在 macOS 上安装 psycopg2 失败

Question

在 macOS 上安装 psycopg2 失败

6

我已经通过brew在macOS上安装了PostgreSQL：

brew install postgresql

尝试了以下命令，但都失败了：

pipenv install psycopg2
pip install psycopg2

错误信息：

...
  clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include -DPSYCOPG_VERSION=2.8.4 (dt dec pq3 ext lo64) -DPG_VERSION_NUM=120001 -DHAVE_LO64=1 -I/Users/user0/.pyenv/versions/3.8.0/include/python3.8 -I. -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/postgresql/server -c psycopg/adapter_qstring.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/adapter_qstring.o
  clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include -DPSYCOPG_VERSION=2.8.4 (dt dec pq3 ext lo64) -DPG_VERSION_NUM=120001 -DHAVE_LO64=1 -I/Users/user0/.pyenv/versions/3.8.0/include/python3.8 -I. -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/postgresql/server -c psycopg/microprotocols.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/microprotocols.o
  clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include -DPSYCOPG_VERSION=2.8.4 (dt dec pq3 ext lo64) -DPG_VERSION_NUM=120001 -DHAVE_LO64=1 -I/Users/user0/.pyenv/versions/3.8.0/include/python3.8 -I. -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/postgresql/server -c psycopg/microprotocols_proto.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/microprotocols_proto.o
  In file included from psycopg/microprotocols_proto.c:27:
  In file included from ./psycopg/psycopg.h:37:
  ./psycopg/config.h:81:13: warning: unused function 'Dprintf' [-Wunused-function]
  static void Dprintf(const char *fmt, ...) {}
              ^
  1 warning generated.
  clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.14.sdk/usr/include -DPSYCOPG_VERSION=2.8.4 (dt dec pq3 ext lo64) -DPG_VERSION_NUM=120001 -DHAVE_LO64=1 -I/Users/user0/.pyenv/versions/3.8.0/include/python3.8 -I. -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/postgresql/server -c psycopg/typecast.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/typecast.o
  clang -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib -L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib -L/Users/user0/.pyenv/versions/3.8.0/lib -L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib -L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib -L/Users/user0/.pyenv/versions/3.8.0/lib build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/psycopgmodule.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/green.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/pqpath.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/utils.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/bytes_format.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/libpq_support.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/win32_support.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/solaris_support.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/connection_int.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/connection_type.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/cursor_int.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/cursor_type.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/column_type.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/replication_connection_type.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/replication_cursor_type.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/replication_message_type.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/diagnostics_type.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/error_type.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/conninfo_type.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/lobject_int.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/lobject_type.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/notify_type.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/xid_type.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/adapter_asis.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/adapter_binary.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/adapter_datetime.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/adapter_list.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/adapter_pboolean.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/adapter_pdecimal.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/adapter_pint.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/adapter_pfloat.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/adapter_qstring.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/microprotocols.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/microprotocols_proto.o build/temp.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg/typecast.o -L/usr/local/lib -lpq -lssl -lcrypto -o build/lib.macosx-10.14-x86_64-3.8/psycopg2/_psycopg.cpython-38-darwin.so
  ld: library not found for -lssl
  clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
  error: command 'clang' failed with exit status 1
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for psycopg2

此外，将其设置为Shell，然后重新加载：

export PATH=/usr/local/Cellar/postgresql/12.1/bin:$PATH

也不起作用。

- rawmain

你是否拥有多个Python版本？ - RMPR

@RMPR 是的，我已经通过pyenv安装了多个Python版本。但现在正在使用3.8.0。这有什么关系吗？ - rawmain

2

这个回答解决了你的问题吗？使用pip安装mysqlclient报错，找不到-lssl库 - phd

https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=%5Bpip%5D+ld%3A+library+not+found+for+%22-lssl%22 - phd

1

这个回答解决了你的问题吗？pg_config可执行文件未找到 - DUDANF

3个回答

7

在这种情况下，最好的解决方案是安装二进制软件包。

  pip install psycopg2-binary

在此之后，您仍可以尝试重新安装较旧版本的psycopg2包，如下所示。如果您不一定需要最新版本，则应该可以正常工作。

  pip install psycopg2==2.7.5

- Cami Fandino

它还出现了“错误：命令'clang'以退出状态1失败”的错误。 - rawmain

@rawmain 安装命令行工具可能有助于解决问题，可以这样做：xcode-select --install。看到完整的错误消息会很有帮助。但是这个线程也很相似：https://dev59.com/O-k5XIcBkEYKwwoY7eME - Cami Fandino

请记住 psycopg2-binary 仅推荐在开发过程中使用，不应用于生产环境。 - LondonAppDev

0

尝试降级你的Python3版本
尝试使用pip3

我用这种方法解决了这个问题

- svmitin

网页内容由stack overflow 提供, 点击上面的

可以查看英文原文，
原文链接

- RMPR · Accepted Answer

首先，您需要验证 openssl 是否已安装并正确链接：

brew install openssl
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include"

现在，如果使用Python 3.8意味着python可执行文件绑定到Python 3.8，您可能想尝试以下解决方法：

解决方案＃1：安装时指定解释器

python -m pip --no-cache install psycopg2

为确保您调用的pip版本确实与您的Python版本绑定，请注意检查。

如果仍然不能工作，您可能会遇到此问题，在这种情况下，您可以降级您的Python版本，然后再次尝试上述命令。

解决方法＃2：从源代码安装。

首先，您需要从PyPI下载源代码，并运行以下命令：

tar -xf psycopg2-2.8.4.tar.gz && cd psycopg2-2.8.4 # extract the file
python setup.py build
sudo python setup.py install