我正在制作一个小程序,它可以读取并显示文档中的文本。我已经有了一个测试文件,它长这样:
12,12,12
12,31,12
1,5,3
...
等等。现在我希望Python可以读取每一行并将其存储到内存中,这样当您选择显示数据时,它将在shell中显示如下:
1. 12,12,12
2. 12,31,12
...
以及其他类似的操作。我该怎么做?
我正在制作一个小程序,它可以读取并显示文档中的文本。我已经有了一个测试文件,它长这样:
12,12,12
12,31,12
1,5,3
...
等等。现在我希望Python可以读取每一行并将其存储到内存中,这样当您选择显示数据时,它将在shell中显示如下:
1. 12,12,12
2. 12,31,12
...
我知道这个问题已经有答案了 :) 概括一下上面的内容:
# It is a good idea to store the filename into a variable.
# The variable can later become a function argument when the
# code is converted to a function body.
filename = 'data.txt'
# Using the newer with construct to close the file automatically.
with open(filename) as f:
data = f.readlines()
# Or using the older approach and closing the filea explicitly.
# Here the data is re-read again, do not use both ;)
f = open(filename)
data = f.readlines()
f.close()
# The data is of the list type. The Python list type is actually
# a dynamic array. The lines contain also the \n; hence the .rstrip()
for n, line in enumerate(data, 1):
print '{:2}.'.format(n), line.rstrip()
print '-----------------'
# You can later iterate through the list for other purpose, for
# example to read them via the csv.reader.
import csv
reader = csv.reader(data)
for row in reader:
print row
它在我的控制台上打印出来:
1. 12,12,12
2. 12,31,12
3. 1,5,3
-----------------
['12', '12', '12']
['12', '31', '12']
['1', '5', '3']
f = open( "file.txt", "r" )
a = []
for line in f:
a.append(line)
a = open("file.txt").readlines()
,或等价的写法 a = list(open("file.txt"))
。你应该使用 with
语句来关闭文件;这依赖于 CPython 的引用计数语义来实现,因此在 PyPy 等其他环境下表现可能与预期不同。 - Danica感谢@PePr提供的优秀解决方案。此外,您可以尝试使用内置方法String.join(data)
打印.txt文件。例如:
with open(filename) as f:
data = f.readlines()
print(''.join(data))
csv
模块感兴趣。它可以让您解析、读取和写入以逗号分隔值(csv)格式存储的文件...就像您的示例一样。import csv
reader = csv.reader( open( 'file.txt', 'rb'), delimiter=',' )
#Iterate over each row
for idx,row in enumerate(reader):
print "%s: %s"%(idx+1,row)
with open('test.txt') as o:
for i,t in enumerate(o.readlines(), 1):
print ("%s. %s"% (i, t))
#!/usr/local/bin/python
t=1
with open('sample.txt') as inf:
for line in inf:
num = line.strip() # contains current line
if num:
fn = '%d.txt' %t # gives the name to files t= 1.txt,2.txt,3.txt .....
print('%d.txt Files splitted' %t)
#fn = '%s.txt' %num
with open(fn, 'w') as outf:
outf.write('%s\n' %num) # writes current line in opened fn file
t=t+1