React Hook警告:在useEffect中使用异步函数,useEffect函数必须返回一个清理函数或者什么都不返回。

517

我尝试使用以下类似的useEffect示例:

useEffect(async () => {
    try {
        const response = await fetch(`https://www.reddit.com/r/${subreddit}.json`);
        const json = await response.json();
        setPosts(json.data.children.map(it => it.data));
    } catch (e) {
        console.error(e);
    }
}, []);

我在控制台中看到了这个警告。但我认为清理工作对于异步调用是可选的。我不确定为什么会收到此警告。链接沙箱以获取示例。https://codesandbox.io/s/24rj871r0penter image description here


4
对于那些想知道背后解释的人,这里有一篇很好的文章:https://devtrium.com/posts/async-functions-useeffect问题在于useEffect的第一个参数应该是一个返回无(未定义)或函数(用于清除副作用)的函数。但是异步函数返回一个Promise,它不能被调用为函数!这不是useEffect钩子期望其第一个参数的内容。 - Pavel
18个回答

4

尝试

const MyFunctionnalComponent: React.FC = props => {
  useEffect(() => {
    // Using an IIFE
    (async function anyNameFunction() {
      await loadContent();
    })();
  }, []);
  return <div></div>;
};


3
为了正确地执行并避免错误:“警告:无法在未安装的组件上执行React状态更新...”

 useEffect(() => {
    let mounted = true;
    (async () => {
      try {
        const response = await fetch(`https://www.reddit.com/r/${subreddit}.json`);
        const json = await response.json();
        const newPosts = json.data.children.map(it => it.data);
        if (mounted) {
          setPosts(newPosts);
        }
      } catch (e) {
        console.error(e);
      }
    })();
    return () => {
      mounted = false;
    };
  }, []);

使用外部函数和对象


useEffect(() => {
  let status = { mounted: true };
  query(status);
  return () => {
    status.mounted = false;
  };
}, []);

const query = async (status: { mounted: boolean }) => {
  try {
    const response = await fetch(`https://www.reddit.com/r/${subreddit}.json`);
    const json = await response.json();
    const newPosts = json.data.children.map(it => it.data);
    if (status.mounted) {
      setPosts(newPosts);
    }
  } catch (e) {
    console.error(e);
  }
};

或者 AbortController


 useEffect(() => {
    const abortController = new AbortController();
    (async () => {
      try {
        const response = await fetch(`https://www.reddit.com/r/${subreddit}.json`, { signal: abortController.signal });
        const json = await response.json();
        const newPosts = json.data.children.map(it => it.data);
        setPosts(newPosts);
      } catch (e) {
        if(!abortController.signal.aborted){
           console.error(e);
        }
      }
    })();
    return () => {
      abortController.abort();
    };
  }, []);





1

请尝试以下操作

 useEffect(() => {
        (async () => {
          const products = await api.index()
          setFilteredProducts(products)
          setProducts(products)
        })()
      }, [])

这是2022年10月使用React 18的最简单可行的答案。 - Kal

1

通过自定义提供的useAsyncEffect钩子,安全地执行异步代码和在effect内部进行请求变得非常简单,因为它使您的代码自动可取消(这只是功能列表中的一项)。查看带有JSON获取的实时演示

import React from "react";
import { useAsyncEffect } from "use-async-effect2";
import cpFetch from "cp-fetch";

/*
 Notice: the related network request will also be aborted
 Checkout your network console
 */

function TestComponent(props) {
  const [cancel, done, result, err] = useAsyncEffect(
    function* () {
      const response = yield cpFetch(props.url).timeout(props.timeout);
      return yield response.json();
    },
    { states: true, deps: [props.url] }
  );

  return (
    <div className="component">
      <div className="caption">useAsyncEffect demo:</div>
      <div>
        {done ? (err ? err.toString() : JSON.stringify(result)) : "loading..."}
      </div>
      <button className="btn btn-warning" onClick={cancel} disabled={done}>
        Cancel async effect
      </button>
    </div>
  );
}

export default TestComponent;

使用axios的相同演示


1

我知道现在已经很晚了,但是我之前也遇到过同样的问题,并且我想分享一下我是如何用以下这个函数解决它的!

useEffect(() => {
(async () => { 
  try {
   const response = await fetch(`https://www.reddit.com/r/${subreddit}.json`);
   const json = await response.json();
    setPosts(json.data.children.map(it => it.data));
  } catch (e) {
console.error(e);
}
}) ()   
}, [])    

-1
忽略警告,可以像这样使用useEffect钩子和async函数

import { useEffect, useState } from "react";

function MyComponent({ objId }) {
  const [data, setData] = useState();

  useEffect(() => {
    if (objId === null || objId === undefined) {
      return;
    }

    async function retrieveObjectData() {
      const response = await fetch(`path/to/api/objects/${objId}/`);
      const jsonData = response.json();
      setData(jsonData);
    }
    retrieveObjectData();

  }, [objId]);

  if (objId === null || objId === undefined) {
    return (<span>Object ID needs to be set</span>);
  }

  if (data) {
    return (<span>Object ID is {objId}, data is {data}</span>);
  }

  return (<span>Loading...</span>);
}

-1
最简单的方法是使用来自'use-async-effect'的'useAsyncEffect'函数,您可以在NPM上找到它。
const ProtectedRoute = ({ children }) => {

    const [isAuth, setIsAuth] = useState(false);

    useAsyncEffect(async () => {
        try {
            const data = await axios("auth");
            console.log(data);
            setIsAuth(true);
        } catch (error) {
            console.log(error);
        }
    }, []);



    if (!isAuth)
        return <Navigate to="/signin" />

    return children;

}

-1

关于纯函数编程语言purescript如何处理使用Aff单子的过期效应问题,我想说一句话:太棒了!

没有使用purescript时

你必须使用AbortController。

function App() {
    const [ data, setData ] = React.useState([]);

    React.useEffect(() => {
        const abortController = new AbortController();
        void async function fetchData() {
            try {
                const url = 'https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1';
                const response = await fetch(url, { signal: abortController.signal });
                setData(await response.json());
            } catch (error) {
                console.log('error', error);
            }
        }();
        return () => {
            abortController.abort(); // cancel pending fetch request on component unmount
        };
    }, []);

    return <pre>{JSON.stringify(data, null, 2)}</pre>;
}

或者过期来自NoahZinsmeister/web3-react示例

function Balance() {
  const { account, library, chainId } = useWeb3React()

  const [balance, setBalance] = React.useState()
  React.useEffect((): any => {
    if (!!account && !!library) {      
      let stale = false
      
      library 
        .getBalance(account)
        .then((balance: any) => {
          if (!stale) {
            setBalance(balance)
          }
        })
        .catch(() => {
          if (!stale) {
            setBalance(null)
          }
        })

      return () => { // NOTE: will be called every time deps changes
        stale = true
        setBalance(undefined)
      }
    }
  }, [account, library, chainId]) // ensures refresh if referential identity of library doesn't change across chainIds

  ...

使用 PureScript

查看如何 cleanup 函数中使用 useAff 来终止 Aff

Aff 是作为状态机(不使用 promises)实现的

但是这里与我们相关的是:


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