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使用brew升级git出现问题：提示“没有这样的文件或目录 - /usr/local/Cellar/git”。

githomebrew
3
我正在尝试升级git版本。在升级过程中，我遇到了一些路径问题，这似乎是与升级git和Xcode预装的git版本有关的常见问题。我对git和编程都比较陌生，请您谅解。
我的操作系统是OSX 10.9.5，安装了Xcode 6.1.1。
我按照这里的说明进行操作：博客文章。
当我运行brew doctor时，会收到许多警告：

Please note that these warnings are just used to help the Homebrew maintainers with debugging if you file an issue. If everything you use Homebrew for is working fine: please don't worry and just ignore them. Thanks!

Warning: Python is installed at /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework

Homebrew only supports building against the System-provided Python or a brewed Python. In particular, Pythons installed to /Library can interfere with other software installs.

Warning: Unbrewed dylibs were found in /usr/local/lib. If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected dylibs: /usr/local/lib/libtcl8.6.dylib /usr/local/lib/libtk8.6.dylib

Warning: Unbrewed header files were found in /usr/local/include. If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected header files: /usr/local/include/fakemysql.h /usr/local/include/fakepq.h /usr/local/include/fakesql.h /usr/local/include/itcl.h /usr/local/include/itcl2TclOO.h /usr/local/include/itclDecls.h /usr/local/include/itclInt.h /usr/local/include/itclIntDecls.h /usr/local/include/itclMigrate2TclCore.h /usr/local/include/itclTclIntStubsFcn.h /usr/local/include/mysqlStubs.h /usr/local/include/odbcStubs.h /usr/local/include/pqStubs.h /usr/local/include/tcl.h /usr/local/include/tclDecls.h /usr/local/include/tclOO.h /usr/local/include/tclOODecls.h /usr/local/include/tclPlatDecls.h /usr/local/include/tclThread.h /usr/local/include/tclTomMath.h /usr/local/include/tclTomMathDecls.h /usr/local/include/tdbc.h /usr/local/include/tdbcDecls.h /usr/local/include/tdbcInt.h /usr/local/include/tk.h /usr/local/include/tkDecls.h /usr/local/include/tkPlatDecls.h

Warning: Unbrewed .pc files were found in /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig. If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected .pc files: /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/tcl.pc /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/tk.pc

Warning: Unbrewed static libraries were found in /usr/local/lib. If you didn't put them there on purpose they could cause problems when building Homebrew formulae, and may need to be deleted.

Unexpected static libraries: /usr/local/lib/libtclstub8.6.a /usr/local/lib/libtkstub8.6.a

Warning: /usr/bin occurs before /usr/local/bin This means that system-provided programs will be used instead of those provided by Homebrew. The following tools exist at both paths:

2to3
easy_install
easy_install-2.7
gcc-4.2

Consider setting your PATH so that /usr/local/bin occurs before /usr/bin. Here is a one-liner: echo export PATH='/usr/local/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bash_profile

起初我忽略了这些错误，因为一开始的brew消息提示，但是当我运行brew upgrade git时，出现了以下内容：
Error: No such file or directory - /usr/local/Cellar/git

在谷歌搜索问题后，我发现有人通过编辑他们的bash.profile解决了类似的问题（错误相同但指定的路径不同），所以我运行了echo命令：

echo export PATH='/usr/local/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bash_profile

我也尝试过：

echo export PATH='/usr/local/Cellar/git:$PATH' >> ~/.bash_profile

我尝试着手动将这些导出路径的命令添加到我的.bash_profile文件中，但似乎并没有帮助。

如果能得到任何帮助，我将不胜感激。

4个回答
5

我成功解决了这个问题，方法是先卸载两次 git，然后重新安装最新版本的 git。这样可以同时移除预装的 git 和我自己安装的版本，消除路径问题。我运行了以下命令：

which git

然后执行了 sudo rm -rf /absolute/path/to/git

删除了已安装的一个git程序。然后我再次运行了两个命令，但是第二次 which git 返回了不同的路径，我使用这个路径和第二个 sudo rm -rf /absolute/path/to/git。最终，我使用brew安装了git。

并不是很难，但似乎行得通。

rm: /usr/bin/git: 操作不允许 - H.Jacob
你没有包含sudo。 - TMin
2
我假设您已经安装了Git的某个版本？（输入git --version或which git进行检查。）如果没有安装，请执行brew install git，然后您就完成了。
不过，假设您已经安装了Git：
选项1：如果brew无法识别当前的git安装
总体来说，这是一个超级快速的修复方法……对我有效。
运行$ brew upgrade git 如果结果告诉您未安装，则brew无法识别当前安装……您最快的选择是让brew从头开始安装：
1. 重命名现有的Apple安装的git（例如此示例） 2. 通过brew install git让brew安装最新版本（例如此示例）
步骤1，重命名Apple安装的git，只是避免Apple安装的Git和您通过Homebrew安装的新Git之间冲突的一种方式。有关此问题的第二个示例，请参见您链接到的博客上的另一篇文章： http://rayhightower.com/blog/2014/12/18/git-vulnerability-on-mac-os-x/ 选项2：让brew识别您已经安装的git
如果您认为上述方法太笨拙，会在您的计算机上留下旧的git安装程序……
另一种选择可能是玩弄链接？我对brew link的初始尝试没有成功。我没有尝试通过符号链接或定义任何$PATH来解决。肯定有比简单放弃现有安装更整洁的选项，但对我来说，选项1今天就足够了。
0
0

虽然我不是专家，但我基本上做了以下几步：

  1. 备份原始的git目录
  2. 使用Homebrew安装Git
  3. 重新启动（或source）shell
~ > which git
/usr/bin/git
~ > sudo mv /usr/bin/git /usr/bin/git-original
~ > which git
git not found
~ > brew install git
~ > source /etc/profile
~ > git --version
git version 2.4.3
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