-stream              msi msp msm;

    audio/midi                            mid midi kar;
    audio/mpeg                            mp3;
    audio/ogg                             ogg;
    audio/x-m4a                           m4a;
    audio/x-realaudio                     ra;

    video/3gpp                            3gpp 3gp;
    video/mp4                             mp4;
    video/mpeg                            mpeg mpg;
    video/quicktime                       mov;
    video/webm                            webm;
    video/x-flv                           flv;
    video/x-m4v                           m4v;
    video/x-mng                           mng;
    video/x-ms-asf                        asx asf;
    video/x-ms-wmv                        wmv;
    video/x-msvideo                       avi;
}

- tompave

1个回答

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- VBart · Accepted Answer

它使用了已过时的 application/x-javascript，我想这是为了确保 IE 的支持……但这样真的好吗？

实际上，不好：

Changes with nginx 1.5.4                                         27 Aug 2013

*) Change: the "js" extension MIME type has been changed to
   "application/javascript"; default value of the "charset_types"
   directive was changed accordingly.

http://nginx.org/en/CHANGES

我也应该包括application/json吗？

为什么不呢？nginx的默认mime.types文件只包含一些常见的文件扩展名对应的MIME类型。而且很少有json静态文件。

此外，应该压缩哪些类型的内容？

您可以为站点上所有可压缩的内容包括MIME类型。但是对于静态文件，最好使用gzip静态模块进行压缩。