在使用django-rest-framework时，我遇到了解析多部分表单数据的一些困难。我已经设置了一个最小视图，只是回显请求数据：
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.parsers import MultiPartParser, FormParser
class FileUpload(APIView):
parser_classes = (MultiPartParser, FormParser, )
def post(self, request, format=None, *args, **kwargs):
return Response({'raw': request.data, 'data': request._request.POST,
'files': str(request._request.FILES)})
我希望raw（我承认名称有点不好）实际上包含与request._request.POST和request._request.FILES相同的数据。
如果我使用Content-Type = application / x-www-form-urlencoded向视图POST，则可以按预期工作：
$ http -v --form POST http://localhost:8000/upload/api/ course=3 name=name
POST /upload/api/ HTTP/1.1
Accept: */*
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 18
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8
Host: localhost:8000
User-Agent: HTTPie/0.9.2
course=3&name=name
HTTP/1.0 200 OK
Allow: POST, OPTIONS
Content-Type: application/json
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2015 16:52:37 GMT
Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.4.3
Vary: Accept, Cookie
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
{
"data": {
"course": "3",
"name": "name"
},
"files": "<MultiValueDict: {}>",
"raw": {
"course": "3",
"name": "name"
}
}
但是，如果我使用Content-Type=multipart/form-data发布，我会得到以下结果：
$ http -v --form POST http://localhost:8000/upload/api/ file@~/Projects/lms/manage.py course=3 name=name
POST /upload/api/ HTTP/1.1
Accept: */*
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 577
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=634ec7c7e89a487b89c1c07c0d24744c
Host: localhost:8000
User-Agent: HTTPie/0.9.2
--634ec7c7e89a487b89c1c07c0d24744c
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="course"
3
--634ec7c7e89a487b89c1c07c0d24744c
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="name"
name
--634ec7c7e89a487b89c1c07c0d24744c
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="manage.py"
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys
if __name__ == "__main__":
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "config.settings.local")
from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
--634ec7c7e89a487b89c1c07c0d24744c--
HTTP/1.0 200 OK
Allow: POST, OPTIONS
Content-Type: application/json
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2015 16:55:44 GMT
Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.4.3
Vary: Accept, Cookie
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
{
"data": {
"course": "3",
"name": "name"
},
"files": "<MultiValueDict: {'file': [<InMemoryUploadedFile: manage.py ()>]}>",
"raw": {}
}
我是否漏掉了什么重要的东西？我在此使用HTTPIE生成请求，但curl也存在相同的行为，所以我相信那不是问题。我正在使用djangorestframework==3.3.0和Django==1.8.4
编辑：
似乎将请求方法改为PUT（其他内容相同）可以达到期望的结果:
$ http -v --form PUT http://localhost:8000/upload/api/ file@~/Projects/lms/manage.py course=3 name=name
PUT /upload/api/ HTTP/1.1
Accept: */*
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 577
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=98feb59a8abe4bfb95a7321f536ed800
Host: localhost:8000
User-Agent: HTTPie/0.9.2
--98feb59a8abe4bfb95a7321f536ed800
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="course"
3
--98feb59a8abe4bfb95a7321f536ed800
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="name"
name
--98feb59a8abe4bfb95a7321f536ed800
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="manage.py"
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys
if __name__ == "__main__":
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "config.settings.local")
from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
--98feb59a8abe4bfb95a7321f536ed800--
HTTP/1.0 200 OK
Allow: POST, PUT, OPTIONS
Content-Type: application/json
Date: Thu, 17 Dec 2015 18:10:34 GMT
Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.4.3
Vary: Accept, Cookie
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
{
"data": {},
"files": "<MultiValueDict: {}>",
"raw": "<QueryDict: {'name': ['name'], 'course': ['3'], 'file': [<InMemoryUploadedFile: manage.py ()>]}>"
}
所以我可以只使用PUT。但是这并不理想，因为客户端无法控制文件的名称或在服务器上的位置。POST更适合这种情况。无论如何，我不明白为什么PUT能够工作而POST不能。