使用 H2 数据库,
Environment.HBM2DDL_AUTO, "create"
如果数据库不存在,则创建它。
然而,在Postgres中,不存在的数据库不会被创建,因此会抛出异常,例如“数据库不存在”。是否有一种方法可以配置Postgres在需要时创建不存在的数据库?
以下配置文件可用于复现问题:
使用H2正常工作:
package test.postgressql;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Environment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateExceptionTranslator;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaVendorAdapter;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.Database;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;
@Configuration
@PropertySource("file:C:/springconfig/qpmlib.properties")
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"test.postgressql"})
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = { "test.postgressql" })
@EnableTransactionManagement
public abstract class H2DBConfig {
@Autowired
org.springframework.core.env.Environment env;
public static final String DB_NAME = getNewDBName();
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource() {
DriverManagerDataSource dmds = new DriverManagerDataSource();
dmds.setDriverClassName("org.h2.Driver");
dmds.setUrl("jdbc:h2:tcp://localhost/~/" + DB_NAME );
dmds.setUsername(env.getProperty("h2user"));
dmds.setPassword(env.getProperty("h2pw"));
return dmds;
}
private static String getNewDBName() {
return "H2DBTest";
}
@Bean
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory() {
LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean factory = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
factory.setDataSource(dataSource());
factory.setPersistenceUnitName(DB_NAME);
factory.setPackagesToScan("test.postgressql");
factory.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaAdapter());
factory.setJpaProperties(jpaProperties());
factory.afterPropertiesSet();
return factory;
}
@Bean
public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
JpaTransactionManager txm = new JpaTransactionManager(
entityManagerFactory().getObject());
return txm;
}
@Bean
public JpaVendorAdapter jpaAdapter() {
HibernateJpaVendorAdapter adapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
adapter.setDatabase(Database.H2);
adapter.setGenerateDdl(true);
adapter.setShowSql(true);
return adapter;
}
@Bean
public HibernateExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator() {
return new HibernateExceptionTranslator();
}
public Properties jpaProperties() {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.put(Environment.SHOW_SQL, "true");
properties.put(Environment.HBM2DDL_AUTO, "create");
properties.put(Environment.DIALECT,"org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect");
return properties;
}
}
Postgres使用失败
package test.postgressql;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Environment;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateExceptionTranslator;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaVendorAdapter;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.Database;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;
@Configuration
@PropertySource("file:C:/springconfig/qpmlib.properties")
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"test.postgressql"})
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = { "test.postgressql" })
@EnableTransactionManagement
public abstract class PGDBConfig {
@Autowired
org.springframework.core.env.Environment env;
public static final String DB_NAME = getNewDBName();
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource() {
DriverManagerDataSource dmds = new DriverManagerDataSource();
dmds.setDriverClassName("org.postgresql.Driver");
dmds.setUrl("jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/" + DB_NAME);
dmds.setUsername(env.getProperty("postgresuser"));
dmds.setPassword(env.getProperty("postgrespw"));
return dmds;
}
private static String getNewDBName() {
return "PostgresDBTest";
}
@Bean
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory() {
LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean factory = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
factory.setDataSource(dataSource());
factory.setPersistenceUnitName(DB_NAME);
factory.setPackagesToScan("test.postgressql");
factory.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaAdapter());
factory.setJpaProperties(jpaProperties());
factory.afterPropertiesSet();
return factory;
}
@Bean
public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
JpaTransactionManager txm = new JpaTransactionManager(
entityManagerFactory().getObject());
return txm;
}
@Bean
public JpaVendorAdapter jpaAdapter() {
HibernateJpaVendorAdapter adapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
adapter.setDatabase(Database.POSTGRESQL);
adapter.setGenerateDdl(true);
adapter.setShowSql(true);
return adapter;
}
@Bean
public HibernateExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator() {
return new HibernateExceptionTranslator();
}
public Properties jpaProperties() {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.put(Environment.SHOW_SQL, "true");
properties.put(Environment.HBM2DDL_AUTO, "create");
properties.put(Environment.DIALECT,"org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL9Dialect");
return properties;
}
}
PostgreSQL不支持从连接URL动态创建数据库
。关于Flyway的部分是要替换InitializingBean
,但我删除了它,因为我认为它不起作用。相反,您可以使用Testcontainers。我已经更新了答案。 - Vlad Mihalcea