在C#中,我如何检查动态匿名类型上是否存在属性?

169

我有一个匿名类型对象,我从一个方法中以 dynamic 的形式接收它。我想检查该对象上是否存在某个属性。

....
var settings = new {
                   Filename="temp.txt",
                   Size=10
}
...

function void Settings(dynamic settings) {
var exists = IsSettingExist(settings,"Filename")
}

我该如何实现IsSettingExist?


2
可能是重复的问题:如何检测 ExpandoObject 上是否存在属性? - Sebastian
如果你发现自己严重依赖于动态对象,那么看看 F# 可能是值得的 - 顺便说一句,头像很不错。 - Piotr Kula
14个回答

2
    public static void Test()
    {
        int LOOP_LENGTH = 100000000;
        {
            long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
            var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();

            Console.WriteLine("doesPropertyExist");

            dynamic testdo = new { A = 1, B = (string)null, C = "A" };
            for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
            {
                if (!TestDynamic.doesPropertyExist(testdo, "A"))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("throw find");
                    break;
                }

                if (TestDynamic.doesPropertyExist(testdo, "ABC"))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("throw not find");
                    break;
                }
            }
            stopWatch.Stop();
            var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
            Console.WriteLine($" Time:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t Memory:{last_memory - first_memory}");
        }

        {
            long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
            var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();

            Console.WriteLine("HasProperty");

            dynamic testdo = new { A = 1, B = (string)null, C = "A" };
            for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
            {
                if (!TestDynamic.HasProperty(testdo, "A"))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("throw find");
                    break;
                }

                if (TestDynamic.HasProperty(testdo, "ABC"))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("throw not find");
                    break;
                }
            }
            stopWatch.Stop();
            var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
            Console.WriteLine($" Time:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t Memory:{last_memory - first_memory}");
        }


        {
            long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
            var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();

            Console.WriteLine("IsPropertyExist");

            dynamic testdo = new { A = 1, B = (string)null, C = "A" };
            for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
            {
                if (!TestDynamic.IsPropertyExist(testdo, "A"))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("throw find");
                    break;
                }

                if (TestDynamic.IsPropertyExist(testdo, "ABC"))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("throw not find");
                    break;
                }
            }
            stopWatch.Stop();
            var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
            Console.WriteLine($" Time:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t Memory:{last_memory - first_memory}");
        }

        {
            long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
            var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();

            Console.WriteLine("IsPropertyExistBinderException");

            dynamic testdo = new { A = 1, B = (string)null, C = "A" };
            for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
            {
                if (!TestDynamic.IsPropertyExistBinderException(testdo, "A"))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("throw find");
                    break;
                }

                if (TestDynamic.IsPropertyExistBinderException(testdo, "ABC"))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("throw not find");
                    break;
                }
            }
            stopWatch.Stop();
            var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
            Console.WriteLine($" Time:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t Memory:{last_memory - first_memory}");
        }


        {
            long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
            var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();

            Console.WriteLine("PropertyExists");

            dynamic testdo = new { A = 1, B = (string)null, C = "A" };
            for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
            {
                if (!TestDynamic.PropertyExists(testdo, "A"))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("throw find");
                    break;
                }

                if (TestDynamic.PropertyExists(testdo, "ABC"))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("throw not find");
                    break;
                }
            }
            stopWatch.Stop();
            var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
            Console.WriteLine($" Time:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t Memory:{last_memory - first_memory}");
        }


        {
            long first_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
            var stopWatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();

            Console.WriteLine("PropertyExistsJToken");

            dynamic testdo = new { A = 1, B = (string)null, C = "A" };
            for (int i = 0; i < LOOP_LENGTH; i++)
            {
                if (!TestDynamic.PropertyExistsJToken(testdo, "A"))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("throw find");
                    break;
                }

                if (TestDynamic.PropertyExistsJToken(testdo, "ABC"))
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("throw not find");
                    break;
                }
            }
            stopWatch.Stop();
            var last_memory = GC.GetTotalMemory(true);
            Console.WriteLine($" Time:{stopWatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds}s\t Memory:{last_memory - first_memory}");
        }




    }

    public static bool IsPropertyExist(dynamic settings, string name)
    {
        if (settings is ExpandoObject)
            return ((IDictionary<string, object>)settings).ContainsKey(name);

        return settings.GetType().GetProperty(name) != null;
    }

    public static bool HasProperty(dynamic obj, string name)
    {
        Type objType = obj.GetType();

        if (objType == typeof(ExpandoObject))
        {
            return ((IDictionary<string, object>)obj).ContainsKey(name);
        }

        return objType.GetProperty(name) != null;
    }


    public static bool PropertyExists(dynamic obj, string name)
    {
        if (obj == null) return false;
        if (obj is IDictionary<string, object> dict)
        {
            return dict.ContainsKey(name);
        }
        return obj.GetType().GetProperty(name) != null;
    }

    // public static bool HasPropertyExist(dynamic settings, string name)
    // {
    //     if (settings is System.Dynamic.ExpandoObject)
    //         return ((IDictionary<string, object>)settings).ContainsKey(name);
    //     if (settings is DynamicJsonObject)
    //         try
    //         {
    //             return settings[name] != null;
    //         }
    //         catch (KeyNotFoundException)
    //         {
    //             return false;
    //         }
    //     return settings.GetType().GetProperty(name) != null;
    // }

    public static bool IsPropertyExistBinderException(dynamic dynamicObj, string property)
    {
        try
        {
            var value = dynamicObj[property].Value;
            return true;
        }
        catch (RuntimeBinderException)
        {

            return false;
        }

    }

    public static bool HasPropertyFoundException(dynamic obj, string name)
    {
        try
        {
            var value = obj[name];
            return true;
        }
        catch (KeyNotFoundException)
        {
            return false;
        }
    }


    public static bool doesPropertyExist(dynamic obj, string property)
    {
        return ((Type)obj.GetType()).GetProperties().Where(p => p.Name.Equals(property)).Any();
    }

    public static bool PropertyExistsJToken(dynamic obj, string name)
    {
        if (obj == null) return false;
        if (obj is ExpandoObject)
            return ((IDictionary<string, object>)obj).ContainsKey(name);
        if (obj is IDictionary<string, object> dict1)
            return dict1.ContainsKey(name);
        if (obj is IDictionary<string, JToken> dict2)
            return dict2.ContainsKey(name);
        return obj.GetType().GetProperty(name) != null;
    }

    // public static bool PropertyExistsJsonObject(dynamic settings, string name)
    // {
    //     if (settings is ExpandoObject)
    //         return ((IDictionary<string, object>)settings).ContainsKey(name);
    //     else if (settings is DynamicJsonObject)
    //         return ((DynamicJsonObject)settings).GetDynamicMemberNames().Contains(name);

    //     return settings.GetType().GetProperty(name) != null;
    // }
}

doesPropertyExist

时间:59.5907507秒 内存:403680

HasProperty

时间:30.8231781秒 内存:14968

IsPropertyExist

时间:39.6179575秒 内存:97000

IsPropertyExistBinderException 抛出异常

PropertyExists

时间:56.009761秒 内存:13464

PropertyExistsJToken

时间:61.6146953秒 内存:15952


2

以上的解决方案都不能处理来自Json的dynamic,然而我通过改变抛出的异常类型(KeyNotFoundException替代RuntimeBinderException),使用Try catch成功地转换了其中一个...(by @user3359453)

public static bool HasProperty(dynamic obj, string name)
    {
        try
        {
            var value = obj[name];
            return true;
        }
        catch (KeyNotFoundException)
        {
            return false;
        }
    }

在此输入图像描述

希望这能为您节省一些时间。


3
不建议将异常用于类似这样的情况。应该选择像将对象强制转换为 JObject 并使用 .Property() != null 这样的方法。 - Gaspa79

1
为了节约其他人的时间,本答案涵盖了很多使用Newtonsoft Json反序列化动态数据类型的人所搜索的问题。
dynamic dynamicObject = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(json);
if (IsContainsKey(dynamicObject, "searchText"))
    searchText = dynamicObject.searchText;

bool IsContainsKey(dynamic newtonsoftDynamic, string propertyName) {
    return (newtonsoftDynamic as JObject).ContainsKey(propertyName);
}

或者只在代码中使用:
JObject obj = dynamicObject as JObject;
string searchText = string.Empty;
if (obj.ContainsKey("searchText"))
    searchText = obj.Value<string>("searchText");

没有例外,通过Newtonsoft进行适当处理,但您仍然可以使用dynamicObject.xxx来访问您知道始终存在的属性。


1

这也适用于DynamicJsonObject:

  public static bool PropertyExists(dynamic settings, string name)
  {
    if (settings is ExpandoObject)
      return ((IDictionary<string, object>)settings).ContainsKey(name);
    else if (settings is DynamicJsonObject)
      return ((DynamicJsonObject)settings).GetDynamicMemberNames().Contains(name);

    return settings.GetType().GetProperty(name) != null;
  }

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