无法在树莓派4上安装Pip包(adafruit_circuitpython_neopixel)。

4
我正在尝试在运行Raspbian Buster / RetroPi的Raspberry Pi 4上安装上述库。
安装程序收集软件包,然后在setup.py中失败,提示:
* Setup can't determine the value of PAGE_SIZE on your system, so it will
    * default to 4096 which may not be correct.

更多诊断/故障排除尝试:

  • 我之前在一台运行Buster的Raspberry Pi 3上安装了相同的软件包,没有出现问题。
  • 我已经成功使用pip3 install安装了其他Python软件包,例如tornadocolorzero等。
  • 我已经运行了sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade并重新启动了设备,但没有帮助解决问题。
  • 我尝试了Python 2(pip install pip install adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel),但是依然出现相同的错误。

如果有任何帮助,将不胜感激 - 谢谢!

完整错误信息:

pip3 install adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Collecting adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel
  Using cached adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel-6.0.3.tar.gz (28 kB)
Collecting Adafruit-Blinka
  Using cached Adafruit-Blinka-6.4.2.tar.gz (122 kB)
Collecting adafruit-circuitpython-pypixelbuf>=2.0.0
  Using cached adafruit-circuitpython-pypixelbuf-2.2.4.tar.gz (28 kB)
Collecting Adafruit-PlatformDetect>=3.1.0
  Using cached Adafruit-PlatformDetect-3.5.0.tar.gz (29 kB)
Collecting Adafruit-PureIO>=1.1.7
  Using cached Adafruit_PureIO-1.1.8.tar.gz (26 kB)
Collecting pyftdi>=0.40.0
  Using cached pyftdi-0.52.9-py3-none-any.whl (139 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: RPi.GPIO in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from Adafruit-Blinka->adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel) (0.7.0)
Collecting rpi_ws281x>=4.0.0
  Using cached rpi_ws281x-4.2.6.tar.gz (63 kB)
Collecting sysv_ipc>=1.1.0
  Using cached sysv_ipc-1.1.0.tar.gz (99 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: pyusb>=1.0.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages (from pyftdi>=0.40.0->Adafruit-Blinka->adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel) (1.1.1)
Requirement already satisfied: pyserial>=3.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages (from pyftdi>=0.40.0->Adafruit-Blinka->adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel) (3.5)
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for adafruit-circuitpython-pypixelbuf, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for Adafruit-Blinka, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for Adafruit-PlatformDetect, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for Adafruit-PureIO, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for rpi-ws281x, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for sysv-ipc, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: sysv-ipc, rpi-ws281x, pyftdi, Adafruit-PureIO, Adafruit-PlatformDetect, Adafruit-Blinka, adafruit-circuitpython-pypixelbuf, adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel
    Running setup.py install for sysv-ipc ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-d842td8m/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix= --compile --install-headers /home/pi/.local/include/python3.7m/sysv-ipc
         cwd: /tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/
    Complete output (19 lines):
    ******************************************************************************
    * Setup can't determine the value of PAGE_SIZE on your system, so it will
    * default to 4096 which may not be correct.
    *
    * Please report this message and your operating system info to the package
    * maintainer listed in the README file.
    ******************************************************************************
    running install
    running build
    running build_ext
    building 'sysv_ipc' extension
    creating build
    creating build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7
    arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -I/usr/include/python3.7m -c sysv_ipc_module.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/sysv_ipc_module.o
    sysv_ipc_module.c:32:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
     #include "Python.h"
              ^~~~~~~~~~
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-d842td8m/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix= --compile --install-headers /home/pi/.local/include/python3.7m/sysv-ipc Check the logs for full command output.

1
Mods - 我不确定这个更适合于Rpi网站,因为它主要涉及Python包,但它可能是特定于Rpi的。如果您认为有必要,请随意移动它。 - Jonathan Levin
完整的错误回溯? - SuperStormer
对,忘记附上了,抱歉。已编辑帖子以包括它。 - Jonathan Levin
2
如果这不起作用,请尝试sudo apt install python3-dev,然后再次尝试安装。 - SuperStormer
鼠标滚轮不起作用,但安装python3-dev后问题解决了! :) 谢谢,如果您愿意将其发布为答案,我会接受它。 此外,如果您有兴趣进一步扩展,我很想更好地理解为什么需要安装它使设置工作。 - Jonathan Levin
显示剩余2条评论
2个回答

2

SuperStormer建议使用sudo apt install python3-dev - 这个方法行得通!

我不知道为什么这个方法有效,因为this post表明它的用途是用于Python扩展而不是常规库。

显然,它包含了Python C头文件,所以也许该库需要这些文件来实现某些功能。


要构建库,需要C头文件(因为您需要构建C程序,并且Python支持C扩展)。在Windows上,您可以使用Visual Studio获取它们。在Linux上,您似乎可以使用“sudo apt install python3-dev”获取它们。每天学习新东西! - KetZoomer
“Python扩展”是指使用Python扩展API(如C和C ++)在其他语言中实现的库的部分:https://docs.python.org/3/extending/extending.html - 如果您需要的软件包没有可用的轮(预编译),则必须从源代码编译(如果有的话)- pip为您完成工作,但在构建时,您需要安装python3-dev和软件包所需的任何其他构建依赖项。 - ben_nuttall

0

确保pip使用piwheels.org作为附加索引 - piwheels为所有软件包构建预编译的wheel,因此您无需自己编译它们。

标准的Raspberry Pi OS通过添加/etc/pip.conf来预配置pip以使用它:

[global]
extra-index-url=https://www.piwheels.org/simple

或者,在您的pip命令中指定它,例如:

pip3 install xxx --extra-index-url https://www.piwheels.org/simple

您可以在piwheels.org上阅读更多信息并查看特定的软件包。


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