将SVG图像嵌入LaTeX文档

Question

我想在LaTeX文档中包含一个svg文件。

a.svg（已提供）

a.pdf（目标）

我使用OpenOffice创建了表格，将其导出为pdf文件，然后导入inkscape并保存为svg文件。

我尝试过的方法

直接包含svg

我尝试使用SVG程序包直接包含给定的svg文件：

\usepackage{svg}
...
\includesvg{img/a}

但是它没有编译成功，因为pdflatex找不到文件a。我也尝试了a.svg，但没有成功:(

即时导出PDF

按照J. Engelen的建议，我尝试使用pdflatex - enable-write18或--shell-escape生成pdf文件，但它除了抛出一个错误，指出缺少.pdf_tex文件外，什么也没做。

先导出PDF/pdf_tex再引用

我使用inkscape v. 0.92导出了svg文件:

inkscape -D -z --file=a.svg --export-pdf=a.pdf --export-latex

我得到了一个包含空白表格的.pdf文件： 和一个包含以下内容的.pdf_tex文件：

%% Creator: Inkscape inkscape 0.92.1, www.inkscape.org
%% PDF/EPS/PS + LaTeX output extension by Johan Engelen, 2010
%% Accompanies image file 'RLE1.pdf' (pdf, eps, ps)
%%
%% To include the image in your LaTeX document, write
%%   \input{<filename>.pdf_tex}
%%  instead of
%%   \includegraphics{<filename>.pdf}
%% To scale the image, write
%%   \def\svgwidth{<desired width>}
%%   \input{<filename>.pdf_tex}
%%  instead of
%%   \includegraphics[width=<desired width>]{<filename>.pdf}
%%
%% Images with a different path to the parent latex file can
%% be accessed with the `import' package (which may need to be
%% installed) using
%%   \usepackage{import}
%% in the preamble, and then including the image with
%%   \import{<path to file>}{<filename>.pdf_tex}
%% Alternatively, one can specify
%%   \graphicspath{{<path to file>/}}
%% 
%% For more information, please see info/svg-inkscape on CTAN:
%%   http://tug.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/svg-inkscape
%%
\begingroup%
  \makeatletter%
  \providecommand\color[2][]{%
    \errmessage{(Inkscape) Color is used for the text in Inkscape, but the package 'color.sty' is not loaded}%
    \renewcommand\color[2][]{}%
  }%
  \providecommand\transparent[1]{%
    \errmessage{(Inkscape) Transparency is used (non-zero) for the text in Inkscape, but the package 'transparent.sty' is not loaded}%
    \renewcommand\transparent[1]{}%
  }%
  \providecommand\rotatebox[2]{#2}%
  \ifx\svgwidth\undefined%
    \setlength{\unitlength}{608.85768187bp}%
    \ifx\svgscale\undefined%
      \relax%
    \else%
      \setlength{\unitlength}{\unitlength * \real{\svgscale}}%
    \fi%
  \else%
    \setlength{\unitlength}{\svgwidth}%
  \fi%
  \global\let\svgwidth\undefined%
  \global\let\svgscale\undefined%
  \makeatother%
  \begin{picture}(1,0.13941476)%
    \put(0.12815803,0.12595718){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{352}}}%
    \put(0.18117534,0.12595718){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{320}}}%
    \put(0.23419265,0.12595718){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{288}}}%
    \put(0.28720997,0.12595718){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{256}}}%
    \put(0.34027656,0.12595718){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{224}}}%
    \put(0.39329387,0.12595718){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{192}}}%
    \put(0.44631119,0.12595718){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{160}}}%
    \put(0.4993285,0.12595718){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{128}}}%
    \put(0.56160906,0.12595718){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{96}}}%
    \put(0.61462638,0.12595718){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{64}}}%
    \put(0.66767654,0.12595718){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{32}}}%
    \put(0.7299571,0.12595718){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0}}}%
    \put(0.12007732,0.10191216){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x1}}}%
    \put(0.17309463,0.10191216){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x1}}}%
    \put(0.22611195,0.10191216){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x3}}}%
    \put(0.27912926,0.10191216){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x2}}}%
    \put(0.33214658,0.10191216){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x2}}}%
    \put(0.38521317,0.10191216){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x1}}}%
    \put(0.43823048,0.10191216){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x1}}}%
    \put(0.49124779,0.10191216){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x1}}}%
    \put(0.54426511,0.10191216){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x1}}}%
    \put(0.59728242,0.10191216){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x1}}}%
    \put(0.65033259,0.10191216){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x1}}}%
    \put(0.7033499,0.10191216){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x1}}}%
    \put(0.39329387,0.03056543){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{192}}}%
    \put(0.44631119,0.03056543){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{160}}}%
    \put(0.4993285,0.03056543){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{128}}}%
    \put(0.56160906,0.03056543){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{96}}}%
    \put(0.61462638,0.03056543){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{64}}}%
    \put(0.66767654,0.03056543){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{32}}}%
    \put(0.7299571,0.03056543){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0}}}%
    \put(0.33214658,0.00652041){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\textit{0}\textit{x}\textit{2}}}}%
    \put(0.38521317,0.00652041){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x1}}}%
    \put(0.43823048,0.00652041){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\textit{0}\textit{x}\textit{1}}}}%
    \put(0.49124779,0.00652041){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x3}}}%
    \put(0.54426511,0.00652041){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\textit{0}\textit{x}\textit{2}}}}%
    \put(0.59728242,0.00652041){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x2}}}%
    \put(0.65033259,0.00652041){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{\textit{0}\textit{x}\textit{7}}}}%
    \put(0.7033499,0.00652041){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{0x1}}}%
    \put(0.04755463,0.10270052){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{…}}}%
    \put(0.15358269,0.00730877){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{…}}}%
    \put(0.82929066,0.10210925){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{unkomprimierte Daten}}}%
    \put(0.90260828,0.05441337){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{RleCompress}}}%
    \put(0.84821134,0.0067175){\color[rgb]{0,0,0}\makebox(0,0)[lb]{\smash{komprimierte Daten}}}%
    \put(0,0){\includegraphics[width=\unitlength,page=44]{img/a.pdf}}%
  \end{picture}%
\endgroup%

我在LaTeX中使用这个文件的方式如下：

\begin{figure}
    \centering
    \def\svgwidth{\textwidth}
    \input{a.pdf_tex}    
\end{figure}

从我的LaTeX文件生成的.pdf文件看起来像这样：

正如大家所看到的，斜体字体样式完全是由inkscape导出的， 字体颜色根本没有被导出。

索引值的LaTeX字体大小应该是\tiny。 当然，我可以手动更改字体样式，但这对我来说似乎不是一个合适的方法。

此外，当我尝试使用\tiny调整它们的大小时，绕着索引值的框行为如下：

有人知道如何正确导入包含文本的svg文件到LaTeX文档中，并保留所有字体样式和颜色，当然还要保留定位吗？

真诚地

- Hymir

---

这个问题是一个重复的问题，应该在TeX - LaTeX Stack Exchange网站上提出，原问题链接为https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/2099/how-to-include-svg-diagrams-in-latex。这个问题并不主要涉及编程，而是涉及使用LaTeX。 - banan3'14

Answer 1

我知道这个帖子已经有4年了，但是既然我找到了这里，也许其他人也会来。

inkscape -D -z等语法已经被Inkscape的新版本所废弃，替代方法如下：

inkscape --export-filename=yourpdfoutput.pdf yoursvginput.svg

请参见手册或在线文档https://inkscape.org/doc/inkscape-man.html以获取更多详细信息。

- Sixten

Answer 2

奇怪的是，你使用的方法对我来说完全有效，但是我从转换中获得了一个不同的pdf_tex文件。

b.pdf_tex

%% Creator: Inkscape inkscape 0.92.1, www.inkscape.org
%% PDF/EPS/PS + LaTeX output extension by Johan Engelen, 2010
%% Accompanies image file 'b.pdf' (pdf, eps, ps)
%%
%% To include the image in your LaTeX document, write
%%   \input{<filename>.pdf_tex}
%%  instead of
%%   \includegraphics{<filename>.pdf}
%% To scale the image, write
%%   \def\svgwidth{<desired width>}
%%   \input{<filename>.pdf_tex}
%%  instead of
%%   \includegraphics[width=<desired width>]{<filename>.pdf}
%%
%% Images with a different path to the parent latex file can
%% be accessed with the `import' package (which may need to be
%% installed) using
%%   \usepackage{import}
%% in the preamble, and then including the image with
%%   \import{<path to file>}{<filename>.pdf_tex}
%% Alternatively, one can specify
%%   \graphicspath{{<path to file>/}}
%% 
%% For more information, please see info/svg-inkscape on CTAN:
%%   http://tug.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/svg-inkscape
%%
\begingroup%
  \makeatletter%
  \providecommand\color[2][]{%
    \errmessage{(Inkscape) Color is used for the text in Inkscape, but the package 'color.sty' is not loaded}%
    \renewcommand\color[2][]{}%
  }%
  \providecommand\transparent[1]{%
    \errmessage{(Inkscape) Transparency is used (non-zero) for the text in Inkscape, but the package 'transparent.sty' is not loaded}%
   \renewcommand\transparent[1]{}%
  }%
  \providecommand\rotatebox[2]{#2}%
  \ifx\svgwidth\undefined%
    \setlength{\unitlength}{798bp}%
    \ifx\svgscale\undefined%
      \relax%
    \else%
      \setlength{\unitlength}{\unitlength * \real{\svgscale}}%
    \fi%
  \else%
    \setlength{\unitlength}{\svgwidth}%
  \fi%
  \global\let\svgwidth\undefined%
  \global\let\svgscale\undefined%
  \makeatother%
  \begin{picture}(1,0.23026316)%
    \put(0,0){\includegraphics[width=\unitlength,page=1]{b.pdf}}%
  \end{picture}%
\endgroup%

test.tex

\documentclass[10pt]{scrreprt}

\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}
    \centering
    \def\svgwidth{\columnwidth}
    \input{b.pdf_tex}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

这将导致如下结果： 我的Inkscape版本是Inkscape 0.92.1 r pdfTeX 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.17 (TeX Live 2016/Arch Linux) kpathsea版本6.2.2

- vonAlenberg

---

这很奇怪，不是吗？我的设置是：Inkscape 0.92.1 未知pdfTeX 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.17（TeX Live 2016） - Hymir

你在Inkscape中进行了某种后处理吗？比如为文本设置锚点？ - Hymir

你是怎么生成这个表格的？和我一样的方式：openoffice -> pdf -> inkscape -> svg -> inkscape -> pdf/pdf_tex 或者你使用了inkscape中的table_extension之类的工具吗？ - Hymir

我刚刚下载了你上传的图片，在Inkscape中打开，然后保存为svg格式，并使用上述命令进行转换。没有什么特别或花哨的。 - vonAlenberg