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"method_missing": User没有定义名为 "devise" 的方法（调用 "User.connection" 建立连接）

ruby-on-railsdevise
27

我是Ruby on Rails的新手，正在尝试制作我的第一个应用程序。但是每次运行任何rails generate命令时都会出现问题，我会收到以下错误信息。

MyUsers-MacBook-Pro:MyApp MyUser$ rails generate devise:install
Warning: Running `gem pristine --all` to regenerate your installed gemspecs (and deleting then reinstalling your bundle if you use bundle --path) will improve the startup performance of Spring.
/Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activerecord-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_record/dynamic_matchers.rb:26:in `method_missing': undefined method `devise' for User (call 'User.connection' to establish a connection):Class (NoMethodError)
    from /Users/MyUser/.Trash/MyApp/app/models/user.rb:4:in `<class:User>'
    from /Users/MyUser/.Trash/MyApp/app/models/user.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:443:in `load'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:443:in `block in load_file'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:633:in `new_constants_in'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:442:in `load_file'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:342:in `require_or_load'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:480:in `load_missing_constant'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:180:in `const_missing'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:238:in `const_get'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:238:in `block in constantize'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:236:in `each'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:236:in `inject'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/inflector/methods.rb:236:in `constantize'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:552:in `get'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:583:in `constantize'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise.rb:297:in `get'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/mapping.rb:77:in `to'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/mapping.rb:72:in `modules'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/mapping.rb:89:in `routes'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/mapping.rb:156:in `default_used_route'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/mapping.rb:66:in `initialize'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise.rb:331:in `new'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise.rb:331:in `add_mapping'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/rails/routes.rb:221:in `block in devise_for'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/rails/routes.rb:220:in `each'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/devise-3.2.4/lib/devise/rails/routes.rb:220:in `devise_for'
    from /Users/MyUser/.Trash/MyApp/config/routes.rb:2:in `block in <top (required)>'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.2.rc1/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:337:in `instance_exec'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.2.rc1/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:337:in `eval_block'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/actionpack-4.1.2.rc1/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:315:in `draw'
    from /Users/MyUser/.Trash/MyApp/config/routes.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `load'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `block in load'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in `load_dependency'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:241:in `load'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:40:in `block in load_paths'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:40:in `each'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:40:in `load_paths'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:16:in `reload!'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:26:in `block in updater'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/file_update_checker.rb:75:in `call'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/file_update_checker.rb:75:in `execute'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:27:in `updater'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/routes_reloader.rb:7:in `execute_if_updated'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:71:in `block in <module:Finisher>'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tsort.rb:150:in `block in tsort_each'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tsort.rb:183:in `block (2 levels) in each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tsort.rb:219:in `each_strongly_connected_component_from'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tsort.rb:182:in `block in each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tsort.rb:180:in `each'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tsort.rb:180:in `each_strongly_connected_component'
    from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.0/usr/lib/ruby/2.0.0/tsort.rb:148:in `tsort_each'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/railties-4.1.2.rc1/lib/rails/application.rb:300:in `initialize!'
    from /Users/MyUser/.Trash/MyApp/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `require'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `block in require'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in `load_dependency'
    from /Users/MyUser/.gem/ruby/2.0.0/gems/activesupport-4.1.2.rc1/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `require'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:92:in `preload'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:140:in `serve'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:128:in `block in run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:122:in `loop'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application.rb:122:in `run'
    from /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.0.0/gems/spring-1.1.3/lib/spring/application/boot.rb:18:in `<top (required)>'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
    from /Library/Ruby/Site/2.0.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
    from -e:1:in `<main>'
即使我没有将gem 'devise'添加到我的Gemfile中，我仍然会收到该错误。 我甚至创建了一个新的应用程序并收到了该错误。
我甚至尝试了在undefined method 'devise' for User上的答案。
您有任何想法如何摆脱这个错误？ 编辑 我目前没有任何模型 enter image description here
即使我没有将gem 'devise'添加到我的Gemfile中，我仍然会遇到那个错误。当然，如果您不添加gem 'devise'，您肯定会遇到该错误，因为该命令与Devise有关，您是在遵循某个指南吗？ - Tamer Shlash
4
为什么你要从“垃圾桶”文件夹中运行命令？>_> - sevenseacat
@TamerShlash 是的，我已经按照 devise 的 github wiki 上的入门指南以及 RailsGirls 教程进行了跟进。 - Bot
@sevenseacat 我在我的问题中添加了一张截图。错误消息中提到的user.rb位于.trash文件夹中...我不确定为什么它会在那里查找。 - Bot
这不是你运行 rails g devise:install 命令的应用程序。你正在从“垃圾”文件夹中的应用程序中运行该命令，可能是一个旧的已删除应用程序。 - sevenseacat
显示剩余5条评论
9个回答
64

这是因为您错过了命令：

rails generate devise:install

你只需要在routes.rb / user.rb文件中暂时注释掉所有的设备行（devise lines），以免出现错误。
然后再次运行命令即可。

21

这是适当的订单。

gem 'devise'
Run the bundle command to install it.
rails generate devise:install
rails generate devise MODEL

在"rails generate devise:install"之前就创建了Model。因此，您需要返回并注释掉Model创建的所有内容：

class User < ActiveRecord::Base
# Include default devise modules. Others available are:
# :confirmable, :lockable, :timeoutable and :omniauthable
#devise :database_authenticatable, :registerable,
#:recoverable, :rememberable, :trackable, :validatable
end

还有这个

Rails.application.routes.draw do
#devise_for :users
end

现在，运行 "rails generate devise:install" 命令，然后取消上面的注释。
2

我在从版本库中新检出的一个现有项目中遇到了类似的问题：

具体缺少的文件包括：

config/initializers/devise.rb 
config/locales/devise.en.yml

在这种情况下，由于devise.rb在.gitignore列表中，因此可以复制config/initializers/devise.rb.example文件。
如果你不是从头开始的话，这个答案就适用。 - EGurelli
2

运行 rails generate devise:install 命令会创建一个 config/initializers/devise.rb 文件。

你需要使用 Ctrl + C 和 rails s 命令重启服务器，以便更改 config 文件生效。

否则，刷新页面时将会得到相同的错误信息。

2

执行以下命令：

rails generate devise:install
rails generate devise MODEL

如果已经安装了Devise并生成了上述的Devise模型，但仍然遇到错误，请将以下代码添加到Models中的User.rb文件中。
class User < ApplicationRecord
    extend Devise::Models
1
将Rails 5.1.4升级到5.2.6，我需要扩展Devise:Models，所以谢谢你！ - rmcsharry
1

rails g devise install != rails g devise:install

我也遇到了这个问题。 执行rails generate devise install（错误！）似乎没有什么不起作用的地方。终端输出如下：

$ rails g devise install
  Running via Spring preloader in process 5422
      invoke  active_record
      create    db/migrate/20180306165306_devise_create_installs.rb
      create    app/models/install.rb
      insert    app/models/install.rb
       route  devise_for :installs

但是我错过了分号。撤销这些更改，然后执行rails generate devise:install（注意devise和install之间的:），一切都完美解决了。此外，您将获得更详细的输出：
$ rails g devise:install
  Running via Spring preloader in process 5218
      create  config/initializers/devise.rb
      create  config/locales/devise.en.yml
  ===============================================================================

  Some setup you must do manually if you haven't yet:

    1. Ensure you have defined default url options in your environments files. Here
       is an example of default_url_options appropriate for a development environment
       in config/environments/development.rb:

         config.action_mailer.default_url_options = { host: 'localhost', port: 3000 }

       In production, :host should be set to the actual host of your application.

    2. Ensure you have defined root_url to *something* in your config/routes.rb.
       For example:

         root to: "home#index"

    3. Ensure you have flash messages in app/views/layouts/application.html.erb.
       For example:

         <p class="notice"><%= notice %></p>
         <p class="alert"><%= alert %></p>

    4. You can copy Devise views (for customization) to your app by running:

         rails g devise:views

  ===============================================================================
1
1

或者，像我一样，在添加了以下内容之后：

gem 'devise'

将其添加到Gemfile中，然后运行：
$ bundle install

你忘记使用 Ctrl C 重新启动服务器：

restart the server

，并且：

$ rails s
1
我遇到了同样的问题，运行rails generate devise:install并没有解决它。我所做的只是在initializer文件夹下创建了devise.rb文件，并添加了内容，这样问题就解决了。
 # frozen_string_literal: true

# Assuming you have not yet modified this file, each configuration option below
# is set to its default value. Note that some are commented out while others
# are not: uncommented lines are intended to protect your configuration from
# breaking changes in upgrades (i.e., in the event that future versions of
# Devise change the default values for those options).
#
# Use this hook to configure devise mailer, warden hooks and so forth.
# Many of these configuration options can be set straight in your model.
Devise.setup do |config|
  # The secret key used by Devise. Devise uses this key to generate
  # random tokens. Changing this key will render invalid all existing
  # confirmation, reset password and unlock tokens in the database.
  # Devise will use the `secret_key_base` as its `secret_key`
  # by default. You can change it below and use your own secret key.
  # config.secret_key = '66362ccdcee994048fa373dcafb9ad611dc45ec244ea87db7cf6a9aec8dea4bce4c25ea6b49f97a0db61bf62738e937939e56d54417b5c4293db54ed7e915939'

  # ==> Controller configuration
  # Configure the parent class to the devise controllers.
  # config.parent_controller = 'DeviseController'

  # ==> Mailer Configuration
  # Configure the e-mail address which will be shown in Devise::Mailer,
  # note that it will be overwritten if you use your own mailer class
  # with default "from" parameter.
  config.mailer_sender = 'please-change-me-at-config-initializers-devise@example.com'

  # Configure the class responsible to send e-mails.
  # config.mailer = 'Devise::Mailer'

  # Configure the parent class responsible to send e-mails.
  # config.parent_mailer = 'ActionMailer::Base'

  # ==> ORM configuration
  # Load and configure the ORM. Supports :active_record (default) and
  # :mongoid (bson_ext recommended) by default. Other ORMs may be
  # available as additional gems.
  require 'devise/orm/active_record'

  # ==> Configuration for any authentication mechanism
  # Configure which keys are used when authenticating a user. The default is
  # just :email. You can configure it to use [:username, :subdomain], so for
  # authenticating a user, both parameters are required. Remember that those
  # parameters are used only when authenticating and not when retrieving from
  # session. If you need permissions, you should implement that in a before filter.
  # You can also supply a hash where the value is a boolean determining whether
  # or not authentication should be aborted when the value is not present.
  # config.authentication_keys = [:email]

  # Configure parameters from the request object used for authentication. Each entry
  # given should be a request method and it will automatically be passed to the
  # find_for_authentication method and considered in your model lookup. For instance,
  # if you set :request_keys to [:subdomain], :subdomain will be used on authentication.
  # The same considerations mentioned for authentication_keys also apply to request_keys.
  # config.request_keys = []

  # Configure which authentication keys should be case-insensitive.
  # These keys will be downcased upon creating or modifying a user and when used
  # to authenticate or find a user. Default is :email.
  config.case_insensitive_keys = [:email]

  # Configure which authentication keys should have whitespace stripped.
  # These keys will have whitespace before and after removed upon creating or
  # modifying a user and when used to authenticate or find a user. Default is :email.
  config.strip_whitespace_keys = [:email]

  # Tell if authentication through request.params is enabled. True by default.
  # It can be set to an array that will enable params authentication only for the
  # given strategies, for example, `config.params_authenticatable = [:database]` will
  # enable it only for database (email + password) authentication.
  # config.params_authenticatable = true

  # Tell if authentication through HTTP Auth is enabled. False by default.
  # It can be set to an array that will enable http authentication only for the
  # given strategies, for example, `config.http_authenticatable = [:database]` will
  # enable it only for database authentication.
  # For API-only applications to support authentication "out-of-the-box", you will likely want to
  # enable this with :database unless you are using a custom strategy.
  # The supported strategies are:
  # :database      = Support basic authentication with authentication key + password
  # config.http_authenticatable = false

  # If 401 status code should be returned for AJAX requests. True by default.
  # config.http_authenticatable_on_xhr = true

  # The realm used in Http Basic Authentication. 'Application' by default.
  # config.http_authentication_realm = 'Application'

  # It will change confirmation, password recovery and other workflows
  # to behave the same regardless if the e-mail provided was right or wrong.
  # Does not affect registerable.
  # config.paranoid = true

  # By default Devise will store the user in session. You can skip storage for
  # particular strategies by setting this option.
  # Notice that if you are skipping storage for all authentication paths, you
  # may want to disable generating routes to Devise's sessions controller by
  # passing skip: :sessions to `devise_for` in your config/routes.rb
  config.skip_session_storage = [:http_auth]

  # By default, Devise cleans up the CSRF token on authentication to
  # avoid CSRF token fixation attacks. This means that, when using AJAX
  # requests for sign in and sign up, you need to get a new CSRF token
  # from the server. You can disable this option at your own risk.
  # config.clean_up_csrf_token_on_authentication = true

  # When false, Devise will not attempt to reload routes on eager load.
  # This can reduce the time taken to boot the app but if your application
  # requires the Devise mappings to be loaded during boot time the application
  # won't boot properly.
  # config.reload_routes = true

  # ==> Configuration for :database_authenticatable
  # For bcrypt, this is the cost for hashing the password and defaults to 12. If
  # using other algorithms, it sets how many times you want the password to be hashed.
  # The number of stretches used for generating the hashed password are stored
  # with the hashed password. This allows you to change the stretches without
  # invalidating existing passwords.
  #
  # Limiting the stretches to just one in testing will increase the performance of
  # your test suite dramatically. However, it is STRONGLY RECOMMENDED to not use
  # a value less than 10 in other environments. Note that, for bcrypt (the default
  # algorithm), the cost increases exponentially with the number of stretches (e.g.
  # a value of 20 is already extremely slow: approx. 60 seconds for 1 calculation).
  config.stretches = Rails.env.test? ? 1 : 12

  # Set up a pepper to generate the hashed password.
  # config.pepper = '8e15ce2257e97aefdf71654b13e448555015357599d81faa5555566b6a4a6b4c34cb5cb55bd7d0c42eff5af50ea43a547aaef4623b279e03dcd27470e93eb105'

  # Send a notification to the original email when the user's email is changed.
  # config.send_email_changed_notification = false

  # Send a notification email when the user's password is changed.
  # config.send_password_change_notification = false

  # ==> Configuration for :confirmable
  # A period that the user is allowed to access the website even without
  # confirming their account. For instance, if set to 2.days, the user will be
  # able to access the website for two days without confirming their account,
  # access will be blocked just in the third day.
  # You can also set it to nil, which will allow the user to access the website
  # without confirming their account.
  # Default is 0.days, meaning the user cannot access the website without
  # confirming their account.
  # config.allow_unconfirmed_access_for = 2.days

  # A period that the user is allowed to confirm their account before their
  # token becomes invalid. For example, if set to 3.days, the user can confirm
  # their account within 3 days after the mail was sent, but on the fourth day
  # their account can't be confirmed with the token any more.
  # Default is nil, meaning there is no restriction on how long a user can take
  # before confirming their account.
  # config.confirm_within = 3.days

  # If true, requires any email changes to be confirmed (exactly the same way as
  # initial account confirmation) to be applied. Requires additional unconfirmed_email
  # db field (see migrations). Until confirmed, new email is stored in
  # unconfirmed_email column, and copied to email column on successful confirmation.
  config.reconfirmable = true

  # Defines which key will be used when confirming an account
  # config.confirmation_keys = [:email]

  # ==> Configuration for :rememberable
  # The time the user will be remembered without asking for credentials again.
  # config.remember_for = 2.weeks

  # Invalidates all the remember me tokens when the user signs out.
  config.expire_all_remember_me_on_sign_out = true

  # If true, extends the user's remember period when remembered via cookie.
  # config.extend_remember_period = false

  # Options to be passed to the created cookie. For instance, you can set
  # secure: true in order to force SSL only cookies.
  # config.rememberable_options = {}

  # ==> Configuration for :validatable
  # Range for password length.
  config.password_length = 6..128

  # Email regex used to validate email formats. It simply asserts that
  # one (and only one) @ exists in the given string. This is mainly
  # to give user feedback and not to assert the e-mail validity.
  config.email_regexp = /\A[^@\s]+@[^@\s]+\z/

  # ==> Configuration for :timeoutable
  # The time you want to timeout the user session without activity. After this
  # time the user will be asked for credentials again. Default is 30 minutes.
  # config.timeout_in = 30.minutes

  # ==> Configuration for :lockable
  # Defines which strategy will be used to lock an account.
  # :failed_attempts = Locks an account after a number of failed attempts to sign in.
  # :none            = No lock strategy. You should handle locking by yourself.
  # config.lock_strategy = :failed_attempts

  # Defines which key will be used when locking and unlocking an account
  # config.unlock_keys = [:email]

  # Defines which strategy will be used to unlock an account.
  # :email = Sends an unlock link to the user email
  # :time  = Re-enables login after a certain amount of time (see :unlock_in below)
  # :both  = Enables both strategies
  # :none  = No unlock strategy. You should handle unlocking by yourself.
  # config.unlock_strategy = :both

  # Number of authentication tries before locking an account if lock_strategy
  # is failed attempts.
  # config.maximum_attempts = 20

  # Time interval to unlock the account if :time is enabled as unlock_strategy.
  # config.unlock_in = 1.hour

  # Warn on the last attempt before the account is locked.
  # config.last_attempt_warning = true

  # ==> Configuration for :recoverable
  #
  # Defines which key will be used when recovering the password for an account
  # config.reset_password_keys = [:email]

  # Time interval you can reset your password with a reset password key.
  # Don't put a too small interval or your users won't have the time to
  # change their passwords.
  config.reset_password_within = 6.hours

  # When set to false, does not sign a user in automatically after their password is
  # reset. Defaults to true, so a user is signed in automatically after a reset.
  # config.sign_in_after_reset_password = true

  # ==> Configuration for :encryptable
  # Allow you to use another hashing or encryption algorithm besides bcrypt (default).
  # You can use :sha1, :sha512 or algorithms from others authentication tools as
  # :clearance_sha1, :authlogic_sha512 (then you should set stretches above to 20
  # for default behavior) and :restful_authentication_sha1 (then you should set
  # stretches to 10, and copy REST_AUTH_SITE_KEY to pepper).
  #
  # Require the `devise-encryptable` gem when using anything other than bcrypt
  # config.encryptor = :sha512

  # ==> Scopes configuration
  # Turn scoped views on. Before rendering "sessions/new", it will first check for
  # "users/sessions/new". It's turned off by default because it's slower if you
  # are using only default views.
  # config.scoped_views = false

  # Configure the default scope given to Warden. By default it's the first
  # devise role declared in your routes (usually :user).
  # config.default_scope = :user

  # Set this configuration to false if you want /users/sign_out to sign out
  # only the current scope. By default, Devise signs out all scopes.
  # config.sign_out_all_scopes = true

  # ==> Navigation configuration
  # Lists the formats that should be treated as navigational. Formats like
  # :html, should redirect to the sign in page when the user does not have
  # access, but formats like :xml or :json, should return 401.
  #
  # If you have any extra navigational formats, like :iphone or :mobile, you
  # should add them to the navigational formats lists.
  #
  # The "*/*" below is required to match Internet Explorer requests.
  # config.navigational_formats = ['*/*', :html]

  # The default HTTP method used to sign out a resource. Default is :delete.
  config.sign_out_via = :delete

  # ==> OmniAuth
  # Add a new OmniAuth provider. Check the wiki for more information on setting
  # up on your models and hooks.
  # config.omniauth :github, 'APP_ID', 'APP_SECRET', scope: 'user,public_repo'

  # ==> Warden configuration
  # If you want to use other strategies, that are not supported by Devise, or
  # change the failure app, you can configure them inside the config.warden block.
  #
  # config.warden do |manager|
  #   manager.intercept_401 = false
  #   manager.default_strategies(scope: :user).unshift :some_external_strategy
  # end

  # ==> Mountable engine configurations
  # When using Devise inside an engine, let's call it `MyEngine`, and this engine
  # is mountable, there are some extra configurations to be taken into account.
  # The following options are available, assuming the engine is mounted as:
  #
  #     mount MyEngine, at: '/my_engine'
  #
  # The router that invoked `devise_for`, in the example above, would be:
  # config.router_name = :my_engine
  #
  # When using OmniAuth, Devise cannot automatically set OmniAuth path,
  # so you need to do it manually. For the users scope, it would be:
  # config.omniauth_path_prefix = '/my_engine/users/auth'

  # ==> Turbolinks configuration
  # If your app is using Turbolinks, Turbolinks::Controller needs to be included to make redirection work correctly:
  #
  # ActiveSupport.on_load(:devise_failure_app) do
  #   include Turbolinks::Controller
  # end

  # ==> Configuration for :registerable

  # When set to false, does not sign a user in automatically after their password is
  # changed. Defaults to true, so a user is signed in automatically after changing a password.
  # config.sign_in_after_change_password = true
end
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