错误：无法构建本地扩展宝石

Question

我在我的Ubuntu系统上安装了PostgreSQL，但当我尝试运行bundle install时，出现以下错误。

有没有办法运行该命令并安装所有必要的gems？

-- gem install pg -v '0.18.4'
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /home/mink7/.gem/ruby/2.3.0/gems/pg-0.18.4/ext
/home/mink7/usr/local/2.3.0/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20160408-15866-1siay0w.rb extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... yes
Using config values from /usr/bin/pg_config
You need to install postgresql-server-dev-X.Y for building a server-side extension or libpq-dev for building a client-side application.
You need to install postgresql-server-dev-X.Y for building a server-side extension or libpq-dev for building a client-side application.
checking for libpq-fe.h... no
Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/home/mink7/usr/local/2.3.0/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --enable-windows-cross
    --disable-windows-cross
    --with-pg-config
    --without-pg-config
    --with-pg_config
    --without-pg_config
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

  /home/mink7/.gem/ruby/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0-static/pg-0.18.4/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /home/mink7/.gem/ruby/2.3.0/gems/pg-0.18.4 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/mink7/.gem/ruby/2.3.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0-static/pg-0.18.4/gem_make.out

我还运行了

sudo apt-get install gcc

并确保编译器是最新版本。

- Renil Raphy

---

你是否已经安装了 libpq-dev？ - j-dexx

不确定，但这看起来像是类似问题的重复 https://dev59.com/EG025IYBdhLWcg3wYE-G - Tommy Mertell

Answer 1

检查libpq-fe.h的消息...未发现。

尝试安装libpq-dev。 对于Ubuntu系统：

sudo apt-get install libpq-dev

那么您应该能够运行 bundle install 命令。

- Md Waliul Bari Adnan

---

如果您使用Alpine Linux（在我的情况下是Docker镜像），则应安装postgresql-dev。 apk add postgresql-dev - cowgill

Answer 2

我遇到了相同的错误，但是错误信息如下：

检查 pg_config... 未找到

因此，根据上述解决方案，我执行了以下操作：

dnf install libpq-dev   (Since I am using Fedora 23)

但是收到了以下错误信息：

没有可用的libpq-dev软件包。错误：无法找到匹配项。

最初使用以下命令安装了postgresql：

dnf install postgresql-server postgresql-contrib

当我运行 which pg_config 命令时，我得到了以下输出：

/usr/bin/which: 在以下路径中未找到 pg_config (/usr/local/heroku/bin:/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4/bin:/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4@global/bin:/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.2.4/bin:/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/rvm/bin:/home/mayur/.local/bin:/home/mayur/bin)

因此，我使用以下命令重新安装了postgresql：

dnf install postgresql-devel

现在运行which pg_config，输出/usr/bin/pg_config。

然后尝试bundle install：

安装pg 0.18.4本地扩展...没有任何错误。

- Mayuresh Srivastava