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如何在HTML文件中动画播放外部SVG文件？

javascriptanimationsvg
3

我有一个名为 index.html 的HTML文件，如下所示。

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <style>
        path {
            fill: none;
            stroke: black;
            stroke-width: 3;
        }
    </style>

</head>
<body>
    <object type="image/svg+xml" data="test.svg"></object>
    <img src="test.svg" />

    <p><button class="animate">Animate</button></p>
    <script>
        (function () {
            var button = document.querySelector('.animate');
            button.onclick = function (event) {
                var paths = document.querySelectorAll('path');
                for (var i = 0; i < paths.length; i++) {
                    var path = paths[i];
                    var length = path.getTotalLength();
                    // Clear any previous transition
                    path.style.transition = path.style.WebkitTransition = 'none';
                    // Set up the starting positions
                    path.style.strokeDasharray = length + ' ' + length;
                    path.style.strokeDashoffset = length;
                    // Trigger a layout so styles are calculated & the browser
                    // picks up the starting position before animating
                    path.getBoundingClientRect();
                    // Define our transition
                    path.style.transition = path.style.WebkitTransition = 'stroke-dashoffset 2s ease-in-out ' + (2 * i) + 's';
                    // Go!
                    path.style.strokeDashoffset = '0';
                }
            };
        }());
    </script>
</body>
</html>

并且有一个名为test.svg的SVG文件如下。

<svg width="100" height="100" viewBox="0 0 100 100">
  <path d="M52.25,14c0.25,2.28-0.52,3.59-1.8,5.62c-5.76,9.14-17.9,27-39.2,39.88" />

  <path d="M54.5,19.25c6.73,7.3,24.09,24.81,32.95,31.91c2.73,2.18,5.61,3.8,9.05,4.59" />

  <path d="M37.36,50.16c1.64,0.34,4.04,0.36,4.98,0.25c6.79-0.79,14.29-1.91,19.66-2.4c1.56-0.14,3.25-0.39,4.66,0" />

  <path d="M23,65.98c2.12,0.52,4.25,0.64,7.01,0.3c13.77-1.71,30.99-3.66,46.35-3.74c3.04-0.02,4.87,0.14,6.4,0.29" />

  <path d="M47.16,66.38c0.62,1.65-0.03,2.93-0.92,4.28c-5.17,7.8-8.02,11.38-14.99,18.84c-2.11,2.25-1.5,4.18,2,3.75c7.35-0.91,28.19-5.83,40.16-7.95" />

  <path d="M66.62,77.39c4.52,3.23,11,12.73,13.06,18.82" />

</svg>

问题

我在Chrome上查看了index.html，但动画无法正常工作。两个文件都在同一个目录中。

如何正确地对加载的SVG进行动画处理？请注意，当SVG作为内联SVG复制并粘贴到HTML文件中时，可以进行动画处理。

你的函数在加载时立即运行，但在运行该函数之前需要等待SVG加载完成。我建议在元素上使用onLoad属性来触发该函数。 - Keno
实际上可能不是这个问题，因为您添加了一个onclick事件。我会写一个答案来解决它。 - Keno
我已经尝试复制您的问题，但没有成功。您可以尝试创建一个代码片段或jsfiddle吗？只要文件名正确，它应该可以正常加载。请仔细检查它们的位置和文件名。 - Keno
2个回答
5

您有两个文档（HTML文档和对象文档），需要按照它们的不同类型进行处理。一个文档中的样式不适用于另一个文档，因此...

首先，我们定义SVG命名空间，然后将路径样式移动到test.svg文件中，使其变为：

<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="100" height="100" viewBox="0 0 100 100">
  <style>
      path {
          fill: none;
          stroke: black;
          stroke-width: 3;
      }
  </style>

  <path d="M52.25,14c0.25,2.28-0.52,3.59-1.8,5.62c-5.76,9.14-17.9,27-39.2,39.88" />

  <path d="M54.5,19.25c6.73,7.3,24.09,24.81,32.95,31.91c2.73,2.18,5.61,3.8,9.05,4.59" />

  <path d="M37.36,50.16c1.64,0.34,4.04,0.36,4.98,0.25c6.79-0.79,14.29-1.91,19.66-2.4c1.56-0.14,3.25-0.39,4.66,0" />

  <path d="M23,65.98c2.12,0.52,4.25,0.64,7.01,0.3c13.77-1.71,30.99-3.66,46.35-3.74c3.04-0.02,4.87,0.14,6.4,0.29" />

  <path d="M47.16,66.38c0.62,1.65-0.03,2.93-0.92,4.28c-5.17,7.8-8.02,11.38-14.99,18.84c-2.11,2.25-1.5,4.18,2,3.75c7.35-0.91,28.19-5.83,40.16-7.95" />

  <path d="M66.62,77.39c4.52,3.23,11,12.73,13.06,18.82" />

</svg>

然后我们需要更改动画代码以提取对象的文档。请注意，我们不能使用img元素进行此操作，因此我已将其删除。

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<body>
    <object type="image/svg+xml" data="test.svg"></object>

    <p><button class="animate">Animate</button></p>
    <script>
        (function () {
            var button = document.querySelector('.animate');
            button.onclick = function (event) {
                var object = document.querySelector("object");
                var doc = object.contentDocument;
                var paths = doc.querySelectorAll('path');
                for (var i = 0; i < paths.length; i++) {
                    var path = paths[i];
                    var length = path.getTotalLength();
                    // Clear any previous transition
                    path.style.transition = path.style.WebkitTransition = 'none';
                    // Set up the starting positions
                    path.style.strokeDasharray = length + ' ' + length;
                    path.style.strokeDashoffset = length;
                    // Trigger a layout so styles are calculated & the browser
                    // picks up the starting position before animating
                    path.getBoundingClientRect();
                    // Define our transition
                    path.style.transition = path.style.WebkitTransition = 'stroke-dashoffset 2s ease-in-out ' + (2 * i) + 's';
                    // Go!
                    path.style.strokeDashoffset = '0';
                }
            };
        }());
    </script>
</body>
</html>
0

正如您所提到的，SVG 可以正常工作，只要文件名和目录正确，它就不会有任何问题来进行动画处理。

var paths = document.querySelectorAll('path');

var button = document.querySelector('.animate');
button.onclick = function() {
  for (var i = 0; i < paths.length; i++) {
    var path = paths[i];
    var length = path.getTotalLength();
    // Clear any previous transition
    path.style.transition = path.style.WebkitTransition = 'none';
    // Set up the starting positions
    path.style.strokeDasharray = length + ' ' + length;
    path.style.strokeDashoffset = length;
    // Trigger a layout so styles are calculated & the browser
    // picks up the starting position before animating
    path.getBoundingClientRect();
    // Define our transition
    path.style.transition = path.style.WebkitTransition = 'stroke-dashoffset 2s ease-in-out ' + (2 * i) + 's';
    // Go!
    path.style.strokeDashoffset = '0';
  }
}
path {
  fill: none;
  stroke: black;
  stroke-width: 3;
}
<p><button class="animate">Animate</button></p>

<svg width="100" height="100" viewBox="0 0 100 100">
  <path d="M52.25,14c0.25,2.28-0.52,3.59-1.8,5.62c-5.76,9.14-17.9,27-39.2,39.88" />

  <path d="M54.5,19.25c6.73,7.3,24.09,24.81,32.95,31.91c2.73,2.18,5.61,3.8,9.05,4.59" />

  <path d="M37.36,50.16c1.64,0.34,4.04,0.36,4.98,0.25c6.79-0.79,14.29-1.91,19.66-2.4c1.56-0.14,3.25-0.39,4.66,0" />

  <path d="M23,65.98c2.12,0.52,4.25,0.64,7.01,0.3c13.77-1.71,30.99-3.66,46.35-3.74c3.04-0.02,4.87,0.14,6.4,0.29" />

  <path d="M47.16,66.38c0.62,1.65-0.03,2.93-0.92,4.28c-5.17,7.8-8.02,11.38-14.99,18.84c-2.11,2.25-1.5,4.18,2,3.75c7.35-0.91,28.19-5.83,40.16-7.95" />

  <path d="M66.62,77.39c4.52,3.23,11,12.73,13.06,18.82" />

</svg>

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