我需要一张CD或USB闪存,可以在无头机器上安装Ubuntu。只需将光盘插入并重新启动,无需键盘或屏幕参与。
有几个障碍:
- 首次启动CD时的语言选择菜单。
- 光盘菜单的等待时间。
- 安装程序在安装过程中询问问题。
我需要一张CD或USB闪存,可以在无头机器上安装Ubuntu。只需将光盘插入并重新启动,无需键盘或屏幕参与。
有几个障碍:
$ sudo su -
# mkdir -p /mnt/iso
# mount -o loop ubuntu.iso /mnt/iso
# mkdir -p /opt/ubuntuiso
# cp -rT /mnt/iso /opt/ubuntuiso
# cd /opt/ubuntuiso
# echo en >isolinux/lang
ks.cfg
的kickstart文件。# apt-get install system-config-kickstart
# system-config-kickstart # save file to ks.cfg
ks.cfg
kickstart文件中添加一个%package
部分,将类似以下内容附加到ks.cfg
文件的末尾。%packages
@ ubuntu-server
openssh-server
ftp
build-essential
# echo 'd-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
d-i partman/choose_partition \
select Finish partitioning and write changes to disk
d-i partman/confirm boolean true' > ks.preseed
# vi isolinux/txt.cfg
label install
menu label ^Install Ubuntu Server
kernel /install/vmlinuz
append file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed vga=788 initrd=/install/initrd.gz quiet --
ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg
和preseed/file=/cdrom/ks.preseed
。您可以删除quiet
和vga=788
这两个词。它应该看起来像这样: append file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed \
initrd=/install/initrd.gz \
ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg preseed/file=/cdrom/ks.preseed --
# mkisofs -D -r -V "ATTENDLESS_UBUNTU" \
-cache-inodes -J -l -b isolinux/isolinux.bin \
-c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 \
-boot-info-table -o /opt/autoinstall.iso /opt/ubuntuiso
/isolinux/isolinux.cfg
中的超时值从0更改为10:timeout 10请注意,10代表1秒钟。 - digitalsanctumisolinux/lang
的设置,谢谢。 - Chu-Siang Laiecho en > isolinux/lang
指令不再产生任何结果(如果以前有的话,可能是打错了?),只是报告"-su: isolinux/lang: 没有该文件或目录"。是的,我已经挂载了ISO并将文件从循环复制到一个新目录,我正在使用该目录修改文件。 - DeeJayh# isohybrid path/to/image.iso
。 - jjnebekerlang
在18.04版本中仍然存在,只是更换了新的名称。请尝试执行以下命令:echo en > isolinux/langlist
。 - Adam Ericksond-i partman-auto/method string lvm
d-i partman-auto-lvm/guided_size string max
d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic
d-i partman-partitioning/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
d-i partman/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
d-i partman/choose_partition select finish
d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true
d-i partman/confirm boolean true
d-i partman-auto/purge_lvm_from_device boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true
d-i partman-auto/init_automatically_partition select Guided - use entire disk and set up LVM
d-i partman/choose_partition select Finish partitioning and write changes to disk
d-i partman-auto-lvm/no_boot boolean true
d-i partman-md/device_remove_md boolean true
d-i partman-md/confirm boolean true
d-i partman-md/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true
lang en_US
langsupport en_US
keyboard us
mouse
timezone America/Los_Angeles
rootpw --disabled
user USERNAME --fullname "USERNAME" --password "PASSWORD"
reboot
text
install
cdrom
auth --useshadow --enablemd5
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0
firewall --disabled
skipx
%packages
@ ubuntu-server
openssh-server
sudo nano ~/ubuntu/boot/grub/grub.cfg
if loadfont /boot/grub/font.pf2 ; then
set gfxmode=auto
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod gfxterm
terminal_output gfxterm
fi
set menu_color_normal=white/light-blue
set menu_color_highlight=light-blue/light-gray
set timeout=10
set default=0
menuentry "Automatically Install Ubuntu Server with Custom Config" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux /install/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed quiet ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg preseed/file=/cdrom/ks.preseed --
initrd /install/initrd.gz
}
menuentry "OEM install (for manufacturers)" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux /install/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed quiet oem-config/enable=true --
initrd /install/initrd.gz
}
menuentry "Multiple server install with MAAS" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux /install/vmlinuz modules=maas-enlist-udeb vga=788 initrd=/install/initrd.gz quiet --
initrd /install/initrd.gz
}
menuentry "Check disc for defects" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux /install/vmlinuz MENU=/bin/cdrom-checker-menu quiet --
initrd /install/initrd.gz
}
menuentry "Rescue a broken system" {
set gfxpayload=keep
linux /install/vmlinuz rescue/enable=true --
initrd /install/initrd.gz
}
default install
label install
menu label ^Install Ubuntu Server with Custom Config
kernel /install/vmlinuz
append file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu-server.seed initrd=/install/initrd.gz ks=cdrom:/ks.cfg preseed/file=/cdrom/ks.preseed --
label cloud
menu label ^Multiple server install with MAAS
kernel /install/vmlinuz
append modules=maas-enlist-udeb vga=788 initrd=/install/initrd.gz quiet --
label check
menu label ^Check disc for defects
kernel /install/vmlinuz
append MENU=/bin/cdrom-checker-menu vga=788 initrd=/install/initrd.gz quiet --
label memtest
menu label Test ^memory
kernel /install/mt86plus
label hd
menu label ^Boot from first hard disk
localboot 0x80
sudo mkisofs -U -A "Custom1404" -V "Custom1404" -volset "Custom1404" -J -joliet-long -r -v -T -o ../Custom1404.iso -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -eltorito-alt-boot -e boot/grub/efi.img -no-emul-boot .
dumpet -i Custom1404.iso
输出:
Validation Entry:
Header Indicator: 0x01 (Validation Entry)
PlatformId: 0x00 (80x86)
ID: ""
Checksum: 0x55aa
Key bytes: 0x55aa
Boot Catalog Default Entry:
Entry is bootable
Boot Media emulation type: no emulation
Media load segment: 0x0 (0000:7c00)
System type: 0 (0x00)
Load Sectors: 4 (0x0004)
Load LBA: 3100 (0x00000c1c)
Section Header Entry:
Header Indicator: 0x91 (Final Section Header Entry)
PlatformId: 0xef (EFI)
Section Entries: 1
ID: ""
Boot Catalog Section Entry:
Entry is bootable
Boot Media emulation type: no emulation
Media load address: 0 (0x0000)
System type: 0 (0x00)
Load Sectors: 4672 (0x1240)
Load LBA: 1932 (0x0000078c)
使用便携式网络连接,创建您想要的系统,例如根据
制作一个[压缩的] dd 镜像文件(我认为这比重新制作更容易)。
根据此说明,制作一个 shell 脚本,并通过“autostart”在持久化的实时系统中调用它。您可以进行最小的修改(也许只匹配压缩镜像文件的名称),或者您可以根据您的特定情况进行修改。