在Linux EC2实例中使用Cloud Formation自动挂载EBS卷？

Question

编写了一个 CFT，用于创建连接了两个 EBS 卷的 Red Hat 实例。需要从 CFT 自身自动挂载或格式化 EBS 卷。

CFT：（指的是 CloudFormation 模板）

"BlockDeviceMappings": [
    {
        "DeviceName": "/dev/sda1",
        "Ebs": {
            "DeleteOnTermination": "true",
            "VolumeSize": "150",
            "VolumeType": "standard"
        }
    },
    {
        "DeviceName": "/dev/sdm",
        "Ebs": {
            "DeleteOnTermination": "true",
            "VolumeSize": "1000",
            "VolumeType": "standard"
        }
    }
]

需要自动挂载此卷："DeviceName"："/dev/sdm"。

- user3545018

Answer 1

您需要在与此BlockDeviceMappings相关的实例或启动配置的UserData属性中添加一个小脚本。 UserData将在实例首次启动时执行。当实例使用/etc/fstab重新启动时，设备将自动被重新挂载。

    "UserData" : { "Fn::Base64" : { "Fn::Join" : [ "", [
      "#!/bin/bash -v\n",
      "mkfs -t ext4 /dev/xvdm\n",
      "mkfs -t ext4 /dev/xvda1\n",
      "mkdir /opt/mount1 /opt/mount2\n",
      "mount /dev/xvdm /opt/mount1\n",
      "mount /dev/xvda1 /opt/mount2\n",
      "echo \"/dev/xvdm /opt/mount1 ext4 defaults,nofail 0 2\" >> /etc/fstab\n"
      "echo \"/dev/xvda1 /opt/mount2 ext4 defaults,nofail 0 2\" >> /etc/fstab\n"
    ]]}}

更多信息： http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ebs-using-volumes.html

- Jason

Answer 2

我更喜欢以下方法，而不是在用户数据脚本中显式挂载：

"UserData" : { "Fn::Base64" : { "Fn::Join" : [ "", [
  "#!/bin/bash -v\n",
  "mkfs -t ext4 /dev/xvdm\n",
  "echo \"/dev/xvdm /opt/mount1 ext4 defaults,nofail 0 2\" >> /etc/fstab\n",
  "mount -a\n"
]]}}

"

mount -a

"会尝试挂载/etc/fstab中的所有条目，并依次验证之前的追加操作。

- Saurabh Hirani