安卓ImageView:设置拖动和缩放参数

30

我目前正在开发我的第一个Android应用程序,它可以让用户查看地铁地图并能够通过捏合和拖动进行浏览。

我正在修改《Hello Android, 3rd Edition》中的代码,并已经成功实现了捏合缩放和拖动功能。我使用矩阵作为我的布局比例。

但是,我现在有三个问题:

  1. 我尝试了很多方法来限制拖动参数,但似乎无法阻止其被拖出父视图(甚至可能从视图中消失)。我尝试在XML文件中设置布局参数,但不起作用。

  2. 我可以通过捏合缩放,但我遇到了问题,再次限制缩放的数量。我正在尝试调整max_zoom和min_zoom来限制缩放值(我将在之后发布我的代码)

  3. 我还在尝试将我的图像上的坐标映射到特定的部分,以便人们可以单击某些部分(这样做的主要目的是让用户单击地图上的站点并查看有关它的信息)

我感觉我遇到问题是因为我正在使用矩阵比例。

以下是我的当前代码:

Touch.java

package org.example.touch;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Matrix;
import android.graphics.PointF;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.FloatMath;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;
import android.widget.GridView;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class Touch extends Activity implements OnTouchListener {
private static final String TAG = "Touch";

private static final float MIN_ZOOM = 1.0f;
private static final float MAX_ZOOM = 5.0f;

// These matrices will be used to move and zoom image
Matrix matrix = new Matrix();
Matrix savedMatrix = new Matrix();

// We can be in one of these 3 states
static final int NONE = 0;
static final int DRAG = 1;
static final int ZOOM = 2;
int mode = NONE;

// Remember some things for zooming
PointF start = new PointF();
PointF mid = new PointF();
float oldDist = 1f;

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
   super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
   setContentView(R.layout.main);
   ImageView view = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageView);
   //view.setLayoutParams(new GridView.LayoutParams(85, 85));
   view.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_CENTER);
   view.setOnTouchListener(this);   
}

public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
   ImageView view = (ImageView) v;
   view.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.MATRIX);
   float scale;

   // Dump touch event to log
   dumpEvent(event);

   // Handle touch events here...
   switch (event.getAction() & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK) {

   case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: //first finger down only
      savedMatrix.set(matrix);
      start.set(event.getX(), event.getY());
      Log.d(TAG, "mode=DRAG" );
      mode = DRAG;
      break;
   case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP: //first finger lifted
   case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP: //second finger lifted
      mode = NONE;
      Log.d(TAG, "mode=NONE" );
      break;
   case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN: //second finger down
      oldDist = spacing(event);
      Log.d(TAG, "oldDist=" + oldDist);
      if (oldDist > 5f) {
         savedMatrix.set(matrix);
         midPoint(mid, event);
         mode = ZOOM;
         Log.d(TAG, "mode=ZOOM" );
      }
      break;

   case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: 
      if (mode == DRAG) { //movement of first finger
         matrix.set(savedMatrix);
         if (view.getLeft() >= -392){
            matrix.postTranslate(event.getX() - start.x, event.getY() - start.y);
         }
      }
      else if (mode == ZOOM) { //pinch zooming
         float newDist = spacing(event);
         Log.d(TAG, "newDist=" + newDist);
         if (newDist > 5f) {
            matrix.set(savedMatrix);
            scale = newDist / oldDist; **//thinking i need to play around with this value to limit it**
            matrix.postScale(scale, scale, mid.x, mid.y);
         }
      }
      break;
   }

   // Perform the transformation
   view.setImageMatrix(matrix);

   return true; // indicate event was handled
}

private float spacing(MotionEvent event) {
   float x = event.getX(0) - event.getX(1);
   float y = event.getY(0) - event.getY(1);
   return FloatMath.sqrt(x * x + y * y);
}

private void midPoint(PointF point, MotionEvent event) {
   float x = event.getX(0) + event.getX(1);
   float y = event.getY(0) + event.getY(1);
   point.set(x / 2, y / 2);
}

/** Show an event in the LogCat view, for debugging */
private void dumpEvent(MotionEvent event) {
   String names[] = { "DOWN" , "UP" , "MOVE" , "CANCEL" , "OUTSIDE" ,
      "POINTER_DOWN" , "POINTER_UP" , "7?" , "8?" , "9?" };
   StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
   int action = event.getAction();
   int actionCode = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;
   sb.append("event ACTION_" ).append(names[actionCode]);
   if (actionCode == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN
         || actionCode == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) {
      sb.append("(pid " ).append(
      action >> MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_ID_SHIFT);
      sb.append(")" );
   }
   sb.append("[" );
   for (int i = 0; i < event.getPointerCount(); i++) {
      sb.append("#" ).append(i);
      sb.append("(pid " ).append(event.getPointerId(i));
      sb.append(")=" ).append((int) event.getX(i));
      sb.append("," ).append((int) event.getY(i));
      if (i + 1 < event.getPointerCount())
         sb.append(";" );
   }
   sb.append("]" );
   Log.d(TAG, sb.toString());
}
}

main.xml(内容相当简单,没有真正复杂的东西):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout
  xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="fill_parent" >
<ImageView android:id="@+id/imageView"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
     android:src="@drawable/map"
     android:scaleType="matrix" >
</ImageView>
</FrameLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml (只添加了主题,以便没有标题栏且全屏)

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  package="org.example.touch"
  android:versionCode="7"
  android:versionName="1.0" >
<application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar.Fullscreen" >
  <activity android:name=".Touch"
        android:label="@string/app_name" >
     <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
     </intent-filter>
  </activity>
</application>
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="3" android:targetSdkVersion="7" />
</manifest>
7个回答

18

将width和height都设置为fill_parent是没有意义的,因为这样做会(在大多数情况下)扭曲图像。框架使用fill_parent属性来设置其中一个轴,并根据图像的纵横比计算另一个轴。它根据设备的方向选择哪个轴。横屏表示宽度为fill_parent,高度为计算值;竖屏则相反。 - Jason Polites
@Jason,这将是图像容器的大小,而图像本身将在容器的边界内独立调整大小。 - explodes
2
gesture-imageview已更新。现在支持fill_parent以及CENTER,CENTER_CROP和CENTER_FILL的ScaleTypes。 - Jason Polites
这也支持移动和旋转图像吗? - YuDroid

12

对于一些人来说,另一个可行的选择是使用 WebView,它内置了缩放控件。

WebView webView = new WebView(this);
webView.setBackgroundColor(0xff000000);
webView.setScrollBarStyle(WebView.SCROLLBARS_OUTSIDE_OVERLAY);
webView.getSettings().setBuiltInZoomControls(true);
webView.getSettings().setSupportZoom(true);
//webView.getSettings().setDisplayZoomControls(false);  // API 11
webView.loadDataWithBaseURL(null, getHtml(), "text/html", "UTF-8", null);
mainView.addView(webView, -1, -2);

毫无疑问,我发现这是管理位图缩放的最佳方法。希望您不介意我发布另一个SO问题的链接,这可能会对其他人有所帮助,但是这个答案与https://dev59.com/JWgv5IYBdhLWcg3wF9BP结合使用,可以将动态创建的位图加载到WebView中进行缩放。再次感谢,非常好的答案! - zgc7009
对于Android 11,请不要忘记添加以下参数:webview.getSettings().setAllowFileAccess(true); - odgatelmand

7

我知道这已经过时了,但是我正在研究如何做到这一点,并且有一个相当不错的解决方案。就在您的switch语句之后并在设置矩阵之前,您可以像这样限制缩放:

private void limitZoom(Matrix m) {

    float[] values = new float[9];
    m.getValues(values);
    float scaleX = values[Matrix.MSCALE_X];
    float scaleY = values[Matrix.MSCALE_Y];
    if(scaleX > MAX_ZOOM) {
        scaleX = MAX_ZOOM;
    } else if(scaleX < MIN_ZOOM) {
        scaleX = MIN_ZOOM;
    }

    if(scaleY > MAX_ZOOM) {
        scaleY = MAX_ZOOM;
    } else if(scaleY < MIN_ZOOM) {
        scaleY = MIN_ZOOM;
    }

    values[Matrix.MSCALE_X] = scaleX;
    values[Matrix.MSCALE_Y] = scaleY; 
    m.setValues(values);
}

我还在思考如何限制翻译,但这应该适用于缩放限制。

编辑:以下是限制翻译的解决方案。请注意,我将其用于全屏图像视图,因此在限制因素中使用了显示宽度和高度,但您也可以轻松使用视图的宽度和高度。

private void limitDrag(Matrix m) {
    float[] values = new float[9];
    m.getValues(values);
    float transX = values[Matrix.MTRANS_X];
    float transY = values[Matrix.MTRANS_Y];
    float scaleX = values[Matrix.MSCALE_X];
    float scaleY = values[Matrix.MSCALE_Y];

    ImageView iv = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.photo_view);
    Rect bounds = iv.getDrawable().getBounds();
    int viewWidth = getResources().getDisplayMetrics().widthPixels;
    int viewHeight = getResources().getDisplayMetrics().heightPixels;

    int width = bounds.right - bounds.left;
    int height = bounds.bottom - bounds.top;

    float minX = (-width + 20) * scaleX; 
    float minY = (-height + 20) * scaleY;

    if(transX > (viewWidth - 20)) {
        transX = viewWidth - 20;
    } else if(transX < minX) {
        transX = minX;
    }

    if(transY > (viewHeight - 80)) {
        transY = viewHeight - 80;
    } else if(transY < minY) {
        transY = minY;
    }

    values[Matrix.MTRANS_X] = transX;
    values[Matrix.MTRANS_Y] = transY; 
    m.setValues(values);
}

再次强调,在您的switch语句之后,设置视图中图像的矩阵之前,需要添加此代码。我将缩放限制分解为一个函数,并在上面进行了反映。


限制向上和向左的拖动...但向右和向下,图像仍然会移动。有什么解决方法吗? - playmaker420
1
@playmaker420,请检查我下面的答案,以限制右侧和底部。 - Ankit
@Ankit..我已经解决了。无论如何,感谢你分享代码。 - playmaker420
它的工作非常好。但在我的情况下,如果我在ImageView之外的背景上移动手指,ImageView也会移动。如何确保只有在触摸ImageView时才移动图像?请帮忙解决。 - YuDroid
这是针对全屏 ImageView 设计的。如果你只想让它适用于图像,则需要在调整大小时跟踪图像的大小。这比我这里所提供的要复杂得多。这可能值得单独就该问题提出一个新的问题。 - Michael Celey

6

6
以下是捏合缩放和平移的完整代码(Touch.java进行了一些实际可用的修改):
public class Touch implements OnTouchListener {  

 // These matrices will be used to move and zoom image  
public static Matrix matrix = new Matrix();  
public static Matrix savedMatrix = new Matrix();  

 // We can be in one of these 3 states  
 static final int NONE = 0;  
 static final int DRAG = 1;  
 static final int ZOOM = 2;
private static final float MAX_ZOOM = (float) 3;
private static final float MIN_ZOOM = 1;  
 int mode = NONE;  

 // Remember some things for zooming  
 PointF start = new PointF();  
 PointF mid = new PointF();  
 float oldDist = 1f;  

 int width,height;

 @Override  
 public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {


  ImageView view = (ImageView) v;
  Rect bounds = view.getDrawable().getBounds();

  width = bounds.right - bounds.left;
  height = bounds.bottom - bounds.top;
  // Dump touch event to log  
  dumpEvent(event);  

  // Handle touch events here...  
  switch (event.getAction() & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK) {  
  case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:  
   savedMatrix.set(matrix);  
   start.set(event.getX(), event.getY());  
   mode = DRAG;  
   break;  
  case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN:  
   oldDist = spacing(event);  
   if (oldDist > 10f) {  
    savedMatrix.set(matrix);  
    midPoint(mid, event);  
    mode = ZOOM;  
   }  
   break;  
  case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:  
  case MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP:  
   mode = NONE;  
   break;  
  case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:  
   if (mode == DRAG) {  
    // ...      
    matrix.set(savedMatrix);  
    matrix.postTranslate(event.getX() - start.x, event.getY() - start.y);      
   } else if (mode == ZOOM) {  
    float newDist = spacing(event);  
    if (newDist > 10f) {  
     matrix.set(savedMatrix);  
     float scale = newDist / oldDist;  
     matrix.postScale(scale, scale, mid.x, mid.y);  
    }  
   }  
   break;  
  }  
//----------------------------------------------------
  limitZoom(matrix);
  limitDrag( matrix);
//----------------------------------------------------  
  view.setImageMatrix(matrix);  
  return true; // indicate event was handled  
 }  

 /** Show an event in the LogCat view, for debugging */  
 private void dumpEvent(MotionEvent event) {  
  String names[] = { "DOWN", "UP", "MOVE", "CANCEL", "OUTSIDE",  
    "POINTER_DOWN", "POINTER_UP", "7?", "8?", "9?" };  
  StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();  
  int action = event.getAction();  
  int actionCode = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;  
  sb.append("event ACTION_").append(names[actionCode]);  
  if (actionCode == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN  
    || actionCode == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) {  
   sb.append("(pid ").append(  
     action >> MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_ID_SHIFT);  
   sb.append(")");  
  }  
  sb.append("[");  
  for (int i = 0; i < event.getPointerCount(); i++) {  
   sb.append("#").append(i);  
   sb.append("(pid ").append(event.getPointerId(i));  
   sb.append(")=").append((int) event.getX(i));  
   sb.append(",").append((int) event.getY(i));  
   if (i + 1 < event.getPointerCount())  
    sb.append(";");  
  }  
  sb.append("]");  
 }  

 /** Determine the space between the first two fingers */  
 private float spacing(MotionEvent event) {  
  float x = event.getX(0) - event.getX(1);  
  float y = event.getY(0) - event.getY(1);  
  return FloatMath.sqrt(x * x + y * y);  
 }  

 /** Calculate the mid point of the first two fingers */  
 private void midPoint(PointF point, MotionEvent event) {  
  float x = event.getX(0) + event.getX(1);  
  float y = event.getY(0) + event.getY(1);  
  point.set(x / 2, y / 2);  
 }  

 private void limitZoom(Matrix m) {

        float[] values = new float[9];
        m.getValues(values);
        float scaleX = values[Matrix.MSCALE_X];
        float scaleY = values[Matrix.MSCALE_Y];
        if(scaleX > MAX_ZOOM) {
            scaleX = MAX_ZOOM;
        } else if(scaleX < MIN_ZOOM) {
            scaleX = MIN_ZOOM;
        }

        if(scaleY > MAX_ZOOM) {
            scaleY = MAX_ZOOM;
        } else if(scaleY < MIN_ZOOM) {
            scaleY = MIN_ZOOM;
        }

        values[Matrix.MSCALE_X] = scaleX;
        values[Matrix.MSCALE_Y] = scaleY; 
        m.setValues(values);
    }


 private void limitDrag(Matrix m) {

        float[] values = new float[9];
        m.getValues(values);
        float transX = values[Matrix.MTRANS_X];
        float transY = values[Matrix.MTRANS_Y];
        float scaleX = values[Matrix.MSCALE_X];
        float scaleY = values[Matrix.MSCALE_Y];
//--- limit moving to left ---
        float minX = (-width + 0) * (scaleX-1); 
        float minY = (-height + 0) * (scaleY-1);
//--- limit moving to right ---     
        float maxX=minX+width*(scaleX-1);
        float maxY=minY+height*(scaleY-1);
        if(transX>maxX){transX = maxX;}
        if(transX<minX){transX = minX;}
        if(transY>maxY){transY = maxY;}
        if(transY<minY){transY = minY;}
        values[Matrix.MTRANS_X] = transX;
        values[Matrix.MTRANS_Y] = transY; 
        m.setValues(values);
    }

}

5
使用Phyxdevel在下面链接中的注释代码:ZDNET捏合缩放示例。他提供了限制平移和缩放级别的代码。

0

您可以使用以下代码来限制底部和右侧

float maxX = minX+viewWidth; 
int offsetY = 80;
        float maxY = minY+viewHeight-offsetY;
       if(x>maxX){
           mPosX = maxX;
       }
       if(x<minX){
           mPosX = minX;
       }
       if(y>maxY){
           mPosY = maxY;
       }
       if(y<minY){
           mPosY = minY;
       }

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