我想替换MSI文件中的单个文件。如何操作？
6个回答
52
使用 msi2xml。
该命令会提取 MSI 文件：
msi2xml -c OutputDir TestMSI.MSI
打开OutputDir并修改文件。
要重新构建 MSI，请运行：
xml2msi.exe -m TestMSI.xml
需要使用 -m 来忽略“MD5 校验测试”，这在 MSI 文件被修改时会失败。
- Keith Harrison
7
我还使用了http://blogs.technet.com/b/sateesh-arveti/archive/2010/11/21/msi-explorer.aspx来查找我想要替换的实际文件名称。 - Josh Davis
对我来说，在xml2msi部分总是崩溃。虽然公平地说，我试图修改的安装程序非常庞大和复杂。 - Benjamin Herreid
我们在Linux机器上怎么做呢？有什么想法吗？ - Ankur Tripathi
好工具。版本2.2.0（不是最新的）适合我使用。后来的版本报告了一些问题，重新打包是不可行的。 - Ghita
1请注意，msi2xml需要一个相对路径的OutputDir而不是绝对路径。因此，如果您运行“msi2xml -c C:\MyPath TestMSI.MSI”，它会返回一个错误，说C：\ MyPath不是一个有效的路径。但是，如果您键入“msi2xml -c . TestMSI.MSI”，它将像应该的那样工作，并将MSI提取到当前cmd路径。 - eduardomozart
显示剩余2条评论
19
您需要使用Windows Installer SDK提供的MsiDB.exe从msi中提取CAB文件流。在命令行中使用-x选项运行它，并指定cab文件的名称-这在msi数据库的Media表中列出。
或者，如果在VSI选项中将“Package Files as:”选项指定为“Compresses in Cabinet Files”，则可以跳过此部分，以便在构建msi时将cab文件留出（它将在与msi相同的目录中创建）。
提取后，您可以更改cab文件夹中指定的文件-它的名称已被破坏，因此您需要找出文件表中该文件的msi名称，然后将新文件重命名为该名称。
完成后，您可以使用MsiDB实用程序使用-a选项将其放回。
在使用-a添加之前，您需要使用msidb -k将cab从MSI中删除。
或者，如果在VSI选项中将“Package Files as:”选项指定为“Compresses in Cabinet Files”，则可以跳过此部分，以便在构建msi时将cab文件留出（它将在与msi相同的目录中创建）。
提取后，您可以更改cab文件夹中指定的文件-它的名称已被破坏，因此您需要找出文件表中该文件的msi名称，然后将新文件重命名为该名称。
完成后，您可以使用MsiDB实用程序使用-a选项将其放回。
在使用-a添加之前，您需要使用msidb -k将cab从MSI中删除。
- splattne
2
msidb -d test.msi -x Data1.cab 这个命令不起作用吗？执行完这个命令后，没有错误也没有成功的提示信息。我不知道该怎么继续了。 - PawanS
你应该使用
_Streams 表中显示的 cab 名称。 - eduardomozart3
尝试使用InstEd - 一个安装程序编辑器，网址为http://www.instedit.com/。它有30天的试用期，并且对我很有效。您可以将文件提取到文件夹中，进行编辑、重建cab，然后保存MSI。除了编辑文件之外，所有操作都在GUI中完成。
虽然不是一个伟大的程序，但我支付了30美元以便能够快速编辑MSI文件中的文件。
我与InstEd或其他相关方面没有任何关系，只是支付并使用该应用程序。
- Dave
2
2我的需求是相同的。但我无法使Instedit工作。如果您能告诉我应该遵循哪些步骤，那就太好了。我需要替换使用Visual Studio 2010创建的msi包中的pdf文件。 - Shakti Prakash Singh
1@ShaktiPrakashSingh 这已经晚了两年，但我刚刚成功地使用InstEdit替换了我的MSI中的项目。我在这里写了一篇文章：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4398042/replace-a-file-from-msi/37148282#37148282 - raddevus
1
这段代码仅在一个文件上进行了测试，文件名与被替换的文件名完全相同。
但是它应该使用C#和WIX中的DTF来实现Christopher Painter的答案。
/**
* this is a bastard class, as it is not really a part of building an installer package,
* however, we need to be able to modify a prebuild package, and add user specific files, post build, to save memory on server, and have a fast execution time.
*
* \author Henrik Dalsager
*/
//I'm using everything...
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using Microsoft.Deployment.Compression.Cab;
using Microsoft.Deployment.WindowsInstaller;
using Microsoft.Deployment.WindowsInstaller.Package;
namespace MSIFileManipulator
{
/**
* \brief updates an existing MSI, I.E. add new files
*
*/
class updateMSI
{
//everything revolves around this package..
InstallPackage pkg = null;
//the destruction should close connection with the database, just in case we forgot..
~updateMSI()
{
if (pkg != null)
{
try
{
pkg.Close();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//rollback?
//do nothing.. we just don't want to break anything if database was already closed, but not dereffered.
}
}
}
/**
* \brief compresses a list of files, in a workdir, to a cabinet file, in the same workdir.
* \param workdir path to the workdir
* \param filesToArchive a list of filenames, of the files to include in the cabinet file.
* \return filename of the created cab file
*/
public string createCabinetFileForMSI(string workdir, List<string> filesToArchive)
{
//create temporary cabinet file at this path:
string GUID = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
string cabFile = GUID + ".cab";
string cabFilePath = Path.Combine(workdir, cabFile);
//create a instance of Microsoft.Deployment.Compression.Cab.CabInfo
//which provides file-based operations on the cabinet file
CabInfo cab = new CabInfo(cabFilePath);
//create a list with files and add them to a cab file
//now an argument, but previously this was used as test:
//List<string> filesToArchive = new List<string>() { @"C:\file1", @"C:\file2" };
cab.PackFiles(workdir, filesToArchive, filesToArchive);
//we will ned the path for this file, when adding it to an msi..
return cabFile;
}
/**
* \brief embeds a cabinet file into an MSI into the "stream" table, and adds it as a new media in the media table
* This does not install the files on a clients computer, if he runs the installer,
* as none of the files in the cabinet, is defined in the MSI File Table (that informs msiexec where to place mentioned files.)
* It simply allows cabinet files to piggypack within a package, so that they may be extracted again at clients computer.
*
* \param pathToCabFile full absolute path to the cabinet file
* \return media number of the new cabinet file wihtin the MSI
*/
public int insertCabFileAsNewMediaInMSI(string cabFilePath, int numberOfFilesInCabinet = -1)
{
if (pkg == null)
{
throw new Exception("Cannot insert cabinet file into non-existing MSI package. Please Supply a path to the MSI package");
}
int numberOfFilesToAdd = numberOfFilesInCabinet;
if (numberOfFilesInCabinet < 0)
{
CabInfo cab = new CabInfo(cabFilePath);
numberOfFilesToAdd = cab.GetFiles().Count;
}
//create a cab file record as a stream (embeddable into an MSI)
Record cabRec = new Record(1);
cabRec.SetStream(1, cabFilePath);
/*The Media table describes the set of disks that make up the source media for the installation.
we want to add one, after all the others
DiskId - Determines the sort order for the table. This number must be equal to or greater than 1,
for out new cab file, it must be > than the existing ones...
*/
//the baby SQL service in the MSI does not support "ORDER BY `` DESC" but does support order by..
IList<int> mediaIDs = pkg.ExecuteIntegerQuery("SELECT `DiskId` FROM `Media` ORDER BY `DiskId`");
int lastIndex = mediaIDs.Count - 1;
int DiskId = mediaIDs.ElementAt(lastIndex) + 1;
//wix name conventions of embedded cab files is "#cab" + DiskId + ".cab"
string mediaCabinet = "cab" + DiskId.ToString() + ".cab";
//The _Streams table lists embedded OLE data streams.
//This is a temporary table, created only when referenced by a SQL statement.
string query = "INSERT INTO `_Streams` (`Name`, `Data`) VALUES ('" + mediaCabinet + "', ?)";
pkg.Execute(query, cabRec);
Console.WriteLine(query);
/*LastSequence - File sequence number for the last file for this new media.
The numbers in the LastSequence column specify which of the files in the File table
are found on a particular source disk.
Each source disk contains all files with sequence numbers (as shown in the Sequence column of the File table)
less than or equal to the value in the LastSequence column, and greater than the LastSequence value of the previous disk
(or greater than 0, for the first entry in the Media table).
This number must be non-negative; the maximum limit is 32767 files.
/MSDN
*/
IList<int> sequences = pkg.ExecuteIntegerQuery("SELECT `LastSequence` FROM `Media` ORDER BY `LastSequence`");
lastIndex = sequences.Count - 1;
int LastSequence = sequences.ElementAt(lastIndex) + numberOfFilesToAdd;
query = "INSERT INTO `Media` (`DiskId`, `LastSequence`, `Cabinet`) VALUES (" + DiskId.ToString() + "," + LastSequence.ToString() + ",'#" + mediaCabinet + "')";
Console.WriteLine(query);
pkg.Execute(query);
return DiskId;
}
/**
* \brief embeds a cabinet file into an MSI into the "stream" table, and adds it as a new media in the media table
* This does not install the files on a clients computer, if he runs the installer,
* as none of the files in the cabinet, is defined in the MSI File Table (that informs msiexec where to place mentioned files.)
* It simply allows cabinet files to piggypack within a package, so that they may be extracted again at clients computer.
*
* \param pathToCabFile full absolute path to the cabinet file
* \param pathToMSIFile full absolute path to the msi file
* \return media number of the new cabinet file wihtin the MSI
*/
public int insertCabFileAsNewMediaInMSI(string cabFilePath, string pathToMSIFile, int numberOfFilesInCabinet = -1)
{
//open the MSI package for editing
pkg = new InstallPackage(pathToMSIFile, DatabaseOpenMode.Direct); //have also tried direct, while database was corrupted when writing.
return insertCabFileAsNewMediaInMSI(cabFilePath, numberOfFilesInCabinet);
}
/**
* \brief overloaded method, that embeds a cabinet file into an MSI into the "stream" table, and adds it as a new media in the media table
* This does not install the files on a clients computer, if he runs the installer,
* as none of the files in the cabinet, is defined in the MSI File Table (that informs msiexec where to place mentioned files.)
* It simply allows cabinet files to piggypack within a package, so that they may be extracted again at clients computer.
*
* \param workdir absolute path to the cabinet files location
* \param cabFile is the filename of the cabinet file
* \param pathToMSIFile full absolute path to the msi file
* \return media number of the new cabinet file wihtin the MSI
*/
public int insertCabFileAsNewMediaInMSI(string workdir, string cabFile, string pathToMSIFile, int numberOfFilesInCabinet = -1)
{
string absPathToCabFile = Path.Combine(workdir, cabFile);
string absPathToMSIFile = Path.Combine(workdir, pathToMSIFile);
return insertCabFileAsNewMediaInMSI(absPathToCabFile, absPathToMSIFile, numberOfFilesInCabinet);
}
/**
* \brief reconfigures the MSI, so that a file pointer is "replaced" by a file pointer to another cabinets version of said file...
* The original file will not be removed from the MSI, but simply orphaned (no component refers to it). It will not be installed, but will remain in the package.
*
* \param OriginalFileName (this is the files target name at the clients computer after installation. It is our only way to locate the file in the file table. If two or more files have the same target name, we cannot reorient the pointer to that file!)
* \param FileNameInCabinet (In case you did not have the excact same filename for the new file, as the original file, you can specify the name of the file, as it is known in the cabinet, here.)
* \param DiskIdOfCabinetFile - Very important information. This is the Id of the new cabinet file, it is the only way to know where the new source data is within the MSI cabinet stream. This function extracts the data it needs from there, like sequence numbers
*/
public void PointAPreviouslyConfiguredComponentsFileToBeFetchedFromAnotherCabinet(string OriginalFileName, string FileNameInCabinet, string newFileSizeInBytes, int DiskIdOfCabinetFile)
{
//retrieve the range of sequence numbers for this cabinet file.
string query = "SELECT `DiskId` FROM `Media` ORDER BY `LastSequence`";
Console.WriteLine(query);
IList<int> medias = pkg.ExecuteIntegerQuery("SELECT `DiskId` FROM `Media` ORDER BY `LastSequence`");
query = "SELECT `LastSequence` FROM `Media` ORDER BY `LastSequence`";
Console.WriteLine(query);
IList<int> mediaLastSequences = pkg.ExecuteIntegerQuery("SELECT `LastSequence` FROM `Media` ORDER BY `LastSequence`");
if(medias.Count != mediaLastSequences.Count)
{
throw new Exception("there is something wrong with the Media Table, There is a different number of DiskId and LastSequence rows");
}
if(medias.Count <= 0)
{
throw new Exception("there is something wrong with the Media Table, There are no rows with medias available..");
}
int FirstSequence = -1;
int LastSequence = -1;
int lastIndex = medias.Count - 1;
for (int index = lastIndex; index >= 0; index--)
{
int rowLastSequence = mediaLastSequences.ElementAt(index);
int rowDiskId = medias.ElementAt(index);
if (rowDiskId == DiskIdOfCabinetFile)
{
LastSequence = rowLastSequence;
if (index < lastIndex)
{
//the next cabinet files last sequence number + 1, is this ones first..
FirstSequence = mediaLastSequences.ElementAt(index + 1) + 1;
break;
}
else
{
//all files from the first, to this last sequence number, are found in this cabinet
FirstSequence = mediaLastSequences.ElementAt(lastIndex);
break;
}
}
}
//now we will look in the file table to get a vacant sequence number in the new cabinet (if available - first run will return empty, and thus default to FirstSequence)
int Sequence = FirstSequence;
query = "SELECT `Sequence` FROM `File` WHERE `Sequence` >= " + FirstSequence.ToString() + " AND `Sequence` <= " + LastSequence.ToString() + " ORDER BY `Sequence`";
Console.WriteLine(query);
IList<int> SequencesInRange = pkg.ExecuteIntegerQuery(query);
for (int index = 0; index < SequencesInRange.Count; index++)
{
if (FirstSequence + index != SequencesInRange.ElementAt(index))
{
Sequence = FirstSequence + index;
break;
}
}
//now we set this in the file table, to re-point this file to the new media..
//File.FileName = FileNameInCabinet;
//File.FileSize = newFileSizeInBytes;
//File.Sequence = sequence;
query = "UPDATE `File` SET `File`.`FileName`='" + FileNameInCabinet + "' WHERE `File`='" + OriginalFileName + "'";
Console.WriteLine(query);
pkg.Execute(query);
query = "UPDATE `File` SET `File`.`FileSize`=" + newFileSizeInBytes + " WHERE `File`='" + OriginalFileName + "'";
Console.WriteLine(query);
pkg.Execute(query);
query = "UPDATE `File` SET `File`.`Sequence`=" + Sequence.ToString() + " WHERE `File`='" + OriginalFileName + "'";
Console.WriteLine(query);
pkg.Execute(query);
}
}
}
演示用法：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace MSIFileManipulator
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string workdir = @"C:\Users\Me\MyDevFolder\tests";
string msiFile = "replace_test_copy.msi";
string fileName = "REPLACE_THIS_IMAGE.png";
List<string> filesToInclude = new List<string>();
System.IO.FileInfo fileInfo = new System.IO.FileInfo(System.IO.Path.Combine(workdir, fileName));
if (fileInfo.Exists)
{
Console.WriteLine("now adding: " + fileName + " to cabinet");
filesToInclude.Add(fileName);
updateMSI myMSI = new updateMSI();
string cabfileName = myMSI.createCabinetFileForMSI(workdir, filesToInclude);
Console.WriteLine("cabinet file saved as: " + cabfileName);
int diskID = myMSI.insertCabFileAsNewMediaInMSI(workdir, cabfileName, msiFile);
Console.WriteLine("new media added with disk ID: " + diskID.ToString());
myMSI.PointAPreviouslyConfiguredComponentsFileToBeFetchedFromAnotherCabinet(fileName, fileName, fileInfo.Length.ToString(), diskID);
Console.WriteLine("Done");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Could not locate the replacement file:" + fileName);
}
Console.WriteLine("press any key to exit");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
我知道我的测试没有进行清理。
- Henrik
1
非常简单的示例代码，用于替换MSI内部的文件。这不会将新文件/CAB流式传输回MSI，但需要将CAB放在与MSI相同的目录中才能成功安装。我相信只要再多花一点努力，您就可以修改代码以将CAB流式传输回去。
Const MSI_SOURCE = "application.msi"
Const FILE_REPLACE = "config.xml"
Dim filesys, installer, database, view
Dim objFile, size, result, objCab
Set filesys=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set installer = CreateObject("WindowsInstaller.Installer")
Set database = installer.OpenDatabase (MSI_SOURCE, 1)
Set objFile = filesys.GetFile(FILE_REPLACE)
size = objFile.Size
Set objCab = CreateObject("MakeCab.MakeCab.1")
objCab.CreateCab "config.cab", False, False, False
objCab.AddFile FILE_REPLACE, filesys.GetFileName(FILE_REPLACE)
objCab.CloseCab
Set view = database.OpenView ("SELECT LastSequence FROM Media WHERE DiskId = 1")
view.Execute
Set result = view.Fetch
seq = result.StringData(1) + 1 ' Sequence for new configuration file
Set view = database.OpenView ("INSERT INTO Media (DiskId, LastSequence, Cabinet) VALUES ('2', '" & seq & "', 'config.cab')")
view.Execute
Set view = database.OpenView ("UPDATE File SET FileSize = " & size & ", Sequence = " & seq & " WHERE File = '" & LCase(FILE_REPLACE) & "'")
view.Execute
- sascha
3
你能详细说明一下如何将cab文件流式传输到msi中吗？另外，如果我理解正确的话，您并不是在msi中替换文件，而是在其中添加文件。对吗？换句话说，如果“config.xml”已经存在，则现在将有两个文件。 - Josh Buedel
objCab 是这样创建的，Set objCab = CreateObject("MakeCab.MakeCab.1")。正确吗？ - Josh Buedel
没错，我正在添加一个新文件，然后更新文件表以引用新添加的文件而不是原始文件。关于流式传输，MSI可以包含额外的文件，例如嵌入在二进制表中的CAB文件（我想是这样）。虽然如果你将CAB推回到MSI中，你会破坏任何数字签名——这就是为什么我将CAB单独留出来的原因。 - saschabeaumont
-1
最简单的方法是重新打包MSI：
- 在Wise for Windows Installer中打开MSI文件。选择提取文件的选项。
- 在磁盘上找到文件并替换它。
- 构建MSI。
这些步骤也适用于InstallShield。
- Pavel Chuchuva
1
2我猜对于那些有商业重新打包工具访问权限的人来说，这是一个有效的解决方案...但如果是这种情况，我怀疑问题会被提出 ;) - saschabeaumont
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