解决方案
解决方案是在production.rb文件的顶部添加以下内容：
$:.unshift(File.expand_path('./lib', ENV['rvm_path'])) # Add RVM's lib directory to the load path.
require "rvm/capistrano" # Load RVM's capistrano plugin.
set :rvm_ruby_string, '1.9.2@rails31dataserver' # Or whatever env you want it to run in.
set :rvm_bin_path, '/usr/local/rvm/bin'
我之前缺失的部分是
set :rvm_bin_path, '/usr/local/rvm/bin'，因为我以前从未在Capistrano部署中使用过该配置设置，而且我已经做了几次。好吧，这就是日常工作。功劳归于irc.freenode.net上#rvm频道的tonyflint！
原帖：
概述：
- 我正在运行系统安装的RVM
- 我通过Capistrano进行部署
我目前感到困惑。基本上正在发生的是，我正在尝试通过Capistrano进行部署，但它失败了。这是我的deploy.rb和production.rb文件的pastie（我正在进行多阶段环境，并省略staging.rb文件，因为那个很好用）。http://pastie.org/2523675
这是cap production deploy:setup的输出：
$ cap production deploy:setup
* executing `production'
triggering start callbacks for `deploy:setup'
* executing `multistage:ensure'
* executing `deploy:setup'
* executing "sudo -p 'sudo password: ' mkdir -p /var/www/html/dataserver /var/www/html/dataserver/releases /var/www/html/dataserver/shared /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/system /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/log /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/pids"
servers: ["omitted"]
Password:
[omitted] executing command
*** [err :: omitted] sudo
*** [err :: omitted] :
*** [err :: omitted] sorry, you must have a tty to run sudo
*** [err :: omitted]
command finished in 60ms
failed: "sh -c 'sudo -p '\\''sudo password: '\\'' mkdir -p /var/www/html/dataserver /var/www/html/dataserver/releases /var/www/html/dataserver/shared /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/system /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/log /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/pids'" on omitted
现在，我明白为什么会出现这种情况。我正在远程尝试使用sudo，这是一种安全上的不允许。那么，这意味着我需要使用
default_run_options[:pty] = true。因此，我将其取消注释并再次运行cap production deploy:setup，一切都很顺利。部署的目录结构得到设置，一切都很棒。现在我尝试运行cap production deploy，以下是输出：$ cap production deploy
* executing `production'
triggering start callbacks for `deploy'
* executing `multistage:ensure'
* executing `deploy'
* executing `deploy:update'
** transaction: start
* executing `deploy:update_code'
updating the cached checkout on all servers
executing locally: "hg log -r default --template '{node|short}'"
command finished in 52ms
* executing "if [ -d /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/cached-copy ]; then hg pull --repository /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/cached-copy https://cowfish.unh.edu/hg/DataServerApp && hg update --repository /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/cached-copy --clean 6979cec4fc00; else hg clone --noupdate https://cowfish.unh.edu/hg/DataServerApp /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/cached-copy && hg update --repository /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/cached-copy --clean 6979cec4fc00; fi"
servers: ["omitted"]
Password:
[omitted] executing command
** [omitted :: out] warning: certificate for omitted can't be verified (Python too old)
** [omitted :: out] http authorization required
** [omitted :: out] realm: Mercurial Project Repository
** [omitted :: out] user:
** [omitted :: out] d
** [omitted :: out] e
** [omitted :: out] p
** [omitted :: out] l
** [omitted :: out] o
** [omitted :: out] y
** [omitted :: out]
** [omitted :: out] password:
** [omitted :: out]
** [omitted :: out] warning: certificate for omitted can't be verified (Python too old)
** [omitted :: out] warning: certificate for omitted can't be verified (Python too old)
** [omitted :: out] warning: certificate for omitted can't be verified (Python too old)
** [omitted :: out] requesting all changes
** [omitted :: out] warning: certificate for omitted can't be verified (Python too old)
** [omitted :: out] warning: certificate for omitted can't be verified (Python too old)
** [omitted :: out] adding changesets
** [omitted :: out] adding manifests
** adding file changes
** [omitted :: out] added 11 changesets with 187 changes to 125 files
** [omitted :: out] warning: certificate for omitted can't be verified (Python too old)
** [omitted :: out] warning: certificate for omitted can't be verified (Python too old)
** [omitted :: out] 114 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
command finished in 1332ms
copying the cached version to /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835
* executing "cp -RPp /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/cached-copy /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835 && (echo 6979cec4fc00 > /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/REVISION)"
servers: ["omitted"]
[omitted] executing command
command finished in 23ms
* executing `deploy:finalize_update'
* executing "chmod -R g+w /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835"
servers: ["omitted"]
[omitted] executing command
command finished in 7ms
* executing "rm -rf /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/log /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/public/system /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/tmp/pids &&\\\n mkdir -p /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/public &&\\\n mkdir -p /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/tmp &&\\\n ln -s /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/log /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/log &&\\\n ln -s /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/system /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/public/system &&\\\n ln -s /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/pids /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/tmp/pids"
servers: ["omitted"]
[omitted] executing command
command finished in 8ms
* executing "find /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/public/images /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/public/stylesheets /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/public/javascripts -exec touch -t 201109122338.35 {} ';'; true"
servers: ["omitted"]
[omitted] executing command
** [out :: omitted] find: /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/public/images: No such file or directory
** [out :: omitted] find: /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/public/stylesheets: No such file or directory
** [out :: omitted] find: /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/public/javascripts: No such file or directory
command finished in 6ms
* executing `deploy:symlink'
* executing "rm -f /var/www/html/dataserver/current && ln -s /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835 /var/www/html/dataserver/current"
servers: ["omitted"]
[omitted] executing command
command finished in 6ms
** transaction: commit
* executing `deploy:restart'
* executing "sudo -p 'sudo password: ' touch /var/www/html/dataserver/current/tmp/restart.txt"
servers: ["omitted"]
[omitted] executing command
command finished in 10ms
triggering after callbacks for `deploy'
* executing `deploy:migrate'
triggering before callbacks for `deploy:migrate'
* executing `sqlite3:link_configuration_file'
* executing "ln -nsf /var/www/html/dataserver/shared/sqlite_config.yml /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835/config/database.yml"
servers: ["omitted"]
[omitted] executing command
command finished in 6ms
* executing "cd /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835 && rake RAILS_ENV=production db:migrate"
servers: ["omitted"]
[omitted] executing command
** [out :: omitted] sh: rake: command not found
command finished in 5ms
failed: "sh -c 'cd /var/www/html/dataserver/releases/20110912233835 && rake RAILS_ENV=production db:migrate'" on omitted
看起来无论加载了什么环境，它都无法看到rake。为了查看已加载的路径，我创建了一个部署任务，以下是输出：
$ cap production test_path
* executing `production'
triggering start callbacks for `test_path'
* executing `multistage:ensure'
* executing `test_path'
* executing "echo $PATH"
servers: ["omitted"]
Password:
[omitted] executing command
** [out :: omitted] /usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin
command finished in 11ms
* executing "echo $rvm_path"
servers: ["omitted"]
[omitted] executing command
** [out :: omitted]
command finished in 5ms
现在您会注意到路径显然不正确。对于建立会话的用户，应该是以下内容：
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails31dataserver/bin:/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@global/bin:/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/bin:/usr/local/rvm/bin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/home/lpeabody/bin
我明白为什么这不起作用了。这是因为我运行了
default_run_options[:pty] = true，我的环境得到了加载，至少这是我目前的理论。所以，经过所有这些，我的结论是 - 我需要以某种方式加载我的环境，以便rake可以在远程未启用sudo的情况下运行。
现在，我知道我不是唯一需要做到这一点的人，所以任何指针或提示都将不胜感激。我已经费尽心思8个小时以上了，我需要尽快部署这个应用程序。