如何通过编程方式登录WordPress?

8

我需要以编程方式在WordPress管理面板中执行某些操作,但无法通过C#和HttpWebRequest登录WordPress。

这是我的做法:

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string url = "http://localhost/wordpress/wp-login.php";
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
            CookieContainer cookies = new CookieContainer();

            SetupRequest(url, request, cookies);
            //request.Accept = "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8";
            //request.Headers["Accept-Language"] = "uk,ru;q=0.8,en-us;q=0.5,en;q=0.3";
            //request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"] = "gzip,deflate";
            //request.Headers["Accept-Charset"] = "windows-1251,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7";


            string user = "test";
            string pwd = "test";

            request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(user, pwd);

            string data = string.Format(
                "log={0}&pwd={1}&wp-submit={2}&testcookie=1&redirect_to={3}",
                user, pwd, 
                System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode("Log In"),
                System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode("http://localhost/wordpress/wp-admin/"));

            SetRequestData(request, data);

            ShowResponse(request);
}

private static void SetupRequest(string url, HttpWebRequest request, CookieContainer cookies)
        {
            request.CookieContainer = cookies;
            request.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.0; uk; rv:1.9.1.2) Gecko/20090729 Firefox/3.5.2 (.NET CLR 3.5.30729)";
            request.KeepAlive = true;
            request.Timeout = 120000;
            request.Method = "POST";
            request.Referer = url;
            request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
        }

        private void ShowResponse(HttpWebRequest request)
        {
            HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
            responseTextBox.Text = (((HttpWebResponse)response).StatusDescription);
            responseTextBox.Text += "\r\n";
            StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream());
            responseTextBox.Text += reader.ReadToEnd();
        }

        private static void SetRequestData(HttpWebRequest request, string data)
        {
            byte[] streamData = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);
            request.ContentLength = streamData.Length;

            Stream dataStream = request.GetRequestStream();
            dataStream.Write(streamData, 0, streamData.Length);
            dataStream.Close();
        }

但不幸的是,我只收到了登录页面的HTML源代码作为响应,并且似乎cookie中没有包含会话ID。在执行该代码之后进行的所有请求也都返回登录页面的HTML源码,因此我可以假设它无法正确登录。
有人能帮助我解决这个问题或给出工作示例吗?
我想要实现的主要事情是扫描WordPress的Nextgen Gallery插件中的新图像。是否有XML-RPC的方法来实现这一点?
提前致谢。
8个回答

12

由于WordPress实施了重定向,离开页面(重定向)会阻止网络请求获取正确的Cookie。

为了获取相关的Cookie,必须防止重定向。

request.AllowAutoRedirect = false;

然后使用 cookie 容器进行登录。

请参考以下代码: (基于Albahari的C#书中的一个例子)

        string loginUri = "http://www.someaddress.com/wp-login.php";
        string username = "username";
        string password = "pass";
        string reqString = "log=" + username + "&pwd=" + password;
        byte[] requestData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(reqString);

        CookieContainer cc = new CookieContainer();
        var request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(loginUri);
        request.Proxy = null;
        request.AllowAutoRedirect = false;
        request.CookieContainer = cc;
        request.Method = "post";

        request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
        request.ContentLength = requestData.Length;
        using (Stream s = request.GetRequestStream())
            s.Write(requestData, 0, requestData.Length);

        using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse())
        {
            foreach (Cookie c in response.Cookies)
                Console.WriteLine(c.Name + " = " + c.Value);
        }

        string newloginUri = "http://www.someaddress.com/private/";
        HttpWebRequest newrequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(newloginUri);
        newrequest.Proxy = null;
        newrequest.CookieContainer = cc;
        using (HttpWebResponse newresponse = (HttpWebResponse)newrequest.GetResponse())
        using (Stream resSteam = newresponse.GetResponseStream())
        using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resSteam))
            File.WriteAllText("private.html", sr.ReadToEnd());
        System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("private.html");

4

我不知道其他人是否会发现这个有用,但是我刚刚使用了WordPress API进行登录。 我创建了一个用户(CRON_USR),他在晚上作为cron工作的一部分“登录”并执行一些任务。 代码如下:

require(dirname(__FILE__) . '/wp-load.php' );
$user = wp_authenticate(CRON_USR, CRON_PWD);
wp_set_auth_cookie($user->ID, true, $secure_cookie); //$secure_cookie is an empty string
do_action('wp_login', CRON_USR);
wp_redirect('http://www.mysite.com/wp-admin/');

3

感谢大家。我成功地让它只在使用套接字时工作。WordPress发送多个Set-Cookie头,但HttpWebRequest仅处理此类头的一个实例,因此会丢失一些Cookie。使用套接字时,我可以获取所有所需的Cookie并登录到管理面板。


3
一些代码会很有帮助,因为可能还有其他人在寻找解决方案(就像我一样)。这正是论坛存在的意义... - C4d
1
太残忍了!为什么解决方案不存在? - David Peterson
是啊!代码到底在哪里?我已经试了几个小时了,还是解决不了。 - Nulle

2
TomerBu的答案对我有用,但还需要添加以下内容。我必须在网站上安装SSL证书,添加对TLS1.2的支持,并设置UserAgent才能使其正常工作。如果没有TLS1.2,Web服务器将立即拒绝我的连接请求。如果没有SSL证书,WordPress网站将不认为我的C#机器人已登录以进行后续的Web请求(即使登录成功)。

***关于TLS的重要说明:我是一个安全协议新手,只提供了适合我的方法。我安装了.NET 4.7.2开发人员包,并将C#项目的目标框架更改为.NET 4.7.2,但我仍然需要修改ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol,如下所示。搜索以找到最佳实践,包括更新.NET和在按位OR语句中指定多个TLS版本。

// Add support for TLS 1.2 (note bitwise OR)
ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol |= SecurityProtocolType.Tls12;

...
request.Proxy = null;
request.AllowAutoRedirect = false;
request.CookieContainer = cc;
request.Method = "post";

// Add UserAgent
request.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1";

2
NameValueCollection loginData = new NameValueCollection();
loginData.Add("username", "your_username");
loginData.Add("password", "your_password");

WebClient client = new WebClient();
string source = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(client.UploadValues("http://www.site.com/login", loginData));

string cookie = client.ResponseHeaders["Set-Cookie"];

1
我尝试使用我的WordPress.com帐户(受SSL保护)。我发现最简单的方法是使用.NET套接字获取HTTP“Set-Cookie”标头,然后将标头解析为.NET Cookie对象,然后使用CookieContainer和HttpWebRequest中的Cookie来使用。
在套接字上使用SSL的最简单方法是通过绑定到套接字的NetworkStream实现SslStream。
示例:
private void LogIn()
    {
        string fulladdress = "hostname.wordpress.com";
        string username = HttpUtility.UrlEncode("username");
        string password = HttpUtility.UrlEncode("password");

        string formdata = "log={0}&pwd={1}&redirect_to=http%3A%2F%2F{2}%2Fwp-admin%2F&testcookie=1";
        formdata = string.Format(formdata, username, password, fulladdress);
        IPHostEntry entry = Dns.GetHostEntry(fulladdress);


        Socket s = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.IP);
        s.Connect(entry.AddressList[0], 443);

        NetworkStream ns = new NetworkStream(s);

        System.Net.Security.SslStream ssl = new System.Net.Security.SslStream(ns);
        byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(String.Format(WpfApplication2.Properties.Resources.LogRequest, "https://" + fulladdress, fulladdress, form.Length, username, password));

        ssl.AuthenticateAsClient(fulladdress);
        ssl.Write(data, 0, data.Length);

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        byte[] resp = new byte[128];
        int i = 0;
        while (ssl.Read(resp, 0, 128) > 0)
        {
            sb.Append(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(resp));
        }

        List<String> CookieHeaders = new List<string>();
        foreach (string header in sb.ToString().Split("\n\r".ToCharArray(), StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries))
        {
            if (header.StartsWith("Set-Cookie"))
            {
                CookieHeaders.Add(header.Replace("Set-Cookie: ", ""));
            }
        }

        CookieContainer jar = new CookieContainer();
        foreach (string cook in CookieHeaders)
        {
            string name, value, path, domain;
            name = value = path = domain = "";

            string[] split = cook.Split(';');
            foreach (string part in split)
            {
                if (part.StartsWith(" path="))
                {
                    path = part.Replace(" path=", "");
                }
                if (part.StartsWith(" domain="))
                {
                    domain = part.Replace(" domain=", "");
                }
                if (!part.StartsWith(" path=") && !part.StartsWith(" domain=") && part.Contains("="))
                {
                    name = part.Split('=')[0];
                    value = part.Split('=')[1];
                }
            }

            jar.Add(new Cookie(name, value, path, domain));
        }

        HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("https://" + fulladdress + "/wp-admin/index.php");
        req.UserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.2; en-US; rv:1.9.1.3) Gecko/20090824 Firefox/3.5.3";
        req.Accept = "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8";
        req.KeepAlive = false;
        req.AllowAutoRedirect = false;
        req.Referer = "https://" + fulladdress + "/wp-login.php";
        req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
        req.CookieContainer = jar;
        req.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
        req.AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip;
        req.Method = "GET";
        req.Timeout = 30000;

        HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();

        using (System.IO.StreamReader sr = new System.IO.StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8))
        {
            MessageBox.Show(sr.ReadToEnd());
        }
    }

代码不是非常高效,但它演示了登录管理界面的过程。

希望它能有所帮助 :)


1

很抱歉,我在您的代码中没有发现明显的问题。但是WordPress有一个XML-RPC接口,需要在管理界面中启用。我为这个接口编写了一些Python脚本,效果非常好。


0
TomerBu对我提供了最好的答案,但还有一些东西缺失。

在他的代码中替换:

 foreach (Cookie c in response.Cookies)
            Console.WriteLine(c.Name + " = " + c.Value);

通过

if (response.Cookies != null)
    {
        foreach (Cookie currentcook in response.Cookies)
             request.CookieContainer.Add(currentcook); //This is the key !!!
    }

对于未来的请求,您将需要重复使用CookieContainer。


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