Java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.servlet.ServletContext.getVirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String; 意思是：找不到方法错误，无法获取javax.servlet.ServletContext的getVirtualServerName()方法。

Question

我正在使用Java、Apache Cxf和Spring框架构建一个Web服务。

构建工具：Maven

部署环境：Tomcat 8.0.42

web.xml中使用的servlet版本是2.5。当我将WAR文件部署到Tomcat并启动服务器时，出现以下错误。我尝试了许多在Stack Overflow上提供的解决方案，但似乎都不起作用。我检查了Maven依赖项中是否存在servlet-api.jar，但未找到。我还在web.xml中指定了servlet版本为3.0，但也没有解决问题。需要一些好的建议。

谢谢！

    Apr 12, 2017 5:24:58 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
SEVERE: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/SAMPLE-WS]]
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:943)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:871)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1408)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1398)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/SAMPLE-WS]]
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:162)
    ... 6 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: javax.servlet.ServletContext.getVirtualServerName()Ljava/lang/String;
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsServerContainer.<init>(WsServerContainer.java:150)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsSci.init(WsSci.java:131)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsSci.onStartup(WsSci.java:47)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5303)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    ... 6 more

web.xml

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

    <display-name>SAMPLE-WS</display-name>

   <!--
        - Location of the XML file that defines the root application context.
        - Applied by ContextLoaderListener.
    -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>WEB-INF/sample-cxf-beans.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <servlet>
        <description>Apache CXF Endpoint</description>
        <display-name>cxf</display-name>
        <servlet-name>cxf</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>cxf</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>60</session-timeout>
    </session-config>


</web-app>

POM.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
    <project xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

      <groupId>com.javaws.sample.ws</groupId>
      <artifactId>SAMPLE-WS</artifactId>
      <packaging>war</packaging>
      <name>SAMPLE-WS</name>


     <properties>
        <project.wsdl.path>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/WSDLs/Sample_1.wsdl</project.wsdl.path>
        <target.wsdl.path>WEB-INF/WSDLs/Sample_1.wsdl</target.wsdl.path>

      </properties>
      <dependencies>
            <!-- Spring Web -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <!--  Apache CXF -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
                <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-simple</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
                <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
                <artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http</artifactId>
            </dependency>  
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
                <artifactId>cxf-rt-bindings-soap</artifactId>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
              <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
              <artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http-jetty</artifactId>
           </dependency>


        </dependencies>


    </project>

- Vicky N

---

如果您将其部署在Tomcat上，则不需要依赖于cxf-rt-transports-http-jetty。移除它，然后再试一次。 - Vijendra Kumar Kulhade

Answer 1

在Servlet 3.1中，ServletContext中添加了方法getVirtualServerName。请查看Java文档的方法getVirtualServerName。

这个问题可能有至少两个原因：

1. 您的Servlet版本早于3.1。

2. 其他JAR包中的Servlet版本早于3.1。

为解决此问题，您可以尝试以下方法：

I. 检查您的pom.xml文件是否有以下代码。

  <dependency>
       <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
       <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
       <version>3.1.0</version>
    </dependency>

如果您的pom.xml文件有上述代码，它仍然会出现问题。您可以采用第二种方法。

II. 检查您的其他jar是否引用了javax.servlet-api jar文件。例如，org.apache.santuario已经引用了javax.servlet-api jar文件。pom.xml文件如下：

<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.apache.santuario</groupId>  
    <artifactId>xmlsec</artifactId>  
    <version>1.4.3</version>   
</dependency> 

但是当您查看Maven依赖项时，它引用版本为2.3的javax.servlet-api jar，比3.1旧。

因此，您应该排除2.3版本。pom.xml：

<!-- exclude servlet-api 2.3 jar-->  
<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.apache.santuario</groupId>  
    <artifactId>xmlsec</artifactId>  
    <version>1.4.3</version>  
    <exclusions>  
        <exclusion>  
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>  
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>  
        </exclusion>  
    </exclusions>  
</dependency>  

<!-- servlet-api 3.1 version has getVirtualServerName() -->  
<dependency>  
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>  
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>  
    <version>3.1.0</version>  
</dependency> 

- Python Basketball