Espresso测试失败：期望匹配1个意图，实际匹配0个意图。

Question

我正在尝试测试我的SplashActivity是否能正确启动HomeActivity（如果用户已登录）。

我查看了StackOverflow上的相关问题，这似乎是一个常见问题，但我似乎无法让任何东西起作用。

我观察了测试在我的设备上执行，并通过视觉验证了SplashActivity确实启动了HomeActivity。

HomeActivity期望一个没有数据的普通意图。

以下是完整错误：

IntentMatcher: has component: has component with: class name: is "com.shoeboxed.fetch.presentation.ui.activities.HomeActivity" package name: an instance of java.lang.String short class name: an instance of java.lang.String

初次尝试：

public class SplashActivityTest extends EspressoIntegrationTest {

    @Mock
    UserRepository userRepository;

    @Rule
    public IntentsTestRule<SplashActivity> activityRule = new IntentsTestRule<>(SplashActivity.class, true, false);

    @Test
    public void loggedInUser() {
        User user = Fakes.user();
        when(userRepository.getUser()).thenReturn(user);
        doNothing().when(userRepository).refreshTeam();

        activityRule.launchActivity(new Intent());
        intended(hasComponent(HomeActivity.class.getName()));

        verify(userRepository, times(1)).getUser();
        verify(userRepository, times(1)).refreshTeam();
    }
}

第二次尝试：（尝试不同的匹配语法）

public class SplashActivityTest extends EspressoIntegrationTest {

    @Mock
    UserRepository userRepository;

    @Rule
    public IntentsTestRule<SplashActivity> activityRule = new IntentsTestRule<>(SplashActivity.class, true, false);

    @Test
    public void loggedInUser() {
        User user = Fakes.user();
        when(userRepository.getUser()).thenReturn(user);
        doNothing().when(userRepository).refreshTeam();

        activityRule.launchActivity(new Intent());
        intended(hasComponent(new ComponentName(getTargetContext(), HomeActivity.class)));

        verify(userRepository, times(1)).getUser();
        verify(userRepository, times(1)).refreshTeam();
    }
}

第三次尝试（在目标活动上添加空闲资源）

public class SplashActivityTest extends EspressoIntegrationTest {

    @Mock
    UserRepository userRepository;

    @Rule
    public IntentsTestRule<SplashActivity> activityRule = new IntentsTestRule<>(SplashActivity.class, true, false);

    @Test
    public void loggedInUser() {
        User user = Fakes.user();
        when(userRepository.getUser()).thenReturn(user);
        doNothing().when(userRepository).refreshTeam();

        WaitActivityIsResumedIdlingResource resource = new WaitActivityIsResumedIdlingResource(HomeActivity.class.getName());
        Espresso.registerIdlingResources(resource);

        activityRule.launchActivity(new Intent());
        intended(hasComponent(new ComponentName(getTargetContext(), HomeActivity.class)));

        verify(userRepository, times(1)).getUser();
        verify(userRepository, times(1)).refreshTeam();
        Espresso.unregisterIdlingResources(resource);
    }


    private static class WaitActivityIsResumedIdlingResource implements IdlingResource {
        private final ActivityLifecycleMonitor instance;
        private final String activityToWaitClassName;
        private volatile ResourceCallback resourceCallback;
        boolean resumed = false;
        public WaitActivityIsResumedIdlingResource(String activityToWaitClassName) {
            instance = ActivityLifecycleMonitorRegistry.getInstance();
            this.activityToWaitClassName = activityToWaitClassName;
    }

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return this.getClass().getName();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isIdleNow() {
        resumed = isActivityLaunched();
        if(resumed && resourceCallback != null) {
            resourceCallback.onTransitionToIdle();
        }

        return resumed;
    }

    private boolean isActivityLaunched() {
        Collection<Activity> activitiesInStage = instance.getActivitiesInStage(Stage.RESUMED);
        for (Activity activity : activitiesInStage) {
            if(activity.getClass().getName().equals(activityToWaitClassName)){
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public void registerIdleTransitionCallback(IdlingResource.ResourceCallback resourceCallback) {
        this.resourceCallback = resourceCallback;
    }
}

这是我的基本测试。它在我的后台进程（干净架构用例）上注册一个空闲资源：

public class EspressoIntegrationTest {

    private static IdlingResource idlingThreadPool;

    private AppComponent oldComponent = app().appComponent();

    @Rule
    public DaggerMockRule<AppComponent> daggerRule = new DaggerMockRule<>(AppComponent.class, new AppModule(app()))
            .set(component -> {
                oldComponent = app().appComponent();
                app().setAppComponent(component);
            });

    @BeforeClass
    public static void registerResources() {
        idlingThreadPool = getIdlingThreadExecutor();
        Espresso.registerIdlingResources(idlingThreadPool);
    }

    @AfterClass
    public static void deregister() {
        Espresso.unregisterIdlingResources(idlingThreadPool);
    }

    @After
    public void resetApp() {
        app().setAppComponent(oldComponent);
    }

    private static IdlingResource getIdlingThreadExecutor() {
        return (IdlingResource) jobExecutor().getThreadPoolExecutor();
    }

    private static JobExecutor jobExecutor() {
        return ((JobExecutor) app().appComponent().threadExecutor());
    }

    private static App app() {
        return (App) getInstrumentation().getTargetContext().getApplicationContext();
    }
}

- madcow

---

这个利用空闲资源的解决方案对我很有效。 - Diogosq

这个使用空闲资源的解决方案对我很有效。 - Diogosq

Answer 1

断言给定的匹配器仅匹配测试应用程序发送的一个意图。这相当于 Mockito 中的 verify(mock, times(1))。验证不必按照发送意图的顺序发生。{强调：Intent.init 被调用后，意图将被记录下来。} 参见文档

当您使用 IntentsTestRule 时，在创建活动后会完成 Intents.init()。据我所知，您在 SplashActivity.onCreate 中启动 HomeActivity 并结束 SplashActivity。

因此，您可以使用 ActivityTestRule 并在启动活动之前调用 Intents.init()，如下所示：

public class SplashActivityTest extends EspressoIntegrationTest {

    @Mock
    UserRepository userRepository;

    @Rule
    public ActivityTestRule<SplashActivity> activityRule = new ActivityTestRule<>(SplashActivity.class, true, false);


    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception{
        Intents.init();
    }

    @Test
    public void loggedInUser() {
        User user = Fakes.user();
        when(userRepository.getUser()).thenReturn(user);
        doNothing().when(userRepository).refreshTeam();

        activityRule.launchActivity(new Intent());
        intended(hasComponent(HomeActivity.class.getName()));

        verify(userRepository, times(1)).getUser();
        verify(userRepository, times(1)).refreshTeam();
    }


    @After
    public void tearDown() throws Exception{
        Intents.release();
    }
}

- Berdimurat Masaliev

---

如果您仍然遇到错误，请尝试使用WaitActivityIsResumedIdlingResource。 - Berdimurat Masaliev