HSQLDB多列排序

Question

我正在使用hsqldb和hibernate执行查询。 我有一个order by语句：-

Query query = em
    .createQuery("SELECT DISTINCT new com.mytransferobject.QuickSearchResultTO(m.id, m.firstName||' '||m.surname, '')  " +
        "FROM Member m, ClassC c, ClassCm cm " +
        "WHERE  c.id = cm.clubId AND m.id = cm.memberId " +
        "AND c.lft >= :lft AND c.lft <= :rgt " +
        "AND (firstName LIKE :memberName OR surname LIKE :memberName) " +
        "AND m.deleted = false " +
        "AND c.deleted = false " +
        "ORDER BY m.firstName, m.surname");

query.setParameter("lft", lft);
query.setParameter("rgt", rgt);
query.setParameter("memberName", memberName + "%");

这在MYSQL中运行良好，但我的测试代码（使用hsqldb 2.2.6）失败了。我尝试将它们连接在一起，它可以正常工作，但这是一个广泛使用的查询，所以我想避免任何不必要的操作。

我得到了一个异常：-

    javax.persistence.PersistenceException: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: invalid ORDER BY expression
        at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1360)
        at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1288)
        at org.hibernate.ejb.QueryImpl.getResultList(QueryImpl.java:261)
        at com.servasport.smp.dao.jpa.MemberDaoImpl.quickSearchAll(MemberDaoImpl.java:626)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:318)
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:183)
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:150)
        at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:110)
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:202)
        at $Proxy68.quickSearchAll(Unknown Source)
        at com.servasport.smp.dao.MemberDaoTest.quickSearchSuccess(MemberDaoTest.java:768)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
        at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
        at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
        at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
        at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:74)
        at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:31)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:83)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
        at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:49)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
        at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
        at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
        at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
        at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
        at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
        at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
        at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
    Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: invalid ORDER BY expression
        at org.hibernate.exception.internal.SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.convert(SQLExceptionTypeDelegate.java:83)
        at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:49)
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:125)
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:110)
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.proxy.ConnectionProxyHandler.continueInvocation(ConnectionProxyHandler.java:146)
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.proxy.AbstractProxyHandler.invoke(AbstractProxyHandler.java:81)
        at $Proxy95.prepareStatement(Unknown Source)
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$5.doPrepare(StatementPreparerImpl.java:147)
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl$StatementPreparationTemplate.prepareStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:166)
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.StatementPreparerImpl.prepareQueryStatement(StatementPreparerImpl.java:145)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.prepareQueryStatement(Loader.java:1720)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQuery(Loader.java:828)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQueryAndInitializeNonLazyCollections(Loader.java:289)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doList(Loader.java:2447)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doList(Loader.java:2433)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.listIgnoreQueryCache(Loader.java:2263)
        at org.hibernate.loader.Loader.list(Loader.java:2258)
        at org.hibernate.loader.hql.QueryLoader.list(QueryLoader.java:470)
        at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.list(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:355)
        at org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.HQLQueryPlan.performList(HQLQueryPlan.java:196)
        at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.list(SessionImpl.java:1161)
        at org.hibernate.internal.QueryImpl.list(QueryImpl.java:101)
        at org.hibernate.ejb.QueryImpl.getResultList(QueryImpl.java:252)
        ... 43 more
    Caused by: java.sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: invalid ORDER BY expression
        at org.hsqldb.jdbc.Util.sqlException(Unknown Source)
        at org.hsqldb.jdbc.Util.sqlException(Unknown Source)
        at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCPreparedStatement.<init>(Unknown Source)
        at org.hsqldb.jdbc.JDBCConnection.prepareStatement(Unknown Source)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.proxy.ConnectionProxyHandler.continueInvocation(ConnectionProxyHandler.java:138)
        ... 61 more
    Caused by: org.hsqldb.HsqlException: invalid ORDER BY expression
        at org.hsqldb.error.Error.error(Unknown Source)
        at org.hsqldb.error.Error.error(Unknown Source)
        at org.hsqldb.QuerySpecification.resolveGroups(Unknown Source)
        at org.hsqldb.QuerySpecification.resolveTypesPartTwo(Unknown Source)
        at org.hsqldb.QueryExpression.resolve(Unknown Source)
        at org.hsqldb.ParserDQL.compileCursorSpecification(Unknown Source)
        at org.hsqldb.ParserCommand.compilePart(Unknown Source)
        at org.hsqldb.ParserCommand.compileStatement(Unknown Source)
        at org.hsqldb.Session.compileStatement(Unknown Source)
        at org.hsqldb.StatementManager.compile(Unknown Source)
        at org.hsqldb.Session.execute(Unknown Source)
        ... 68 more

- Ash McConnell

---

它是如何失败的？有任何异常堆栈跟踪吗？你想让它做什么，它却做了什么？ - JB Nizet

你正在执行哪个查询？是什么失败了？HSQLDB支持ORDER BY firstname, surname。 - fredt

抱歉我在开会，我现在已经添加了异常处理。 我尝试将更新到2.2.8（maven上最新的版本），但是仍然出现相同的异常。 - Ash McConnell

你所展示的代码段中，ORDER BY 语法是正确的。可能错误的是子句的位置（例如在 WHERE 子句之前放置 ORDER BY 等），但如果您不发布完整的代码，我们无法确定具体的问题所在。 - Fedor Hajdu

已添加完整代码（删除了一些表名以保护隐私）。我怀疑问题在于我实际上没有单独选择名字和姓氏？ - Ash McConnell

@Ash，是的，这可能是原因，因为你使用了DISTINCT。 - fredt

Answer 1

您可能会遇到“无效的排序表达式”异常，因为您在ORDER BY中指定了一个列（在您的情况下是m.firstName和m.surname），这些列在SELECT子句中没有被显式返回。一些数据库，例如SQL Server和MySQL不需要这样做，但其他一些数据库例如HSQLDB和DB2无法在没有选择的字段的情况下进行ORDER BY。

我认为，如果您使用如下语句，您的代码将能够正常运行：

Query query = em
    .createQuery("SELECT DISTINCT new com.mytransferobject.QuickSearchResultTO(m.id, m.firstName, m.surname, m.firstName||' '||m.surname, '')  " +
        "FROM Member m, ClassC c, ClassCm cm " +
        "WHERE  c.id = cm.clubId AND m.id = cm.memberId " +
        "AND c.lft >= :lft AND c.lft <= :rgt " +
        "AND (firstName LIKE :memberName OR surname LIKE :memberName) " +
        "AND m.deleted = false " +
        "AND c.deleted = false " +
        "ORDER BY m.firstName, m.surname");

- Dherik

Answer 2

我曾经遇到过同样的问题，但是我通过使用GROUP BY而不是DISTINCT来解决了它，这将返回相同的结果。 如果你使用以下代码，它也会起作用：

Query query = em
.createQuery("SELECT new com.mytransferobject.QuickSearchResultTO(m.id, m.firstName||' '||m.surname, '')  " +
    "FROM Member m, ClassC c, ClassCm cm " +
    "WHERE  c.id = cm.clubId AND m.id = cm.memberId " +
    "AND c.lft >= :lft AND c.lft <= :rgt " +
    "AND (firstName LIKE :memberName OR surname LIKE :memberName) " +
    "AND m.deleted = false " +
    "AND c.deleted = false " +
    "GROUP BY m.idORDER BY m.firstName, m.surname");

- Rami