我有以下 PowerShell 脚本段落：
$source = 'd:\t1\*'
$dest = 'd:\t2'
$exclude = @('*.pdb','*.config')
Copy-Item $source $dest -Recurse -Force -Exclude $exclude
以下代码能够将t1文件夹下的所有文件和文件夹复制到t2，但是它只会排除"root"/"first-level"文件夹中的排除列表，而不会排除子文件夹中的排除列表。
如何使其在所有文件夹中排除排除列表？
$source = 'd:\t1'
$dest = 'd:\t2'
$exclude = @('*.pdb','*.config')
Get-ChildItem $source -Recurse -Exclude $exclude | Copy-Item -Destination {Join-Path $dest $_.FullName.Substring($source.length)}
我也遇到了这个问题，花了20分钟尝试了这里提供的解决方案，但仍然存在问题。
所以我选择使用robocopy - 好吧，它不是powershell，但应该在支持powershell的任何地方都可以使用。
它直接起效了：
robocopy $source $dest /S /XF <file patterns to exclude> /XD <directory patterns to exclude>
例如
robocopy $source $dest /S /XF *.csproj /XD obj Properties Controllers Models
此外，它还具有许多功能，例如可恢复复制。 文档在这里。
由于注释格式的代码不好，我会将其发布为答案，但这只是对@landyman的答案的补充。 建议的脚本有一个缺点-它将创建双重嵌套的文件夹。例如，对于“d：\ t1 \ sub1”，它将创建一个空目录“d：\ t2 \ sub1 \ sub1”。这是因为复制目录的Copy-Item期望在-Destination属性中包含父目录名称，而不是目录名称本身。 这是我找到的解决方法：
Get-ChildItem -Path $from -Recurse -Exclude $exclude | Copy-Item -Force -Destination {
if ($_.GetType() -eq [System.IO.FileInfo]) {
Join-Path $to $_.FullName.Substring($from.length)
} else {
Join-Path $to $_.Parent.FullName.Substring($from.length)
}
}
SYNTAX
Copy-Item [[-Destination] <String>] [-Confirm] [-Container] [-Credential <PSCredential>] [-Exclude <String[]>] [-Filter <String>] [-Force] [-FromSession <PSSession>] [-Include
<String[]>] -LiteralPath <String[]> [-PassThru] [-Recurse] [-ToSession <PSSession>] [-UseTransaction] [-WhatIf] [<CommonParameters>]
PS > $omissions = @("*.iso","*.pdf","*.zip","*.msi")
PS > $omissions.GetType()
Note the result....
IsPublic IsSerial Name BaseType
-------- -------- ---- --------
True True Object[] System.Array
而这个可以运作……例如：
PS > $omissions = [string[]]@("*.iso","*.pdf","*.zip","*.msi")
**or**
PS > [string[]]$omissions = ("*.iso,*.pdf,*.zip,*.msi").split(',')
PS > $omissions.GetType()
IsPublic IsSerial Name BaseType
-------- -------- ---- --------
True True String[] System.Array
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- cd $sourcelocation
ls | ?{$_ -ne $null} | ?{$_.BaseName -notmatch "^\.$"} | %{$_.Name} | cp -Destination $targetDir -Exclude $omissions -recurse -ErrorAction silentlycontinue
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$source = 'c:\tmp\foo'
$dest = 'c:\temp\foo'
$exclude = '\.bak'
Get-ChildItem $source -Recurse | where {$_.FullName -notmatch $exclude} |
Copy-Item -Destination {Join-Path $dest $_.FullName.Substring($source.length)}
$source = 'c:\tmp\foo'
$dest = 'c:\temp\foo'
$exclude = @('*.pdb', '*.config')
Get-ChildItem $source -Recurse -Exclude $exclude |
where-object {$_.lastwritetime -gt "8/24/2011 10:26 pm"} |
Copy-Item -Destination {Join-Path $dest $_.FullName.Substring($source.length)}
$sourcePath="I:\MSSQL\Backup\Full"
$excludedFiles=@("MASTER", "DBA", "MODEL", "MSDB")
$sourceFiles=(ls $sourcePath -recurse -file) | where-object { $_.directory.name -notin $excludedFiles }
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True,Position=1)][string]$sourceDirectory,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$True,Position=2)][string]$destinationDirectory
)
$sourceDI = [System.IO.DirectoryInfo]$sourceDirectory
$destinationDI = [System.IO.DirectoryInfo]$destinationDirectory
$itemsToCopy = Get-ChildItem $sourceDirectory -Recurse -Exclude @('*.cs', 'Views\Mimicry\*')
foreach ($item in $itemsToCopy){
$subPath = $item.FullName.Substring($sourceDI.FullName.Length)
$destination = Join-Path $destinationDirectory $subPath
if ($item -is [System.IO.DirectoryInfo]){
$itemDI = [System.IO.DirectoryInfo]$item
if ($itemDI.Parent.FullName.TrimEnd("\") -eq $sourceDI.FullName.TrimEnd("\")){
$destination = $destinationDI.FullName
}
}
$itemOutput = New-Object PSObject
$itemOutput | Add-Member -Type NoteProperty -Name Source -Value $item.FullName
$itemOutput | Add-Member -Type NoteProperty -Name Destination -Value $destination
$itemOutput | Format-List
Copy-Item -Path $item.FullName -Destination $destination -Force
}
我遇到了类似的问题，需要稍微扩展一下。我想要一个适用于像这样的源的解决方案
$source = "D:\scripts\*.sql"
我找到了这个解决方案：
function Copy-ToCreateFolder
{
param(
[string]$src,
[string]$dest,
$exclude,
[switch]$Recurse
)
# The problem with Copy-Item -Rec -Exclude is that -exclude effects only top-level files
# Copy-Item $src $dest -Exclude $exclude -EA silentlycontinue -Recurse:$recurse
# https://dev59.com/gHRB5IYBdhLWcg3wETxJ
if (Test-Path($src))
{
# Nonstandard: I create destination directories on the fly
[void](New-Item $dest -itemtype directory -EA silentlycontinue )
Get-ChildItem -Path $src -Force -exclude $exclude | % {
if ($_.psIsContainer)
{
if ($Recurse) # Non-standard: I don't want to copy empty directories
{
$sub = $_
$p = Split-path $sub
$currentfolder = Split-Path $sub -leaf
#Get-ChildItem $_ -rec -name -exclude $exclude -Force | % { "{0} {1}" -f $p, "$currentfolder\$_" }
[void](New-item $dest\$currentfolder -type directory -ea silentlycontinue)
Get-ChildItem $_ -Recurse:$Recurse -name -exclude $exclude -Force | % { Copy-item $sub\$_ $dest\$currentfolder\$_ }
}
}
else
{
#"{0} {1}" -f (split-path $_.fullname), (split-path $_.fullname -leaf)
Copy-Item $_ $dest
}
}
}
}
使用正则表达式进行排除的一种将项目从一个文件夹复制到另一个文件夹的方法：
$source = '.\source'
$destination = '.\destination'
$exclude = '.*\.pdf$|.*\.mp4$|\\folder1(\\|$)|\\folder2(\\|$)'
$itemsToCopy = Get-ChildItem $source -Recurse |
Where-Object FullName -notmatch $exclude | Select-Object -Expand FullName
$sourceFullNameLength = (Get-Item $source).FullName.Length
foreach ($item in $itemsToCopy) {
$relativeName = $item.Substring($sourceFullNameLength + 1)
Copy-Item -Path $item -Destination "$destination\$relativeName"
}