获取特殊字符 « 和 » 包含之外的所有双引号字符

Question

我想从所有位于括号«和»之外的子字符串中获取所有双引号，并用转义字符和双引号（即\"）替换它们。例如：

输入字符串：

'The first generally recognized "wiki" application,«"WikiWikiWeb"», was created by American computer programmer "Ward Cunningham" in 1994'

期望输出：

'The first generally recognized \"wiki\" application,«"WikiWikiWeb"», was created by American computer programmer \"Ward Cunningham\" in 1994'

我尝试了以下代码。

string = '''The first generally recognized "wiki" application,«"WikiWikiWeb"», was created by American computer programmer "Ward Cunningham" in 1994'''

import re
arr = re.findall(r'(.*?)\«.*?\»', string)
for tag in arr :
 new_tag = tag.replace('"','\\"')
 string = string.replace(tag, new_tag)

Output: The first generally recognized \"wiki\" application,«"WikiWikiWeb"», was created by American computer programmer "Ward Cunningham" in 1994

这段代码的问题在于正则表达式没有给我所有的子字符串，包括第二个子字符串。期望的结果应该是: ['第一个被广泛认知的"wiki"应用程序','是由美国计算机程序员"Ward Cunningham"在1994年创建的']. 我希望正则表达式能够给我所有的引号内容，而不是其它特殊字符所包含的子字符串本身。

- SheetalJagtap

Answer 1

string = '''The first generally recognized "wiki" application,«blah"WikiWikiWeb"blah», was created by American computer programmer "Ward Cunningham" in 1994'''

import re
arr = re.findall(r'«.*?»|(".+?")', string)
for tag in arr :
  new_tag = tag.replace('"','\\"')
  string = string.replace(tag, new_tag)

print string

输出：

The first generally recognized \"wiki\" application,«blah"WikiWikiWeb"blah», was created by American computer programmer \"Ward Cunningham\" in 1994

- Toto

Answer 2

您可以使用此正则表达式模式：

string = re.sub(r'(?<!\«)"(?!\»)','\\"',string)

"(?<!«)"是负回顾后发现，意思是查找不跟在«后面的"。 而(?!»)是负预测先行，具有相同的效果，但向后工作。"

- fmoradi

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@SheetalJagtap：如果在«和"之间有字符，例如«blah"text"blah»，它就无法正常工作。 - Toto