在 AppleScript 中向 CSV 列写入数据

3
所以我正在使用AppleScript编写脚本,需要将内容写入CSV的列中。我已经从CSV中读取了数据,并且有关如何写入CSV的代码,但它根本不写入。我想在第22列上写入。目前,我可以从该列中读取,但是我不确定如何编辑该列。或者是否有一种方法可以编辑Excel中特定的单元格,例如A3,以显示“是”。以下是我的代码。
set theFile to (choose file)
set f to read theFile

-- break the file into paragraphs (c.f. rows)
repeat with row in (paragraphs of f)
    -- parse the row into comma-delimited fields
    set fields to parseCSV(row as text)
    -- now you have your data:
    set verifyAccountStatus to item 22 of fields
    set theResult to writeTo(verifyAccountStatus, "Yes", text, true)

end repeat

on parseCSV(theText)
    set {od, my text item delimiters} to {my text item delimiters, ","}
    set parsedText to text items of theText
    set my text item delimiters to od
    return parsedText
end parseCSV

on writeTo(targetFile, theData, dataType, apendData)
    -- targetFile is the path to the file you want to write
    -- theData is the data you want in the file.
    -- dataType is the data type of theData and it can be text, list, record etc.
    -- apendData is true to append theData to the end of the current contents of the file or false to overwrite it
    try
        set openFile to open for access file targetFile with write permission
        if apendData is false then set eof of openFile to 0
        write theData to openFile starting at eof as dataType
        close access openFile
        return true
    on error
        try
            close access file targetFile
        end try
        return false
    end try
end writeTo

编辑: 由于某些原因,当我运行这个时它不起作用。

set theFile to (choose file)
set openFile to open for access theFile with write permission
do shell script "awk -F, '$1 ~ /Line 7/{$22=\"hello\"} 1' openFile"
close access openFile

它说无法打开文件openFile。

1个回答

2
也许考虑使用在OS X中已内置的awk来完成这个任务。假设文件名为file.csv,它是逗号分隔的,看起来像这样:
Line 0,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,16
Line 1,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,44
Line 2,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,93
Line 3,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,96
Line 4,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,19
Line 5,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,77
Line 6,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,30
Line 7,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,30
Line 8,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,1
Line 9,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,96

如果您在终端中运行此 awk 脚本,它将把所有的 field22 条目更改为 "Hello"。

awk -F, '{$22="hello"}1' OFS=, file.csv

并为您提供以下内容:
Line 0,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,hello,f23,f24,16
Line 1,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,hello,f23,f24,44
Line 2,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,hello,f23,f24,93
Line 3,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,hello,f23,f24,96
Line 4,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,hello,f23,f24,19
Line 5,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,hello,f23,f24,77
Line 6,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,hello,f23,f24,30
Line 7,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,hello,f23,f24,30
Line 8,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,hello,f23,f24,1
Line 9,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,hello,f23,f24,96

如果您想要将内容保存在新文件中,只需像这样重定向输出即可:

命令示例:

awk -F, '{$22="hello"}1' OFS=, file.csv > newfile.csv

您可以使用Applescript调用此功能:

do shell script "awk -F, '{$22=\"hello\"} 1' file.csv > newFile.csv"

如果你想让用户从对话框窗口中选择文件,那么文件名将会在Applescript变量中 - 在你的示例中,它被称为theFile。然后你需要将其转换为shell和awk能够理解的文件名,并引用它并将其传递给shell,类似于以下内容:
do shell script "awk -F, '{$22=\"hello\"} 1'  & quoted form of POSIX path of theFile & " > /tmp/a"

如果您只想更改包含任何位置的“77”的行上的字段22,请执行以下操作:

awk -F, '/77/ {$22="hello"} 1' file.csv

Line 0,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,16
Line 1,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,44
Line 2,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,93
Line 3,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,96
Line 4,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,19
Line 5 field2 field3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f9 f10 f11 f12 f13 f14 f15 f16 f17 f18 f19 f20 f21 hello f23 f24 77
Line 6,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,30
Line 7,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,30
Line 8,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,1
Line 9,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,96

如果您只想在“行7”匹配的字段1上更改field22,则可以执行以下操作:
awk -F, '$1 ~ /Line 7/ {$22="hello"} 1' file.csv
Line 0,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,16
Line 1,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,44
Line 2,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,93
Line 3,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,96
Line 4,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,19
Line 5,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,77
Line 6,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,30
Line 7 field2 field3 f4 f5 f6 f7 f8 f9 f10 f11 f12 f13 f14 f15 f16 f17 f18 f19 f20 f21 hello f23 f24 30
Line 8,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,1
Line 9,field2,field3,f4,f5,f6,f7,f8,f9,f10,f11,f12,f13,f14,f15,f16,f17,f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,96

注意:

-F, 只是告诉 awk 输入字段是以逗号分隔的。而 OFS=, 则是告诉 awk 以逗号作为输出字段的分隔符。


谢谢您的回答!我可以尝试一下,但是您知道是否可能仅编辑该列中的一个值吗? - Will
应该是哪一个?我们怎么知道呢? - Mark Setchell
在注释中阅读代码非常困难 - 你能否在原始问题下点击“编辑”并添加所有信息?我猜你的引用可能不正确... - Mark Setchell
我在我的回答中添加了一个示例-基本上需要在整个命令周围加上双引号,并且需要使用反斜杠转义命令中的任何双引号-无需转义单引号。 - Mark Setchell
我已经添加了一些更多的解释 - 请再看一下。您想覆盖现有文件还是创建一个新文件? - Mark Setchell
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