所以,假设我在C#中有以下表达式:
Expression<Func<string>> expr = () => foo.Bar;
如何提取对foo的引用?
所以,假设我在C#中有以下表达式:
Expression<Func<string>> expr = () => foo.Bar;
如何提取对foo的引用?
我遇到了同样的问题,但稍微有点复杂,Darin Dimitrov的答案给了我一个好的开始。尽管这是一个“旧”的问题,但我将在此处发布我的结果。
this.textBox.Text // where 'this' has type 'Form'
...等价于以下的表达式树:
. +====================+
. | MemberExpression |
. +====================+
# | |
# .Expression | | .Member
# v v
. +------------------+ +------------+
. | MemberExpression | | MemberInfo |
. +------------------+ +------------+
# | | .Name = "Text"
# .Expression | | .Member .MemberType = Property
# v v
. +--------------------+ +------------+
. | ConstantExpression | | MemberInfo |
. +--------------------+ +------------+
# .Value = this .Name = "textBox"
# .Type = typeof(Form) .MemberType = Field
这个表达式树中,你能够真正获得对象引用的地方只有ConstantExpression
:它允许你获取到this
的引用。获取该树中任何对象引用的基本思路如下:
沿着.Expression
轴进入表达式树,直到到达ConstantExpression
节点。
获取该节点的.Value
属性。这就是根对象引用(例如上面的this
)。
使用反射和表达式树中的MemberInfo
节点,获取对象引用并向上遍历表达式树。
Expression expr = ...; // <-- initially set to the expression tree's root
var memberInfos = new Stack<MemberInfo>();
// "descend" toward's the root object reference:
while (expr is MemberExpression)
{
var memberExpr = expr as MemberExpression;
memberInfos.Push(memberExpr.Member);
expr = memberExpr.Expression
}
// fetch the root object reference:
var constExpr = expr as ConstantExpression;
var objReference = constExpr.Value;
// "ascend" back whence we came from and resolve object references along the way:
while (memberInfos.Count > 0) // or some other break condition
{
var mi = memberInfos.Pop();
if (mi.MemberType == MemberTypes.Property)
{
objReference = objReference.GetType()
.GetProperty(mi.Name)
.GetValue(objReference, null);
}
else if (mi.MemberType == MemberTypes.Field)
{
objReference = objReference.GetType()
.GetField(mi.Name)
.GetValue(objReference);
}
}
Form.textBox.Text // where 'textBox' is a static member of type 'Form'
代码会导致生成不同的表达式树。请注意左下方的空引用:
. +====================+
. | MemberExpression |
. +====================+
# | |
# .Expression | | .Member
# v v
. +------------------+ +------------+
. | MemberExpression | | MemberInfo |
. +------------------+ +------------+
# | | .Name = "Text"
# .Expression | | .Member .MemberType = Property
# v v
. null +------------+
. | MemberInfo |
. +------------+
# .Name = "textBox"
# .MemberType = Field
# .DeclaringType = typeof(Form)
在这里,你不能通过等待ConstantExpression
来停止“下降”阶段。相反,当到达空引用时停止下降。接下来,您可以按如下方式检索根对象引用:
var mi = memberInfos.Pop();
objReference = mi.DeclaringType
.GetField(member.Name, BindingFlags.Static) // or .GetProperty!
.GetValue(null);
从那里开始的"升序"阶段与之前相同。
当然还有更多情况(例如以命名参数作为根对象),但我希望现在已经传达了基本思想,所以我将在此结束。
Expression<Func<string>> expr = () => foo.Bar;
var me = (MemberExpression)((MemberExpression)expr.Body).Expression;
var ce = (ConstantExpression)me.Expression;
var fieldInfo = ce.Value.GetType().GetField(me.Member.Name, BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic);
var value = (Foo)fieldInfo.GetValue(ce.Value);
var pExpression = ((MemberExpression)expr.Body);
var bindingObject = Expression.Lambda(((MemberExpression)pExpression.Expression)).Compile().DynamicInvoke();
谢谢,staks - 你的例子对我帮助很大!所以我想为第一个案例做出一些贡献:
要从方法中提取值,应该替换代码:
// fetch the root object reference:
var constExpr = expr as ConstantExpression;
var objReference = constExpr.Value;
使用代码:
var newExpression = expr as NewExpression;
if (newExpression != null)
{
return newExpression.Constructor.Invoke(newExpression.Arguments.Select(GetObjectValue).ToArray());
}
var methodCallExpr = expr as MethodCallExpression;
if (methodCallExpr != null)
{
var value = methodCallExpr.Method.Invoke(methodCallExpr.Object == null
? null
: GetObjectValue(methodCallExpr.Object),
methodCallExpr.Arguments.Select(GetObjectValue).ToArray());
return value;
}
// fetch the root object reference:
var constExpr = expr as ConstantExpression;
if (constExpr == null)
{
return null;
}
var objReference = constExpr.Value;
// ... the rest remains unchanged
这样就可以从表达式中提取值,例如:
aInstane.MethodCall(anArgument1, anArgument2) or
AType.MethodCall(anArgument1, anArgument2) or
new AType().MethodCall(anArgument1, aInstane.MethodCall(anArgument2, anArgument3))
这是我在单元测试中使用的:
internal static INotifyPropertyChanged SubModel < T, TProperty > (T model, Expression < Func < T, TProperty >> pickProperty) where T: INotifyPropertyChanged {
MemberExpression memberExpression = (MemberExpression) pickProperty.Body;
ParameterExpression parameterExpression = pickProperty.Parameters[0];
Expression mem = memberExpression.Expression;
var delegateType = typeof(Func < , > ).MakeGenericType(typeof(T), mem.Type);
LambdaExpression lambdaExpression = Expression.Lambda(delegateType, mem, parameterExpression);
object subModel = lambdaExpression.Compile().DynamicInvoke(model);
return subModel as INotifyPropertyChanged ? ? model;
}
Expression
属性的名称对我来说有些令人困惑;可以将其想象成类似于"Parent"的命名方式。// () => closure.owner.Property
Expression<Func<string>> exp = () => owner.Property;
// closure.owner.Property
var memberExp = (MemberExpression)exp.Body;
// closure.owner
var closureMemberExp = (MemberExpression)memberExp.Expression;
// owner
var closureMember = closureMemberExp.Member;
// closure
var closureValueExp = (ConstantExpression)closureMemberExp.Expression;
// value of closure
var closureValue = closureValueExp.Value;
// value of owner
var ownerValue = closureMember.GetValue(closureValue);
Assert.AreEqual(owner, ownerValue);