使用 FragmentContainerView 时遇到 Null NavHostFragment/NavController。

4

期望结果

使用Navigation UI的BottomNavigationViewFragmentContainerView创建底部应用栏导航,类似于示例应用程序NavigationAdavancedSample

请注意,NavigationAndvancedSample应用程序似乎并没有使用文档中描述的相同实现,因为它使用了自定义扩展方法setupWithNavController来实现。

观察结果

MainActivity.kt中使用FragmentContainerView创建BottomNavigationView时,出现空的NavHostFragment

可重现的错误和完整代码示例可在BottomNavigationViewSample存储库中找到。

错误信息

2020-05-15 12:39:19.117 18747-18747/com.example.bottomnavigationviewsample E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main Process: com.example.bottomnavigationviewsample, PID: 18747 java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example.bottomnavigationviewsample/com.example.bottomnavigationviewsample.MainActivity}: kotlin.TypeCastException: null不能转换为非空类型androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3270) at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3409) at android.app.servertransaction.LaunchActivityItem.execute(LaunchActivityItem.java:83) at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.executeCallbacks(TransactionExecutor.java:135) at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.execute(TransactionExecutor.java:95) at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2016) at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:107) at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214) at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7356) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:492) at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:930) Caused by: kotlin.TypeCastException: null不能转换为非空类型androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment at com.example.bottomnavigationviewsample.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.kt:16) at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7802) at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7791) at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1299) at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3245) at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3409) at android.app.servertransaction.LaunchActivityItem.execute(LaunchActivityItem.java:83) at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.executeCallbacks(TransactionExecutor.java:135) at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.execute(TransactionExecutor.java:95) at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2016) at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:107) at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:214) at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7356) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:492) at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:930) 2020-05-15 12:39:19.132 18747-18747/com.example.bottomnavigationviewsample I/Process: Sending signal. PID: 18747 SIG: 9
  1. 为第一个视图home.xml创建一个导航图,在app > res > navigation下显示在BottomNavigationView中。

    a. 当提示Add Project Dependency时,选择OK

    b. 在build.gradle (:someAppModule)中添加kotlinOptions { jvmTarget = '1.8' }以启用AppBarConfiguration的内联字节码。

    c. 向home.xml添加一个片段以在BottomNavigationView中显示。

home.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<navigation xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/home"
    app:startDestination="@id/homeFragment">

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/homeFragment"
        android:name="com.example.bottomnavigationviewsample.HomeFragment"
        android:label="fragment_home"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_home" />
</navigation>

build.gradle

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android-extensions'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 29
    buildToolsVersion "29.0.3"

    kotlinOptions { jvmTarget = '1.8' }

    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.bottomnavigationviewsample"
        minSdkVersion 21
        targetSdkVersion 29
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"

        testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }

}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0'
    implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.2.0'
    implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0'
    implementation 'androidx.navigation:navigation-fragment-ktx:2.2.2'
    implementation 'androidx.navigation:navigation-ui-ktx:2.2.2'
}

  1. app > res > menu下创建BottomNavigationView菜单bottom_nav.xml

    a. 为菜单idtitle添加字符串值。

    b. 为菜单icon添加矢量可绘制图形。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
        <item
            android:id="@+id/home"
            android:icon="@drawable/ic_home_black_24dp"
            android:contentDescription="@string/cd_home"
            android:title="@string/title_home" />
</menu>
  1. MainActivity.ktactivity_main.xml布局中添加FragmentContainerViewBottomNavigationView

activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <androidx.fragment.app.FragmentContainerView
        android:id="@+id/nav_host_container"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1" />

    <com.google.android.material.bottomnavigation.BottomNavigationView
        android:id="@+id/bottom_nav"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:menu="@menu/bottom_nav"/>
</LinearLayout>
  1. MainActivity.kt中启用BottomNavigationView

    a. 创建AppBarConfiguration参见:使用NaviationUI更新UI组件 > AppBarConfiguration

    b. 创建NavHostFragmentNavController参见:StackOverflow解决方案,使用findNavController的FragmentContainerView

    c. 设置操作栏导航。

    d. 设置BottomNavigationView导航。 参见:使用NavigationUI更新UI组件 > 底部导航

package com.example.bottomnavigationviewsample

import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment
import androidx.navigation.ui.AppBarConfiguration
import androidx.navigation.ui.setupActionBarWithNavController
import androidx.navigation.ui.setupWithNavController
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
        val appBarConfiguration = AppBarConfiguration(setOf(R.id.home))

        val navHostFragment = supportFragmentManager.findFragmentById(R.id.nav_host_container) as NavHostFragment
        val navController = navHostFragment.navController

        setupActionBarWithNavController(navController, appBarConfiguration)
        bottom_nav.setupWithNavController(navController)
    }
}

尝试的解决方案

  1. 按照文档中的说明,使用 findNavController(R.id.nav_host_container) 创建 NavController

  2. activity_main.xml 中实现一个 fragment 视图,而不是 FragmentContainerView

activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/nav_host_container"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1" />

    <com.google.android.material.bottomnavigation.BottomNavigationView
        android:id="@+id/bottom_nav"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:menu="@menu/bottom_nav"/>
</LinearLayout>
2个回答

3
我也遇到了这个问题。 我的错误在于我没有在导航文件中输入正确的导航标签ID。 请注意,该ID必须等于菜单项的ID。
在导航文件(navigation/home.xml)中:
<navigation
android:id="@+id/home" ... >

并在菜单文件中 (menu/bottom_nav.xml):

 <item
    android:id="@+id/home" ... />

那就是问题所在,谢谢! - RodParedes

2

BottomNavigationView菜单项添加一个父级导航图。

完整的示例代码包含在BottomNavigationSample中。

  1. 为菜单片段创建一个父级别的导航图。注意,这不反映在NavigationAdvancedSample架构模式中,该模式具有三个单独的导航图而没有父级别的导航图。

这可以通过一个父级别的导航图和每个菜单项的片段或嵌套导航图来实现。嵌套导航图很好,因为每个子流程都可以在嵌套图内组织。

main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<navigation xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:id="@+id/main"
    app:startDestination="@id/home">
    <include app:graph="@navigation/home" />
    <include app:graph="@navigation/saved" />
</navigation>
  1. 使用FragmentContainerView中的navGraph添加父图。

activity_main.xml

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <androidx.fragment.app.FragmentContainerView
        android:id="@+id/nav_host_container"
        android:name="androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        app:defaultNavHost="true"
        app:navGraph="@navigation/main"/>

    <com.google.android.material.bottomnavigation.BottomNavigationView
        android:id="@+id/bottom_nav"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:menu="@menu/bottom_nav" />

</LinearLayout>
  1. MainActivity.kt 中启用 BottomNavigationView
import android.os.Bundle
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment
import androidx.navigation.ui.AppBarConfiguration
import androidx.navigation.ui.setupActionBarWithNavController
import androidx.navigation.ui.setupWithNavController
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
        val appBarConfiguration = AppBarConfiguration(setOf(R.id.home, R.id.saved))

        val navHostFragment = supportFragmentManager.findFragmentById(R.id.nav_host_container) as NavHostFragment
        val navController = navHostFragment.navController

        setupActionBarWithNavController(navController, appBarConfiguration)
        bottom_nav.setupWithNavController(navController)
    }
}

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