SQL: 合并日期范围

Question

SQL: 合并日期范围

11

我有一个表，描述了业务工作日历的工作时间段：（日期格式为24小时格式）

PK  | STARTDATE          | ENDDATE
__________________________________________
1   | 2012/07/21 02:00   | 2012/07/21 04:00
2   | 2012/07/21 03:00   | 2012/07/21 10:00
3   | 2012/07/21 06:00   | 2012/07/21 17:00
4   | 2012/07/21 18:00   | 2012/07/21 19:00

现在，我想要将日期范围合并（在给定的开始和结束日期内），像这样：

PK  | STARTDATE          | ENDDATE
__________________________________________
1   | 2012/07/21 02:00   | 2012/07/21 17:00
2   | 2012/07/21 18:00   | 2012/07/21 19:00

是否有使用SQL97标准实现这个的方法？如果是，那么另外的操作如何处理（例如，如果我想要执行反向合并，结果应该是什么）

PK  | STARTDATE          | ENDDATE
__________________________________________
1   | 2012/07/21 00:00   | 2012/07/21 02:00
2   | 2012/07/21 19:00   | 2012/07/22 00:00

- user1552089

4

欢迎来到Stack Overflow。你使用的是哪个数据库和版本？ - Mark Byers

1

你的区间重叠了，不是连续的。如果没有窗口/分析函数，这很难解决。为什么在2012年还限制自己使用SQL 97标准？ - Gordon Linoff

我必须限制为SQL97，因为我们目前正在使用Oracle 10g，并将来要切换到DB2... - user1552089

3个回答

0

这是我的解决方案。

IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#tblDates') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE #tblDates

CREATE TABLE #tblDates (AutoId INT IDENTITY, StartDate DATE, EndDate DATE)

INSERT #tblDates (StartDate, EndDate) SELECT '2014-11-02', '2014-11-08'
INSERT #tblDates (StartDate, EndDate) SELECT '2014-11-07', '2014-11-10'
INSERT #tblDates (StartDate, EndDate) SELECT '2014-11-06', '2014-11-12'

INSERT #tblDates (StartDate, EndDate) SELECT '2014-11-02', '2014-11-15'

INSERT #tblDates (StartDate, EndDate) SELECT '2014-12-10', '2014-12-13'
INSERT #tblDates (StartDate, EndDate) SELECT '2014-12-12', '2014-12-15'
INSERT #tblDates (StartDate, EndDate) SELECT '2014-12-14', '2014-12-16'


-- Optional / Remove the duplicated records of same StartDate and EndDate
DELETE FROM #tblDates WHERE AutoId NOT IN (SELECT MAX(AutoId) FROM #tblDates GROUP BY StartDate, EndDate)

-- Optional / Get only the record with max EndDate grouped by StartDate, Remove Others
DELETE  d1
FROM    #tblDates d1
        JOIN (SELECT x.StartDate, MAX(x.EndDate) MAXEndDate FROM #tblDates x GROUP BY x.StartDate) d2 ON d2.StartDate = d1.StartDate AND d2.MAXEndDate != d1.EndDate

-- Optional / Get only the record with min StartDate grouped by EndDate, Remove Others
DELETE  d1
FROM    #tblDates d1
        JOIN (SELECT x.EndDate, MIN(x.StartDate) MINStartDate FROM #tblDates x GROUP BY x.EndDate) d2 ON d2.EndDate = d1.EndDate AND d2.MINStartDate != d1.StartDate

-- Optional / Remove the overlapping ranges of relevant StartDate and EndDate
DELETE  c
FROM    #tblDates p
        JOIN #tblDates c ON c.AutoId != p.AutoId AND c.StartDate BETWEEN p.StartDate AND p.EndDate AND c.EndDate BETWEEN p.StartDate AND p.EndDate


;WITH Ranges
AS
(
    SELECT  s.StartDate, s.EndDate
    FROM    #tblDates s
            LEFT JOIN #tblDates a ON a.AutoId != s.AutoId AND s.StartDate BETWEEN a.StartDate AND a.EndDate AND s.StartDate != a.StartDate
    WHERE   a.AutoId IS NULL
    UNION ALL
    SELECT  r.StartDate, d.EndDate
    FROM    Ranges r
            JOIN #tblDates d ON r.EndDate != d.EndDate AND r.EndDate BETWEEN d.StartDate AND d.EndDate
)

SELECT StartDate, MAX(EndDate) EndDate FROM Ranges GROUP BY StartDate

- gencakadir

0

根据ErikE的回复：

IF(object_id('dbo.Periods') is not null)
    drop table Periods

go
create table Periods (
    StartDate date not null,
    EndDate date not null
)
go
insert into Periods(StartDate,EndDate)
select '1980-01-01','1980-01-10' union all
select '1980-01-03','1980-01-07' union all

select '2000-01-01','2000-01-10' union all
select '2000-01-05','2000-01-30' union all
select '2000-01-12','2000-01-20' union all

select '2021-01-01','2021-01-01'
go

; with LeadLag AS (
   SELECT     
     rownum = row_number() OVER( ORDER BY StartDate),
     PrevEndDate = Coalesce(Lag(EndDate) OVER (ORDER BY StartDate), Convert(datetime2, '0001-01-01')), 
     p.*
   FROM Periods p
), Dates AS (
   SELECT
        StartDate = CASE WHEN PrevEndDate < StartDate THEN StartDate ELSE NULL END,
        EndDate,           
        rownum
   FROM   LeadLag
), startGrouping AS (
   SELECT
      StartDate =  max(StartDate) OVER (ORDER BY rownum rows UNBOUNDED PRECEDING),
      EndDate,
      rownum
   FROM Dates
),
 groups AS (
   SELECT
      StartDate,
      EndDate,
      rownum,
      ingroupRownum = row_number() OVER(PARTITION BY StartDate ORDER BY EndDate desc)
   FROM startGrouping e1
)
SELECT StartDate, EndDate
from groups
WHERE  ingroupRownum = 1

- Adelos

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- Andomar · Accepted Answer

这里是一个使用SQL Server语法的例子。首先它确定“头部”，或没有前面重叠行的行。为了确定“头部”的最后一个“子元素”，它查找比下一个“头部”小的最后一行。以下是SQL语句:

; with  heads as
        (
        select  row_number() over (order by head.StartDate) as PK
        ,       *
        from    YourTable head
        where   not exists 
                (
                select  *
                from    YourTable prev
                where   prev.StartDate < head.StartDate
                        and head.StartDate < prev.EndDate
                )
        )
select  row_number() over (order by h.StartDate) as PK
,       h.StartDate
,       max(yt.EndDate) as EndDate
from    heads h
left join
        heads nh
on      nh.PK = h.PK + 1
left join
        YourTable yt
on      h.StartDate <= yt.StartDate
        and (yt.StartDate < nh.StartDate or nh.StartDate is null)
group by
        h.StartDate

Live example at SQL Fiddle.