onMeasure()函数被调用，输入为EXACTLY和规格尺寸0。

Question

在调试自定义视图时，我重写了onMeasure()方法，发现有多次调用该方法。
我只处理视图的高度，始终不改变宽度规格。
在某个时刻，我会收到一个（高度）MeasureSpec getMode() == EXACTLY和getSize() == 0的调用。
这没有意义，而且违反了Android文档：

MeasureSpecs are used to push requirements down the tree from parent to child.
A MeasureSpec can be in one of three modes:

UNSPECIFIED: This is used by a parent to determine the desired dimension of a child
view. For example, a LinearLayout may call measure() on its child with the height set
to UNSPECIFIED and a width of EXACTLY 240 to find out how tall the child view wants
to be given a width of 240 pixels.

EXACTLY: This is used by the parent to impose an exact size on the child. The child
must use this size, and guarantee that all of its descendants will fit within this 
size.

AT_MOST: This is used by the parent to impose a maximum size on the child. The child
must guarantee that it and all of its descendants will fit within this size.

如果我按照预期的做法(孩子必须使用这个尺寸)，setMeasureDimension(specWidth, sepcHeight)，我会收到一个异常，告诉我视图的宽度和高度必须>0。
我怀疑这个调用是因为在布局XML中，视图具有layout_weight="1"，并且根据文档建议：

要创建一个线性布局，在屏幕上每个子元素使用相同的空间，请将每个视图的android:layout_height设置为"0dp"

但是，当MeasureSpec模式为EXACTLY时，大小应该>0。或者至少应该在文档中遵循一些规则来解决这些情况。

这是代码：

    int heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
    int specHeight = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
    int specWidth = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);

    int desiredHeight = Math.max(BOX_MIN_HEIGHT, HSVColorPickerPreference.this.boxHeight);

    int chosenHeight = 0;

    super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

    if( heightMode == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED ) {
        chosenHeight = desiredHeight;
    } else if( heightMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST ) {
        chosenHeight = Math.min(specHeight, desiredHeight);
    } else if( heightMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY ) {
        chosenHeight = specHeight;
    }

    setMeasuredDimension(specWidth, chosenHeight);

这是日志，注意最后几次调用onMeasure()：

03-29 08:17:13.388: D/ValueSlider(1384): + onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec:1073742403, heightMeasureSpec:-2147483435)
03-29 08:17:13.388: W/ValueSlider(1384): MeasureSpec AT_MOST, specSize=213, desiredSize=40, chosenSize=40
03-29 08:17:13.388: D/AlphaSlider(1384): + onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec:1073742403, heightMeasureSpec:-2147483435)
03-29 08:17:13.388: W/AlphaSlider(1384): MeasureSpec AT_MOST, specSize=213, desiredSize=40, chosenSize=40
03-29 08:17:13.388: D/ValueSlider(1384): + onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec:1073742403, heightMeasureSpec:1073741824)
03-29 08:17:13.388: W/ValueSlider(1384): MeasureSpec EXACTLY, specSize=0, desiredSize=40, chosenSize=0
03-29 08:17:13.388: D/AlphaSlider(1384): + onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec:1073742403, heightMeasureSpec:1073741824)
03-29 08:17:13.388: W/AlphaSlider(1384): MeasureSpec EXACTLY, specSize=0, desiredSize=40, chosenSize=0
03-29 08:17:13.508: D/ValueSlider(1384): + onSizeChanged(w:579, h:0, oldw:0, oldh:0)
03-29 08:17:13.508: D/AndroidRuntime(1384): Shutting down VM
03-29 08:17:13.508: W/dalvikvm(1384): threadid=1: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0xb2fe0180)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384): java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: width and height must be > 0
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:603)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:585)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at com.UturpatShuPepper.lib.HSVColorPickerPreference$Slider.onSizeChanged(HSVColorPickerPreference.java:962)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.View.setFrame(View.java:11361)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.View.layout(View.java:11272)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:431)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.View.layout(View.java:11278)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:4224)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.widget.LinearLayout.setChildFrame(LinearLayout.java:1628)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.widget.LinearLayout.layoutVertical(LinearLayout.java:1486)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.widget.LinearLayout.onLayout(LinearLayout.java:1399)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.View.layout(View.java:11278)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:4224)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.widget.RelativeLayout.onLayout(RelativeLayout.java:925)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.View.layout(View.java:11278)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:4224)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:431)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.View.layout(View.java:11278)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:4224)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:431)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.View.layout(View.java:11278)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:4224)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.widget.LinearLayout.setChildFrame(LinearLayout.java:1628)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.widget.LinearLayout.layoutVertical(LinearLayout.java:1486)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.widget.LinearLayout.onLayout(LinearLayout.java:1399)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.View.layout(View.java:11278)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:4224)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:431)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.View.layout(View.java:11278)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:4224)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:431)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.View.layout(View.java:11278)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:4224)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.widget.FrameLayout.onLayout(FrameLayout.java:431)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.View.layout(View.java:11278)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.ViewGroup.layout(ViewGroup.java:4224)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals(ViewRootImpl.java:1489)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.view.ViewRootImpl.handleMessage(ViewRootImpl.java:2442)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4424)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:784)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:551)
03-29 08:17:13.518: E/AndroidRuntime(1384):     at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

- ilomambo

Answer 1

我终于明白了Android测量UI组件时要做什么。如果用户（就像我的情况）不遵循简单的规则，则可能会完全没有反应。在 onSizeChanged()方法中检查0大小可以使其变得无害，但最好避免混合测量模式，就像我一样。以下是解释。

我在XML中定义了加权视图（使用layout_weight）。这些是问题中提到的自定义视图。我的错误在于还尝试为视图指定特定的高度。

@Override 
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec)

罪魁祸首是代码行。

int desiredHeight = Math.max(BOX_MIN_HEIGHT, HSVColorPickerPreference.this.boxHeight);

. . . 

    chosenHeight = Math.min(specHeight, desiredHeight);

. . .

这与加权布局的启发式算法相冲突。为什么呢？让我们以三个weight=1的小部件为例，其中一个像上面描述的那样表现不佳。

当LinearLayout对其子元素进行第一遍扫描时，它会让它们变得狂野，并要求它们需要任何想要的大小。在我们的例子中，2个小部件将要求尽可能多的空间，而自定义小部件将要求适度的大小，小于最大值。

第二次扫描是决定性的。LinearLayout不知道其中一个权重小部件请求的比期望少，之前已经为其定义权重了。LinearLayout查看第一次传递的总请求测量并发现它比它所能提供的要多。然后，它计算出溢出量并做另一次扫描，将溢出分配给有权重的小部件。结果，自定义视图小部件必须缩减超过它请求的大小，留下0大小。

这种情况类似于和朋友去喝一杯。你点了一杯啤酒，而你的朋友点了啤酒、薯条、追逐戏等。最终账单均摊给每个人，你最后付了比你喝的啤酒更多的钱。我的自定义视图也是这样。

- ilomambo