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使用PHP实现GCM（Google Cloud Messaging）

phpandroidfirebase-cloud-messaginggoogle-cloud-messaging
218
http://www.sherif.mobi/2012/07/gcm-php-push-server.html - Sherif elKhatib
4
我已经编写了一个小型的面向对象编程库，并实现了GCM服务器。希望它能对某些人有所帮助 :) 在GitHub上查看 - https://github.com/CodeMonkeysRu/GCMMessage - iVariable
1
@HelmiB：我在网站上尝试了你的代码，它没有出现任何错误，但是 $result 是空的。而且消息也无法发送。请帮帮我，我真的很需要它。 - user2064667
我的 GCMMessage 分叉支持指数备份，这是使用 Google API 必需的。它使用 Redis 服务器排队消息，并支持新的端点和 iOS：https://github.com/stevetauber/php-gcm-queue - Steve Tauber
非常简单，您只需要一个应用服务器、GCM服务器和托管该服务的应用程序托管。请参考此示例。这里本地主机充当应用服务器 http://www.feelzdroid.com/2016/02/android-google-cloud-messaging-push-notifications-gcm-tutorial.html。 - Naruto
13个回答
238

这段代码将通过PHP CURL向多个注册ID发送GCM消息。

// Payload data you want to send to Android device(s)
// (it will be accessible via intent extras)    
$data = array('message' => 'Hello World!');

// The recipient registration tokens for this notification
// https://developer.android.com/google/gcm/    
$ids = array('abc', 'def');

// Send push notification via Google Cloud Messaging
sendPushNotification($data, $ids);

function sendPushNotification($data, $ids) {
    // Insert real GCM API key from the Google APIs Console
    // https://code.google.com/apis/console/        
    $apiKey = 'abc';

    // Set POST request body
    $post = array(
                    'registration_ids'  => $ids,
                    'data'              => $data,
                 );

    // Set CURL request headers 
    $headers = array( 
                        'Authorization: key=' . $apiKey,
                        'Content-Type: application/json'
                    );

    // Initialize curl handle       
    $ch = curl_init();

    // Set URL to GCM push endpoint     
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'https://gcm-http.googleapis.com/gcm/send');

    // Set request method to POST       
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);

    // Set custom request headers       
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);

    // Get the response back as string instead of printing it       
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);

    // Set JSON post data
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode($post));

    // Actually send the request    
    $result = curl_exec($ch);

    // Handle errors
    if (curl_errno($ch)) {
        echo 'GCM error: ' . curl_error($ch);
    }

    // Close curl handle
    curl_close($ch);

    // Debug GCM response       
    echo $result;
}
3
这里的情况几乎已经可以工作，但我没有在手机上收到任何消息。我想调试它，但我不知道为什么我的 $result 始终为空... - Bertrand
9
我在哪里可以获得注册ID？ - Seshu Vinay
6
谢谢您的回答！如果有人需要的话，我将其整合成了一个 PHP 对象框架：https://github.com/kaiesh/GCM_PHP - Kaiesh
6
禁用SSL证书检查总是不好的做法。如果您的服务器无法验证SSL证书，请使用此技术告诉cURL应该期望哪个证书：http://unitstep.net/blog/2009/05/05/using-curl-in-php-to-access-https-ssltls-protected-sites/ 或者通过类似以下方式强制cURL使用来自cURL网站的最新cacert.pem：https://gist.github.com/gboudreau/5206966 - Guillaume Boudreau
4
这个命令会起作用：curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_IPRESOLVE, CURL_IPRESOLVE_V4 );意思是告诉 CURL 只使用 IPv4 地址进行连接。 - zeusstl
显示剩余20条评论
35
<?php
    // Replace with the real server API key from Google APIs
    $apiKey = "your api key";

    // Replace with the real client registration IDs
    $registrationIDs = array( "reg id1","reg id2");

    // Message to be sent
    $message = "hi Shailesh";

    // Set POST variables
    $url = 'https://android.googleapis.com/gcm/send';

    $fields = array(
        'registration_ids' => $registrationIDs,
        'data' => array( "message" => $message ),
    );
    $headers = array(
        'Authorization: key=' . $apiKey,
        'Content-Type: application/json'
    );

    // Open connection
    $ch = curl_init();

    // Set the URL, number of POST vars, POST data
    curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
    curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
    curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
    curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    //curl_setopt( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode( $fields));

    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
    // curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
    // curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode( $fields));

    // Execute post
    $result = curl_exec($ch);

    // Close connection
    curl_close($ch);
    echo $result;
    //print_r($result);
    //var_dump($result);
?>
3
嗨，Shailesh Giri，使用浏览器密钥可以正常工作，但是在使用服务器密钥时，会显示未经授权的401错误。请问你能帮忙吗？ - Sushil Kandola
服务器预期的结果是什么？我没有收到任何响应！而且设备也没有显示任何消息。 - shiladitya
3
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);是不可取的。如果由于某种原因，运行此PHP代码的服务器无法验证Google服务器使用的SSL证书，则可以告诉cURL要验证什么内容。例如：http://unitstep.net/blog/2009/05/05/using-curl-in-php-to-access-https-ssltls-protected-sites/。 - Guillaume Boudreau
19

做起来很容易。Elad Nava在这里发布的页面上的cURL代码是有效的。Elad已经针对他收到的错误进行了评论。

描述发生在处理该收件人消息时出现的错误的字符串。可能的值与上述表格中记录的相同，另外还有 "Unavailable" （意味着 GCM 服务器忙碌，无法处理该特定收件人的消息，因此可以重试）。

我已经设置好了一个服务，看起来似乎正在工作（有点），到目前为止，从 Google 返回的都是不可用的结果。很可能这很快就会改变。

回答问题时，请使用 PHP，确保Zend Framework在您的包含路径中，并使用以下代码：

<?php
    ini_set('display_errors',1);
    include"Zend/Loader/Autoloader.php";
    Zend_Loader_Autoloader::getInstance();

    $url = 'https://android.googleapis.com/gcm/send';
    $serverApiKey = "YOUR API KEY AS GENERATED IN API CONSOLE";
    $reg = "DEVICE REGISTRATION ID";

    $data = array(
            'registration_ids' => array($reg),
            'data' => array('yourname' => 'Joe Bloggs')
    );

    print(json_encode($data));

    $client = new Zend_Http_Client($url);
    $client->setMethod('POST');
    $client->setHeaders(array("Content-Type" => "application/json", "Authorization" => "key=" . $serverApiKey));
    $client->setRawData(json_encode($data));
    $request = $client->request('POST');
    $body = $request->getBody();
    $headers = $request->getHeaders();
    print("<xmp>");
    var_dump($body);
    var_dump($headers);

我们到这里就完成了。一个使用谷歌新的GCM在Zend Framework PHP中工作的（它很快就会工作）示例。

9
大规模更新！显然，使用设有IP限制的API密钥无法正常工作。我刚刚在服务器端将API密钥更换为API控制台中名为“适用于浏览器应用程序的密钥（带有引荐者）”的密钥。猜猜怎么着！它通过了。下面是返回的内容： {"multicast_id":8466657113827057558,"success":1,"failure":0,"canonical_ids":0,"results":[{"message_id":"0:1341067903035991%921c249a66d6cf16"}]} - Roger Thomas
1
现在它是开着的。我每天大约处理了3500条信息，目前还没有任何问题需要报告。 - Roger Thomas
+1 Elad..你必须为服务器应用程序使用浏览器应用程序API密钥！谷歌，真的很有帮助的失败:(（浪费了很多时间） - Jonny Nott
13
10

我已经在我的Zend_Mobile分支中做到了这一点：https://github.com/mwillbanks/Zend_Mobile/tree/feature/gcm

这将随着ZF 1.12发布，不过它应该为您提供如何完成此操作的很好的示例。

以下是快速演示的方式....

<?php
require_once 'Zend/Mobile/Push/Gcm.php';
require_once 'Zend/Mobile/Push/Message/Gcm.php';

$message = new Zend_Mobile_Push_Message_Gcm();
$message->setId(time());
$message->addToken('ABCDEF0123456789');
$message->setData(array(
    'foo' => 'bar',
    'bar' => 'foo',
));

$gcm = new Zend_Mobile_Push_Gcm();
$gcm->setApiKey('MYAPIKEY');

$response = false;

try {
    $response = $gcm->send($message);
} catch (Zend_Mobile_Push_Exception $e) {
    // all other exceptions only require action to be sent or implementation of exponential backoff.
    die($e->getMessage());
}

// handle all errors and registration_id's
foreach ($response->getResults() as $k => $v) {
    if ($v['registration_id']) {
        printf("%s has a new registration id of: %s\r\n", $k, $v['registration_id']);
    }
    if ($v['error']) {
        printf("%s had an error of: %s\r\n", $k, $v['error']);
    }
    if ($v['message_id']) {
        printf("%s was successfully sent the message, message id is: %s", $k, $v['message_id']);
    }
}
1
好的！这很不错。但是我怎么可以得到用户的令牌呢？我猜你正在使用令牌作为注册ID。在我的Android应用程序中，服务器URL将会是什么？ - tasomaniac
是的，tokens就是注册ID；这是因为该库试图保持相对抽象，因为它还实现了APNS和MPNS。服务器URL是您最终创建的任何内容；这只是提供发送的粘合剂，您需要编写一个区域，在那里您将发布注册ID并将其保存在某个地方。从那里，您可以利用上面的代码向应用程序实际发送推送通知。 - mwillbanks
6
很多教程都已经过时了，即使当前的代码也没有考虑到设备的registration_ids更新或设备注销的情况。如果不加以检查，最终会出现问题，导致无法接收消息。http://forum.loungekatt.com/viewtopic.php?t=63#p181
6

另外，您可以尝试使用这段代码：源码：

<?php
    define("GOOGLE_API_KEY", "AIzaSyCJiVkatisdQ44rEM353PFGbia29mBVscA");
    define("GOOGLE_GCM_URL", "https://android.googleapis.com/gcm/send");

    function send_gcm_notify($reg_id, $message) {
        $fields = array(
            'registration_ids'  => array( $reg_id ),
            'data'              => array( "message" => $message ),
        );

        $headers = array(
            'Authorization: key=' . GOOGLE_API_KEY,
            'Content-Type: application/json'
        );

        $ch = curl_init();
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, GOOGLE_GCM_URL);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, json_encode($fields));

        $result = curl_exec($ch);
        if ($result === FALSE) {
            die('Problem occurred: ' . curl_error($ch));
        }

        curl_close($ch);
        echo $result;
    }

    $reg_id = "APA91bHuSGES.....nn5pWrrSz0dV63pg";
    $msg = "Google Cloud Messaging working well";

    send_gcm_notify($reg_id, $msg);
你的代码显示错误信息：“问题出现了：连接74.125.142.95失败：权限被拒绝”。这是什么问题？ - user2064667
4
<?php

function sendMessageToPhone($deviceToken, $collapseKey, $messageText, $yourKey) {    
    echo "DeviceToken:".$deviceToken."Key:".$collapseKey."Message:".$messageText
            ."API Key:".$yourKey."Response"."<br/>";

    $headers = array('Authorization:key=' . $yourKey);    
    $data = array(    
        'registration_id' => $deviceToken,          
        'collapse_key' => $collapseKey,
        'data.message' => $messageText);  
    $ch = curl_init();    

    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://android.googleapis.com/gcm/send");    
    if ($headers)    
        curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);    
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);    
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);    
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);    
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);    

    $response = curl_exec($ch);    
    var_dump($response);
    $httpCode = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);    
    if (curl_errno($ch)) {
        return false;
    }    
    if ($httpCode != 200) {
        return false;
    }    
    curl_close($ch);    
    return $response;    
}  

$yourKey = "YOURKEY";
$deviceToken = "REGISTERED_ID";
$collapseKey = "COLLAPSE_KEY";
$messageText = "MESSAGE";
echo sendMessageToPhone($deviceToken, $collapseKey, $messageText, $yourKey);
?>

在上述脚本中，只需更改以下内容： - “YOURKEY”为API控制台的服务器密钥。 - “REGISTERED_ID”为您设备的注册ID。 - “COLLAPSE_KEY”为所需的密钥。 - “MESSAGE”为您想要发送的消息。
如果您在此过程中遇到任何问题，请告诉我。我已成功使用相同的脚本接收通知。
2
您可以使用在Packagist上提供的这个PHP库： https://github.com/CoreProc/gcm-php 安装后，您可以执行以下操作：
$gcmClient = new GcmClient('your-gcm-api-key-here');

$message = new Message($gcmClient);

$message->addRegistrationId('xxxxxxxxxx');
$message->setData([
    'title' => 'Sample Push Notification',
    'message' => 'This is a test push notification using Google Cloud Messaging'
]);

try {

    $response = $message->send();

    // The send() method returns a Response object
    print_r($response);

} catch (Exception $exception) {

    echo 'uh-oh: ' . $exception->getMessage();

}
0

这是由@Elad Nava发布的PHP代码的Android代码。

MainActivity.java（启动器活动）

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    String PROJECT_NUMBER="your project number/sender id";
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);



        GCMClientManager pushClientManager = new GCMClientManager(this, PROJECT_NUMBER);
        pushClientManager.registerIfNeeded(new GCMClientManager.RegistrationCompletedHandler() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(String registrationId, boolean isNewRegistration) {

                Log.d("Registration id", registrationId);
                //send this registrationId to your server
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(String ex) {
                super.onFailure(ex);
            }
        });
    }
}

GCMClientManager.java

public class GCMClientManager {
    // Constants
    public static final String TAG = "GCMClientManager";
    public static final String EXTRA_MESSAGE = "message";
    public static final String PROPERTY_REG_ID = "your sender id";
    private static final String PROPERTY_APP_VERSION = "appVersion";
    private final static int PLAY_SERVICES_RESOLUTION_REQUEST = 9000;
    // Member variables
    private GoogleCloudMessaging gcm;
    private String regid;
    private String projectNumber;
    private Activity activity;
    public GCMClientManager(Activity activity, String projectNumber) {
        this.activity = activity;
        this.projectNumber = projectNumber;
        this.gcm = GoogleCloudMessaging.getInstance(activity);
    }
    /**
     * @return Application's version code from the {@code PackageManager}.
     */
    private static int getAppVersion(Context context) {
        try {
            PackageInfo packageInfo = context.getPackageManager()
                    .getPackageInfo(context.getPackageName(), 0);
            return packageInfo.versionCode;
        } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {
            // should never happen
            throw new RuntimeException("Could not get package name: " + e);
        }
    }
    // Register if needed or fetch from local store
    public void registerIfNeeded(final RegistrationCompletedHandler handler) {
        if (checkPlayServices()) {
            regid = getRegistrationId(getContext());
            if (regid.isEmpty()) {
                registerInBackground(handler);
            } else { // got id from cache
                Log.i(TAG, regid);
                handler.onSuccess(regid, false);
            }
        } else { // no play services
            Log.i(TAG, "No valid Google Play Services APK found.");
        }
    }
    /**
     * Registers the application with GCM servers asynchronously.
     * <p>
     * Stores the registration ID and app versionCode in the application's
     * shared preferences.
     */
    private void registerInBackground(final RegistrationCompletedHandler handler) {
        new AsyncTask<Void, Void, String>() {
            @Override
            protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {
                try {
                    if (gcm == null) {
                        gcm = GoogleCloudMessaging.getInstance(getContext());
                    }
                    InstanceID instanceID = InstanceID.getInstance(getContext());
                    regid = instanceID.getToken(projectNumber, GoogleCloudMessaging.INSTANCE_ID_SCOPE, null);
                    Log.i(TAG, regid);
                    // Persist the regID - no need to register again.
                    storeRegistrationId(getContext(), regid);
                } catch (IOException ex) {
                    // If there is an error, don't just keep trying to register.
                    // Require the user to click a button again, or perform
                    // exponential back-off.
                    handler.onFailure("Error :" + ex.getMessage());
                }
                return regid;
            }
            @Override
            protected void onPostExecute(String regId) {
                if (regId != null) {
                    handler.onSuccess(regId, true);
                }
            }
        }.execute(null, null, null);
    }
    /**
     * Gets the current registration ID for application on GCM service.
     * <p>
     * If result is empty, the app needs to register.
     *
     * @return registration ID, or empty string if there is no existing
     *     registration ID.
     */
    private String getRegistrationId(Context context) {
        final SharedPreferences prefs = getGCMPreferences(context);
        String registrationId = prefs.getString(PROPERTY_REG_ID, "");
        if (registrationId.isEmpty()) {
            Log.i(TAG, "Registration not found.");
            return "";
        }
        // Check if app was updated; if so, it must clear the registration ID
        // since the existing regID is not guaranteed to work with the new
        // app version.
        int registeredVersion = prefs.getInt(PROPERTY_APP_VERSION, Integer.MIN_VALUE);
        int currentVersion = getAppVersion(context);
        if (registeredVersion != currentVersion) {
            Log.i(TAG, "App version changed.");
            return "";
        }
        return registrationId;
    }
    /**
     * Stores the registration ID and app versionCode in the application's
     * {@code SharedPreferences}.
     *
     * @param context application's context.
     * @param regId registration ID
     */
    private void storeRegistrationId(Context context, String regId) {
        final SharedPreferences prefs = getGCMPreferences(context);
        int appVersion = getAppVersion(context);
        Log.i(TAG, "Saving regId on app version " + appVersion);
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = prefs.edit();
        editor.putString(PROPERTY_REG_ID, regId);
        editor.putInt(PROPERTY_APP_VERSION, appVersion);
        editor.commit();
    }
    private SharedPreferences getGCMPreferences(Context context) {
        // This sample app persists the registration ID in shared preferences, but
        // how you store the regID in your app is up to you.
        return getContext().getSharedPreferences(context.getPackageName(),
                Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
    }
    /**
     * Check the device to make sure it has the Google Play Services APK. If
     * it doesn't, display a dialog that allows users to download the APK from
     * the Google Play Store or enable it in the device's system settings.
     */
    private boolean checkPlayServices() {
        int resultCode = GooglePlayServicesUtil.isGooglePlayServicesAvailable(getContext());
        if (resultCode != ConnectionResult.SUCCESS) {
            if (GooglePlayServicesUtil.isUserRecoverableError(resultCode)) {
                GooglePlayServicesUtil.getErrorDialog(resultCode, getActivity(),
                        PLAY_SERVICES_RESOLUTION_REQUEST).show();
            } else {
                Log.i(TAG, "This device is not supported.");
            }
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }
    private Context getContext() {
        return activity;
    }
    private Activity getActivity() {
        return activity;
    }
    public static abstract class RegistrationCompletedHandler {
        public abstract void onSuccess(String registrationId, boolean isNewRegistration);
        public void onFailure(String ex) {
            // If there is an error, don't just keep trying to register.
            // Require the user to click a button again, or perform
            // exponential back-off.
            Log.e(TAG, ex);
        }
    }
}

PushNotificationService.java（通知生成器）

public class PushNotificationService extends GcmListenerService{

    public static int MESSAGE_NOTIFICATION_ID = 100;

    @Override
    public void onMessageReceived(String from, Bundle data) {
        String message = data.getString("message");
        sendNotification("Hi-"+message, "My App sent you a message");
    }

    private void sendNotification(String title, String body) {
        Context context = getBaseContext();
        NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder = (NotificationCompat.Builder) new NotificationCompat.Builder(context)
                .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher).setContentTitle(title)
                .setContentText(body);
        NotificationManager mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) context
                .getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        mNotificationManager.notify(MESSAGE_NOTIFICATION_ID, mBuilder.build());
    }
}

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>


<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE" />
<permission android:name="com.example.gcm.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"
    android:protectionLevel="signature" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.example.gcm.permission.C2D_MESSAGE" />
<application
    android:allowBackup="true"
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
    android:label="@string/app_name"
    android:supportsRtl="true"
    android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
    <activity android:name=".MainActivity" >
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

            <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
        </intent-filter>
    </activity>

    <service
        android:name=".PushNotificationService"
        android:exported="false">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE" />
        </intent-filter>
    </service>

    <receiver
        android:name="com.google.android.gms.gcm.GcmReceiver"
        android:exported="true"
        android:permission="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE" />
            <category android:name="package.gcmdemo" />
        </intent-filter>
    </receiver>
</application>

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