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错误 - 无法加载'guard/rspec'或找不到类Guard::Rspec

ruby-on-railsrubyruby-on-rails-4rspec
15

我正在通过Michael Hartl的《Ruby on Rails教程》学习RoR。

现在我尝试使用Guard运行测试。

我的Gemfile文件：

source 'https://rubygems.org'
ruby '2.0.0'
#ruby-gemset=railstutorial_rails_4_0

gem 'rails', '4.0.2'

group :development, :test do
  gem 'sqlite3', '1.3.8'
  gem 'rspec-rails', '2.13.1'
  gem 'guard-rspec', '2.5.0'
end

group :test do
  gem 'selenium-webdriver', '2.35.1'
  gem 'capybara', '2.1.0'
  gem 'libnotify', '0.8.0'
end

gem 'sass-rails', '4.0.1'
gem 'uglifier', '2.1.1'
gem 'coffee-rails', '4.0.1'
gem 'jquery-rails', '3.0.4'
gem 'turbolinks', '1.1.1'
gem 'jbuilder', '1.0.2'

group :doc do
  gem 'sdoc', '0.3.20', require: false
end

group :production do
  gem 'pg', '0.15.1'
  gem 'rails_12factor', '0.0.2'
end

我的 Guard 文件：

require 'active_support/inflector'

guard 'rspec', all_after_pass: false do

  watch('config/routes.rb')
  # Custom Rails Tutorial specs
  watch(%r{^app/controllers/(.+)_(controller)\.rb$}) do |m|
    ["spec/routing/#{m[1]}_routing_spec.rb",
     "spec/#{m[2]}s/#{m[1]}_#{m[2]}_spec.rb",
     "spec/acceptance/#{m[1]}_spec.rb",
     (m[1][/_pages/] ? "spec/requests/#{m[1]}_spec.rb" :
                       "spec/requests/#{m[1].singularize}_pages_spec.rb")]
  end
  watch(%r{^app/views/(.+)/}) do |m|
    (m[1][/_pages/] ? "spec/requests/#{m[1]}_spec.rb" :
                      "spec/requests/#{m[1].singularize}_pages_spec.rb")
  end
  watch(%r{^app/controllers/sessions_controller\.rb$}) do |m|
    "spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb"
  end

end

当我尝试运行 guard（或 bundle exec guard）时，我收到以下错误：

gvyntyk@gvyntyk-r60:~/rails_projects/sample_app$ guard
14:31:28 - INFO - Guard here! It looks like your project has a Gemfile, yet you are running
> [#] `guard` outside of Bundler. If this is your intent, feel free to ignore this
> [#] message. Otherwise, consider using `bundle exec guard` to ensure your
> [#] dependencies are loaded correctly.
> [#] (You can run `guard` with --no-bundler-warning to get rid of this message.)
14:31:29 - ERROR - Could not load 'guard/rspec' or'    ' find class Guard::Rspec
14:31:29 - ERROR - Error is: cannot load such file -- guard/guard
14:31:29 - ERROR - /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p598/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:126:in `require'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p598/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:126:in `require'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-rspec-2.5.0/lib/guard/rspec.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p598/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:135:in `require'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p598/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:135:in `rescue in require'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p598/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:144:in `require'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/plugin_util.rb:105:in `rescue in plugin_class'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/plugin_util.rb:97:in `plugin_class'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/plugin_util.rb:56:in `initialize_plugin'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/internals/plugins.rb:26:in `add'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/dsl.rb:185:in `block in guard'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/dsl.rb:182:in `each'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/dsl.rb:182:in `guard'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/rails_projects/sample_app/Guardfile:3:in `evaluate'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/dsl.rb:377:in `instance_eval'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/dsl.rb:377:in `evaluate'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/guardfile/evaluator.rb:90:in `evaluate'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard.rb:134:in `_evaluate'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard.rb:49:in `setup'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/commander.rb:32:in `start'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/cli/environments/valid.rb:16:in `start_guard'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/cli.rb:113:in `start'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/command.rb:27:in `run'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/invocation.rb:126:in `invoke_command'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor.rb:359:in `dispatch'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/base.rb:440:in `start'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/aruba_adapter.rb:32:in `execute'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/aruba_adapter.rb:19:in `execute!'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/gems/guard-2.11.1/bin/guard:11:in `<top (required)>'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/bin/guard:23:in `load'
> [#] /home/gvyntyk/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p598@railstutorial_rails_4_0/bin/guard:23:in `<main>'
14:31:29 - ERROR - Invalid Guardfile, original error is: 
> [#] 
> [#] Could not load class: "Rspec", 
> [#] backtrace: 
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/plugin_util.rb:57:in `initialize_plugin'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/internals/plugins.rb:26:in `add'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/dsl.rb:185:in `block in guard'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/dsl.rb:182:in `each'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/dsl.rb:182:in `guard'
> [#]   (dsl)> ./Guardfile:3:in `evaluate'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/dsl.rb:377:in `instance_eval'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/dsl.rb:377:in `evaluate'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/guardfile/evaluator.rb:90:in `evaluate'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard.rb:134:in `_evaluate'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard.rb:49:in `setup'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/commander.rb:32:in `start'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/cli/environments/valid.rb:16:in `start_guard'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/cli.rb:113:in `start'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/command.rb:27:in `run'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/invocation.rb:126:in `invoke_command'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor.rb:359:in `dispatch'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/thor-0.19.1/lib/thor/base.rb:440:in `start'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/aruba_adapter.rb:32:in `execute'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/lib/guard/aruba_adapter.rb:19:in `execute!'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/gems/guard-2.11.1/bin/guard:11:in `<top (required)>'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/bin/guard:23:in `load'
> [#]   (dsl)> $GEM_PATH[0]/bin/guard:23:in `<main>'
< p > 顺便说一句：< /p >
gem list | grep guard
guard (2.11.1)
guard-compat (1.2.1)
guard-rspec (2.5.0)

有什么问题吗？

如果您明确将gem 'guard'添加到Gemfile中会发生什么？ - davidfurber
怎么做？只需在 group :development, :test 中添加一行 "gem 'guard'" 吗？我已经在这个组中添加了以下几行：gem 'guard'，gem 'guard', '2.11.1'，但是没有帮助我。 - Gvyntyk
如果按照这里的说明在Gemfile中添加"gem 'guard', require: false"，并在Guardfile中添加"guard :rspec, cmd: 'bundle exec rspec'"，会发生什么呢：https://github.com/guard/guard-rspec - davidfurber
我按照指示更改了代码中的一行，即 "gem 'guard-rspec'，'2.5.0'，require: false"，并更改了Guard-file文件，但仍然出现错误 :( - Gvyntyk
4个回答
14

这个错误花费了更多时间，但我找到了正确的方法。

$ cd <appfolder>
$ vim Gemfile

instead of 
gem 'guard-rspec', '2.5.0'
replace on
gem 'guard-rspec', '4.6.0'


instead of 
gem 'rspec-rails', '2.13.1'
replace on
gem 'rspec-rails', '3.3.2'

并且

$ bundle update
$ bundle exec guard init rspec

Guardfile将会是正确的。

3
我曾经遇到过同样的问题，最终发现我的一些gem依赖版本阻止了我的guard-rspec gem更新到最新版本（4.5.0），而核心的guard gem已经更新到2.12.5。一旦我解决了阻止我的guard-rspec版本前进的问题，一切都突然正常了。
尝试编辑您的Gemfile并删除其中所有固定版本（不要删除gem行，只删除版本参数），除了Rails gem条目（保留4.0.2）。 然后运行bundle update，看看是否解决了您的问题。
0

我也遇到了m.Hartl的问题：

guard init rspec之后出现了错误：

16:31:39 - ERROR - Could not load 'guard/rspec' or '~/.guard/templates/rspec' or find class Guard::Rspec
16:31:39 - ERROR - Error is: No such file or directory - /home/andrey/.guard/templates/rspec

由于我是新手，我花了很多时间解决这个问题。 我理解的问题在于rspec 2.13和guard-rspec不兼容，后者需要rspec 2.14或更高版本。 最后，我只需运行bundle update来更新我的gems。不知道将来是否会给我带来任何问题，但现在它可以工作了！)

0

您可以根据@Igor的建议更新以下内容

$ cd <appfolder>

$ vim Gemfile

而不是

gem 'guard-rspec', '2.5.0'

替换开启

gem 'guard-rspec', '4.6.0'

而不是

gem 'rspec-rails', '2.13.1'

替换开。
gem 'rspec-rails', '3.3.2'

然而，当你运行rspec时，你会遇到问题。

因此，也要更新以下版本。

而不是

gem 'capybara', '2.1.0'

使用替换

gem 'capybara', '~> 2.2'
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